Lipomas of the heart are benign neoplasms and have rarely been described. Due to the fact that they normally cause no symptoms, diagnosis is often purely accidental. Because of the rarity of these tumors, it seems worthwhile to present an example studied at autopsy. It was associated with the sudden death of a 15-year-old boy. The tumor arose from the wall of the left ventricle and occupied the pericardial cavity, measuring 13x7x6 cm in size. The tumor was whitish-yellow, translucent, and soft. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of mature adipose tissue which extended between muscle fibers. This current case, the giant cardiac lipoma is believed to produce disturbances of the conduction system and distrubances of cardiac filling.

To study factors related to release of atrial natriuretic polypeptide(ANP) in human subjects, instracardiac pressure and plasma ANP concentration in peripheral and central circulation were measured in patients with various heart disease (18 valvular heart disease, 4 congenital heart disease, 2 cardiomyopathy). 1) The concentration in peripheral venous plasma were increased in 14 patients with New York Heart Associaion (NYHA) functional class III-IV (87+/-38 pg/ml) as compared with that in 10 patients with NYHA functional class I-II (39+/-21 pg/ml, P<0.005)and 15 normal subjects (51+/-21 pg/ml, P<0.01). 2)The concentration of plasma ANP in inferior vena cava, right ventricle, pulonary artery, left ventricle and aorta were markedly increased in patient with NYHA functional class III-IV, elevated mean right atrial pressure (MRAP> or =8 mmHg) elevated mean pulmonary capllary wedge pressure (MPCWP> or =15 mmHg) and/or elevated pulminary artery systolic pressure (PASP> or =35 mmHg), as compared with those in patients with NYHA functional class I-II and/or lower intracardiac pressure (MRAP<8 mmHg, MPCWP<15 mmHg, and/or PASP<35 mmHg). 3) A step up in ANP concentration between inferior vena cava and right atrium was seen in patients with elevated MRAP (81+/-28pg/ml, 137+/-60pg/ml, P<0.05), MPCWP (74+/-37pg/ml,112+/-62pg/ml, P<0.05) and/or PASP (75+/-29 pg/ml,119+/-64 pg/ml, P<0.05). But there were no differences among intracardiac ANP concentrations from right atrium though aorta. 4) Plasma concentrations in right atrium, pulmonary artery, left ventricle and aorta correlated with MRAP (r=0.82, 0.63, 0.56, p<0.005 and r=0.52, P<0.01, respectively), MPCWP (r=0.86, 0.75, 0.73 and 0.72 respectively, P<0.005 in all) and PASP (r=0.73, 0.57, 0.68 and 0.59 respectively P<0.005 in all). 5) Left atrial diameter correlated with plasma ANP concentration in peripheral plasma (r=0.55, P<0.01), inferior vena cava (r=0.51, P<0.025), right atrium (r=0.45, P<0.05), right ventricle (r=0.55, P<0.01), pulmonary artery (r=0.52, P<0.01), left ventricle (r=0.55, P<0.01) and aorta (r=0.56, P<0.005). These results suggest that the heart secrets atrial natriuretic polypeptide into right atrium in response to increased mean right atrial pressure, mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, pulmonary artery systolic pressure and/or left atrial distention.
Aorta ; Arteries ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; Atrial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Heart ; Heart Atria ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Diseases* ; Heart Valve Diseases ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Plasma* ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Wedge Pressure ; Vena Cava, Inferior

Wegener's granulomatosis is a systemic necrotizing vasculitis of unknown cause. The disease is characterized by the involvement of the upper airway, the lung, and the kidney. Skin lesions are frequent and the most common lesion is purpura distributed on the limbs and trunk. A 34-year-old female showed recurrent purpuric macules on the both lower extremities and buttocks. The patient. showed nasal septal perforation with saddle nose deformity and C-ANCA positivity. Histopathologic findings of purpuric lesion revealed the features of necrotizing vasculitis. The histologic specimen from the nasal cavity showed chronic inflammation with granuloma formation and kidney showed focal necrotizing glomerulonephritis. Therefore, we treated the patient with prednisolone and cyclophosphamide having diagnosed Wegener's granulomatosis.
Adult ; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic ; Buttocks ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Cyclophosphamide ; Extremities ; Female ; Glomerulonephritis ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Kidney ; Lower Extremity ; Lung ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Septal Perforation ; Nose ; Prednisolone ; Purpura ; Skin ; Vasculitis ; Wegener Granulomatosis

