no abstract available.

no abstract available.

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel SFTS bunyavirus (SFTSV), a member of the genus Phlebovirus in the family Bunyaviridae. SFTSV is believed to be transmitted by Haemaphysalis longicornis. Common symptoms of SFTS include high fever, vomiting, diarrhea, thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, and multi-organ failure with an average case-fatality rate of 12~30%. In 2009, SFTS was firstly reported in China. In 2013, 27 cases of SFTS were documented in Korea, and 6 cases were confirmed on Jeju Island. Although the pathogenesis and transmission mode of SFTS remain unclear, SFTS is now considered endemic in East Asia. Accordingly, SFTS needs to be differentiated from scrub typhus, leptospirosis, and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. We here report 4 cases of SFTS preceded by a tick bite, which were in need of a differential diagnosis of scrub typhus.
Bunyaviridae ; China ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diarrhea ; Far East ; Fever* ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; Humans ; Korea ; Leptospirosis ; Leukopenia ; Phlebovirus ; Scrub Typhus ; Thrombocytopenia* ; Tick Bites ; Vomiting

Some herbal medications induce acute kidney injury. The acute kidney injuries caused by herbal medications are mild and commonly treated by palliative care. A 51-years-old man who drank the juice squeezed from the raw tubers of Dioscorea quinqueloba (D. quinqueloba) was admitted with nausea, vomiting and chilling. He developed a seizure with decreased level of consciousness. He was diagnosed with acute kidney injury, which was cured by continuous venovenous hemodialfiltration. Non-detoxified D. quinqueloba can cause severe acute kidney injury with toxic encephalopathy. It is critical to inform possible adverse effects of the medicinal herbs and to implement more strict regulation of these products.
Acute Kidney Injury/*chemically induced/*complications ; Dioscorea/*adverse effects ; Disease Progression ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes/*complications

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne infectious disease that is caused by the genus phlebovirus in the family Bunyaviridae. The syndrome is characterized by fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. The number of reported cases and deaths in endemic areas, such as China and Japan, has increased each year. Since the first SFTS patient was identified in 2013, the number of cases have also been increasing every year in South Korea and the disease is posing a great public health concern. The number of patients is increasing and there is a high mortality rate, but there is no established treatment that has proven to be effective. The purpose of this review was to elucidate the various treatment modalities, such as plasma exchange, antiviral agents, e.g. ribavirin, high-dose steroids, and interferon.
Antiviral Agents ; Bunyaviridae ; China ; Communicable Diseases ; Fever* ; Humans ; Interferons ; Japan ; Korea* ; Mortality ; Neutropenia ; Phlebovirus ; Plasma Exchange ; Public Health ; Ribavirin ; Steroids ; Thrombocytopenia*

No abstract available.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Corneal Ulcer ; Humans ; Ulcer

Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) and Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) are tick-borne diseases belonging to the family Bunyaviridae. Since SFTS was first reported in China in 2009, the virus was isolated and confirmed in 2011, with additional reports of SFTSV expanding its geographic range from China to South Korea and Japan. CCHFV has the widest geographic distribution of any tick-borne virus, encompassing around 30 countries from eastern China through Asia, the Middle East, and southeastern Europe to Africa. During the past decade, CCHFV has emerged in new areas of Europe, Africa, the Middle East, and Asia and has increased in endemic areas. Migratory birds are considered to play a role in dispersing CCHFV vectors, and the virus. This review summarises SFTSV and CCHFV, highlighting the role of migratory birds in the transmission of tick-borne disease.
Africa ; Asia ; Birds* ; Bunyaviridae ; China ; Europe ; Fever* ; Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo ; Humans ; Japan ; Middle East ; Republic of Korea ; Thrombocytopenia* ; Tick-Borne Diseases ; Viruses*

Kikuchi disease, also called histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is an uncommon, idiopathic and generally self-limited disease, characterized by cervical lymphadenopathy. It can present systemic symptoms and signs, but ocular involvement is unusual. We report a 35-year-old woman who presented sudden decreased visual acuity and a swollen lymph node on the left side of her neck. On laboratory findings, there were no evidences of infection, autoimmune disease and systemic vasculitis. She was diagnosed with Kikuchi disease and bilateral retinal vasculitis by histologic analysis of lymph node, fundoscopy and fluorescein angiography.
Adult ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Neck ; Retinal Vasculitis ; Retinaldehyde ; Systemic Vasculitis ; Visual Acuity

Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is an increasingly common worldwide and colonizing S. aureus strains may serve as the causative pathogen for overt clinical infections. This study was performed to determine whether the pathogenic CA-MRSA isolate in clinical infections was genetically related to the MRSA isolates in community carriers. We prospectively collected a total of 42 CA-MRSA isolates (23 clinical infection isolates and 19 colonization isolates) in a local region of Korea. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests, staphylococcal toxin assays, SCCmec typing, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and spa (staphylococcal protein A) typing were performed with all isolates. Thirty-four (81%) of 42 CA-MRSA isolates belonged to sequence type (ST) 72 in the MLST analysis. The distribution of STs did not differ significantly between colonization and clinical infection isolates (89.5% [17/19] vs. 73.9% [17/23], P=0.26). Among the ST72-MRSA isolates, spa type t664 (18, 52.9%) and t324 (8, 23.5%) were common in both groups. This study demonstrates that the community-associated MRSA strains from patients with clinical infections are closely related to the strains found in carriers from one local community.
Community-Acquired Infections/microbiology ; Genotype ; Humans ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/*genetics/isolation & purification ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Prospective Studies ; Republic of Korea ; Staphylococcal Infections/*microbiology

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging infectious disease in South Korea with clinical features similar to those of scrub typhus. Infected patients with these two diseases usually visited the emergency department (ED) complaining of fever that was not responsive to treatment in a local clinic. Aggressive management of SFTS is required in order to prevent rapid progression and human-to-human transmission, thus rapid and accurate differential diagnosis of the two diseases in the ED is important. We reported three laboratory confirmed cases of SFTS during 2013-2014 in a single center, with fever, skin lesions, and history of outdoor activities in order to help in differential diagnosis between SFTS and scrub typhus in the ED.
Communicable Diseases, Emerging ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Fever* ; Humans ; Korea ; Scrub Typhus* ; Skin ; Thrombocytopenia*