The mineral contents of the adult Clonorchis sinensis from rabbits and human were measured, and its qualitative and semi-quantitative analyses were studied with 3.4 meter Ebert-Grating spectrograph, and its quantitative analyses were studied with Beckman DU spectrophotometer. The adult Clonorchis sinensis used in this study were divided into two groups, the first group was collected from the bile passage of the man (C. sinensis from man), the second group was collected from the bile passage of the rabbit(C. sinensis from rabbit). Simultaneously, spectrographic and photometric analyses were also performed on the adult worms of Paragonimus westermani. Furthermore, comparative spectrographic analyses of the trace elements were carried out on the C. sinensis from man, C. sinensis from rabbit, Fasciola hepatica, Eurytrema pancreaticum, and Paragonimus westermani, and the approximate contents of the trace elements of the above trematodes were compared with that of their host tissues and biles. The results obtained were as follows: In the spectrographic analyses of C. sinensis from man, sodium, phosphorus, potassium, copper, calcium, aluminum, iron, and magnesium were detected predominantly, and zinc, titanium, silicone, lead, manganese, barium, cromium, molybdenum, and silver were detected as trace elements. In the differences of level of the minerals in these two C. sinensis, copper level of C. sinensis from man was higher than that of C. sinensis from rabbit, while calcium level of the former worm was higher than that of the latter worm. The trace level of lead, molybdenum, and silver were acertained in the former, but latter were not detected . The contents of the minerals showed the characteristic features in each trematodes: the mineral of flukes in each host were much more than that of the others; such as copper in C. sinensis from man, calcium in the C. sinensis from rabbit, and silicone in the P. westermani. The vanadium was detected in the F. hepatica, E. pancreaticum, and P. westermani, while the other flukes were not detected. In the comparative spectrographic analyses of the trace elements among the trematodes and their host tissues and biles, the minerals which detected from flukes were also found in their tissues and biles of their host. But the mineral levels of C. sinensis from man, F. hepatica, E. pancreaticum, and P. westermani were higher than that of their host tissues and biles, except the C. sinensis from rabbit.
parasitology ; helminth ; trematoda ; C. sinensis ; rabbit ; Fasciola hepatica ; Eurytrema pancreaticum ; Paragonimus westermani ; biochemistry ; sodium ; phosphorus ; potassium ; copper ; calcium ; aluminum ; iron ; magnesium ; zinc ; titanium ; silicone ; lead ; manganese ; barium ; cromium ; molybdenum ; silver ; vanadium

Polypeptide antigen as isolated from adult worms of Clonorchis sinensis by means of diluted HCl-extraction method. Preliminary intradermal examination with those polypeptide antigen(CPT) were performed on patients of clonorchiasis, paragonimiasis and metagonimiasis and the result of the intradermal test with CPT antigen were compared with those of Clonorchis protein fraction(CPF) and Veronal buffer saline extraction (VBS) antigen. The result of the examination were summerized as follows: When 0.05 ml (1 microgram) of CPT was injected intradermally, the positive intradermal reaction appeared in 42.7 per cent (37 of 82) on the patients of clonorchiasis. The sizes of the wheal and erythema with CPT antigen was smaller than that of CPF and VBS antigen. Intradermal reaction with CPT antigen was carried out for other parasitic diseases, such as paragonimiasis and metagonimiasis. The result indicated that CPT antigen may be showed no cross reactions. Clonorchiasis pateints who with negative reaction to CPT antigen, reacted negatively to CPF and VBS antigens.
parastiology-helminth-trenmatoda ; Paragonimus ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Metagonimus ; clonorchiasis ; paragonimiasis ; metagonimiasis ; immunology ; skin test ; erythema ; Clonorchis protein fraction ; Veronal buffer saline extraction ; antigen

A giant hydronephrosis caused by ureteropelvic junction stricture in a 16-month-old male infant was presented. After the size and volume of giant hydronephrosis were estimated by retrograde pyelography, nephrectomy was performed. We report this case with review of literatures.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis* ; Infant ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Urography

Renal agenesis is a relatively rare congenital anomaly. The frequent difficulty in establishing a definite diagnosis of renal agenesis is emphasized. Recently we experienced 2 cases of renal agenesis in 24-year-old male patients, so we report these 2 cases of renal agenesis with review of literatures.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult

Metacercariae of a kind of Levinseniella species were found from a brackish water crabs, Macrophthalmus japonicus de Haan, in the brackish area of Hyungsan river of Kyungpook province. Habitats were the epigastric and progastric regions of Macrophthalmus japonicus. One hundred and seventy five crabs out of 178 examined (98.3 per cent) were infested with metacercariae of Levinseniella species. The infested number of metacercariae in each crabs was average 100 ea. The excystation of metacercaria has not developed in vitro (both saline and tyrode's solution). Many eggs were observed in the metacercariae maintained for 24 or 48 hours in the water-bath. No differences were observed between semi-adult fluke from rat host and those maintained for 24 or 48 hours in vitro.
parasitology-helminth-trematode ; Levinseniella ; Macrophthalmus japonicus ; crab ; epidemiology ; tyrode's solution ; saline

Metacercariae of Centrocestus species were found from a brackish water fish, Tribolodon taczanowskii Steindachner in the downstream of Hyungsan river. Thirty one fishes out of 154 examined (31.8 percent ) were infected with the metacercariae of Centrocestus. sp. Metacercariae were fed to the mouse experimentally and adult worms were recovered from the intestinal mucosa. And they were identified C. asadai Mishima and compared with the prereported Centrocestus sp.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda-Centrocestus asadai ; Tribolodon taczanowskii ; metacercariae

The effects of intracellular and extracellular pH on the inwardly rectifying K+ (IRK) channel of the bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) were examined using whole-cell patch-clamp technique. The IRK current, efficiently blocked by Ba2+ (200microM), is the most prominent membrane current in BAECs, which mainly determines the resting membrane potential. The expression of Kir2.1 was observed in BAECs using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. Intracellular alkalinization, elicited by the extracellular substitution of NaCl with NH4Cl (30 mM), significantly augmented the amplitude of IRK current. On the contrary, the amplitude of IRK current was attenuated by the Na-acetate (30 mM)-induced intracellular acidification. The changes in extracellular pH also closely modulated the amplitude of IRK current, which was decreased to 40.2+/-1.3% of control upon switching the extracellular pH to 4.0 from 7.4. The extracellular pH value for half-maximal inhibition (pK) of IRK current was 5.11. These results demonstrate that the activity of IRK channel in BAECs, probably Kir2.1, was suppressed by proton at both sides of plasma membrane.
Cell Membrane ; Endothelial Cells* ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration* ; Membrane Potentials ; Membranes ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Protons