Regional left ventricular wall motion was evaluated by two-dimensional echocardiographic technique with floating-axis (internal frame of reference) system in three groups of subject; normal subject (n=12), patients with acute anterior myocardial infraction(n=16), and patients with acute inferior myocardial infraction(n=10). Significant hypokinetic wall motion were detected in apical portion (Mean Percent Shortening; 0.27-5.84% in anterior infraction group and 9.64-13.17% in controls) and apicoanterior portion (MPS; 2.86% in anterior infraction group and 14.13% in controls) in patients with acute anterior myocardial infraction (P<0.01), and inferior portion (MPS; 3.56-6.93% in inferior infraction group and 18.26-19.8% in controls) and apical portion (MPS; 4.04% in inferior infraction group and 9.64% in controls) in patients with acute inferior myocardial infraction (P<0.01) in apical long-axis views. We conclude that echocardiographic wall motion analysis by floating axis system is an accurate non-invasive method for detecting abnormal wall motion in patients with acute anterior and in ferior myocardial infraction.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Echocardiography* ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction*

The writers have conducted the investigation to assess the nutritional status of young rural Korean children aged form 0 to 4 years old in August 1971. The survey areas were Kaejong-myon, Daeya-myon, Okku-gun, Jeonra-bukdo, Korea. These survey areas were typical agriculture plain areas. The total numbers of children examined were 2,706 comprising 1,394 male and 1,312 female. the weight, height, and chest circumference of children were measured and means and standard deviations were calculated for each measurement. In addition, the nutritional status of each child was classified by the four levels of malnutrition and the Gomez classification. The examination of red blood cell count, haematocrit value, and intestinal parasite infection were carried out at the same time. In general, recent work tend to suggest that environment influences, especially nutrition, are of great importance than genetic background or other biological factors for physical growth and development. Certainly the physical dimensions of the body are much influenced by nutrition, particularly in the rapidly growing period of early childhood. Selected body measurements can therefore give valuable information concerning protein-calory malnutrition. Growth can also be affected by bacterial, viral, and parasite infection. For the field workers in a developing country, therefore, nutritional anthropometry appears to be of greatest value in the assessment of growth failure and undernutrition, principally from lack of protein and calories. In order to compare and evaluate the data obtained, the optimal data of growth from the offspring of the true well-fed, medically and socially protected are needed, So-called "Standards" that have been compiled for preschool children in Korea, However, are based on measurement of children from middle or lower socio-economic groups, sho are in fact, usually undernourished from six months of age onwards and continuously exposed to a succession of infective and parasitic diseases. So that, the Harvard Standards which os one of the international reference standards was used as the reference standards in this study. Findings of the survey were as follows: A. Anthropometric data: 1) Comparing the mean values for body weight obtained with the Korean standard weight of the same age, the rural Korean children were slightly haevier than the Korean standard values in both sexes. Comparing with the Japanese children values, the rural Koran children were slightly haevier in male and in the infant period of female but lighter in female of the period of 1 to 4 years old than Japanese children. 2) Comparing the mean values for height obtained with the Korean standard height of the same age, the rural Korean children were taller than the Korean standard values except the second half of infant period in both sexes. Comparing with the Japanese children, the rural Korean children were slightly smaller than Japanese children except the first half of infant period in both sexes. 3)Mean values of chest circumference of rural Korean children obtained were less than the Korean standard values of the same ages in birth sexes. B. Prevalence of Protein-Calory Malnutrition: Children examined were divided into two groups, i. e. , infant (up to the first birthday) and toddler (1 to $ years old). 1) Percentage of four levels of malnutrition: a) when the nutritional status of each child was classified (1) by body weight value, the percentages for male and female of children attained standard value, the percentages for male and female of children attained standard growth were 52.8%(infant 83.3%, toddler 44.4%) and 39.7%(infant 74.5%, toddler 30.5%), the first level of malnutrition were 31.9% (infant 13.7%,toddler 36.9%) and 31.7%(infant 15.3%, toddler 36.0%), the second level of malnutrition were 12.3%(infant 1.7%, toddler 15.3%) and 23.3% (infant 7.7%, toddler 27.5%), the third level of malnutrition were 2.7%(infant 0.7%, toddler 3.2%) and 4.6%(infant 1.8%, toddler 5.3%) the fourth level of malnutrition were 0.3% (infant 0.7%, toddler 0.2%) and 0.7%(0.7% for infant and toddler) respectively. (2)by height value, the percentages for male and female of children attained standard growth were 80.3%(infant 97.3%, toddler 75.6%) and 75.1%(infant 96.4%, toddler 69.5%), the first levels of malnutrition were 17.9%(infant 2.0%, toddler 22.3%) and 23.6%(infant 3.6%, toddler 28.8%), the second level of malnutrition were 1.2%(infant 0.3%, toddler 1.5%) and 1.1%(infant 0%, toddler 1.4%), the third level of malnutrition were 0.4%(infant 0.3%, toddler 0.5%) and 0.2%(infant 0%, toddler 0.3%), the fourth level of malnutrition were 0.1%(infant 0%, toddler 0.1%) and 0% respectively. (3) By body weight in relation to height, the percentages for male and female of children attained standard growth were 87.9%(infant 77.6%, toddler 87.9%) and 78.2%(infant 77.4%, toddler 78.2%), the first level if malnutrition were 12.2%(infant 18.4%, toddler 10.6%) and 18.2%(infant 17.9%, toddler 18.3%), the second level of malnutrition were 1.9%(infant 3.3%, toddler 1.5%) and 3.0%(infant 3.3%, toddler 2.9%), the third level of malnutrition of malnutrition were 0.1%(infant 0.7%, toddler 0%)and 0.3%(infant 1.5%, toddler 0%) respectively. b) When the nutritional status of each child according to the mother's aged mother (31 to 40 years old) and old aged mother (41 years of above) was classified. (1) By body weight, among infants and toddlers, at each year of age, with increasing the mother's age, there was an increase in percentage of subjects underweight. This tendency of increasing percentage f underweight was more significant in the infant period than the toddler period. (2) By height value, no significant differences between each mother's age group were found. c) When the nutritional status of each child according to the birth rank, i. e. , lower birth rank(first to third) an higher birth rank(fourth of above) was classified. (1) By weight value, children of higher birth rank were slightly more often underweight than those of lower birth rank, but not significant. (2) By height value, no differences were found between children of lower and higher birth rank. 2) Gomez Classification: When the nutritional status of each child was classified a) By body weight value, the percentages for male and female of children, attained standard growth were 53.1%(infant 82.6%, toddler 44.9%) and 39.2%(infant 73.4%, toddler 30.1%), the first degree of malnutrition were 39.4%(infant 14.7%, toddler 46.2%) and 47.1%(infant 21.9%, toddler 53.8%), the second degree of malnutrition were 7.3%(infant 2.3%, toddler 8.6%) and 12.9%(infant 4.0%, toddler 15.2%), and the third degree of malnutrition were 0.2%(infant 0.3%, toddler 0.2%) and 0.8%(infant 0.7%, toddler 0.9%) respectively. b)By body weight value, the percentages for male and female of children, attained standard growth were 80.8%(infant 97.0%, toddler 76.3%) and 73.8%(infant 95.6%, toddler 68.0%), the first degree of malnutrition were 18.5%(infant 2.7%, toddler 22.9%) and 24.6%(infant 4.4%, toddler 30.0%), the second degree of malnutrition were 0.6%(infant 0.3%, toddler 0.7%) and 0.5%(infant 0.1%, toddler 0.7%), and the third degree of malnutrition were 0.1%(infant 0%, toddler 0.1%) and 1.1%(infant 0%, toddler 1.3%) respectively. C. Results of clinical laboratory examination: 1) Red blood cells: The range of mean red blood counts for male and female were 3,538,000/m3 to 4,483,000/m3 respectively. The lowest red cell counts were seen at the age of 0-3 months for male and 1-2 months for female. 2) Haematocrit value: The ranges of haematocrit value of male and female were 35.1% to 38.8% and 34.7% to 38.8% respectively. The lowest haematocrit values were seen at the age of 2-3 months for male and 1-2months for female. 3)The prevalence rates of intestinal parasites for male and female children with Ascaris lumbricoides were 34.1%(infant 18.8%, toddler 38.1%) and 36.0%(infant 18.4%, toddler 40.7%), with Trichocephalus trichiuris were 6.8%(infant 2.9%, toddler 7.9%) and 9.0%(infant 3.0%, toddler 10.6%), with Hookworm were 0.3%(infant 0.5%, toddler 0.2%)and 0.3%(infant 0.5%, toddler 0.3%), with Clonorchis sinensis were 0.4%(infant 0%, toddler 0.5%) and 0.1%(infant 0%, toddler 0.1%)respectively.
Agriculture ; Ancylostomatoidea ; Anthropometry ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Biological Factors ; Body Weight ; Cell Count ; Child* ; Child, Preschool ; Classification ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Developing Countries ; Erythrocyte Count ; Erythrocytes ; Female ; Growth and Development ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Infant ; Korea* ; Male ; Malnutrition ; Mothers ; Nutritional Status* ; Parasites ; Parasitic Diseases ; Parturition ; Prevalence ; Thinness ; Thorax ; Trichuris

BACKGROUND: Acromioclavicular (AC) stability is maintained through a complex combination of soft-tissue restraints that include coracoclavicular (CC), AC ligament and overlying muscles. Among these structures, the role of the CC ligament has continued to be studied because of its importance on shoulder kinematics, especially after AC injury. This study was designed to determine the geometric change of conoid and trapezoid ligaments and resulting stresses on these ligaments according to various scapular motions. METHODS: The scapuloclavicular (SC) complex was isolated from a fresh-frozen cadaver by removing all soft tissues except the AC and CC ligaments. The anatomically aligned SC complex was then scanned with a high-resolution computed tomography scanner into 0.6-mm slices. The Finite element model of the SC complex was obtained and used for calculating the stress on different parts of the CC ligaments with simulated movements of the scapula. RESULTS: Average stress on the conoid ligament during anterior tilt, internal rotation, and scapular protraction was higher, whereas the stress on the trapezoid ligament was more prominent during posterior tilt, external rotation, and retraction. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that CC ligament plays an integral role in regulating horizontal SC motion as well as complex motions indicated by increased stress over the ligament with an incremental scapular position change. The conoid ligament is the key structure restraining scapular protraction that might occur in high-grade AC dislocation. Hence in CC ligament reconstructions involving only single bundle, every attempt must be made to reconstruct conoid part of CC ligament as anatomically as possible.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cadaver* ; Dislocations ; Ligaments* ; Muscles ; Scapula ; Shoulder

No abstract available.
Child* ; Colon* ; Constipation* ; Enema* ; Fecal Incontinence* ; Humans

Eight strains of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella typhi were isolated from Kyonggi area during January-February,1997. They were resistant to ampiciUin, amoxicillin, carbeniciillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim. Eight strains had one plasmid respectively which size was approximately M.W 220 kb and showed same restriction pattern by endonuclease HindIII. The plasmid was similar to the plasmid in size that was related to multidrug resistant S. typhi isolated from southeast Asia. It were transferred by conjugation to recipient E, coli K-12 in frequency of 2.43 x10-4 - 1.73 x 10-2 and transconjugant showed same drug-resistant pattem with donor cells. All of 8 strains produced B-lactamase that was assummed to TEM-1 type by isoelectric focusing and PCR.
Amoxicillin ; Asia, Southeastern ; Chloramphenicol ; Deoxyribonuclease HindIII ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Isoelectric Focusing ; Korea* ; Plasmids* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Salmonella typhi* ; Salmonella* ; Tetracycline ; Tissue Donors ; Trimethoprim

No abstract available.
Lipomatosis*

To study left ventricular diastolic filling in patient with hypertension in different form of left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH), 105 patients with hypertension and 30 normal persons underwent M-mode echocardiography and pulsed Doppler measurement of the left ventricular inflow. From the M-mode echocardiographic measurement of left ventricular dimension, hypertensive patients were subdivided into three grouops : group I(n=27) ; no LVH, group II(n=36) ; concentric LVH, grooup III(n=42) asymmetric septal hypertrophy. From the digitized trace of the pulsed Doppler at the mitral valve level, Doppler diastolic time intervals, peak velocities at rapid filling (E velocity) and atrial contraction(A velocity) and the triangle area under the A velocity(A area) and triagle area under the E velocity(E area) were measured. The peak A velocity(normal subjects ; 0.51+/-0.08m/sec, group I ; 0.73+/-0.14m/sec, group II ; 0.78+/-0.15m/sec, group III ; 0.8+/-0.23 m/sec) and the A area(noral subjects ; 4.71+/-1.64, group I; 6.24+/-1.78, group II ; 7.75+/-2.93, group III ; 8.05+/-3.11) and the peak A/E velocity ratio and the A/E area ratio were significantly different from the normal controls(P<0.01). The peak E velocity(normal subjects ; 0.76+/-0.13, group I ; 0.7+/-0.12, group II ; 0.63+/-0.12, group III ; 0.59+/-0.15m/sec) and E area (normal subjects ; 9.61+/-2.8, group I ; 8.11+/-2.13, group II ; 7.82+/-2.73, group III ; 7.34+/-3.07) were significantly different between hypertensive groups with LVH and normal controls. Doppler time intervals, total area were not different between groups. This study shows that abnormal pattern of left ventricular diastolic filling occur in patients with hypertension and the peak A velocity and the peak A/E velocity ratio and the peak A/E area ratio are the earliest findings that can detectable by Doppler echocardiography.
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Mitral Valve