Cardiovascular measurement on PA teleroentgenogram of the chest is simple, but very useful in the diagnosis,prognosis, and therapy of hypertensive patients. The authors have measured and calculated cardiothoracic ratio,Lt, to Rt. cardiac diameter ratio, and Lt, aortic knob width to thoracic diameter ration for evaluation of theeffect of blood pressure and age in hypertensive group. We used materials of 70mm fluorography of 255 hypertensivemen above 150/90mmHg chosen from national police hospital during Jan. from Aug. 1981. Their age ranged from 20 to50 yeras. The results were as follows. 1. Cardiomegaly (above 50 percents in cardiothoracic ration) ofhypertensive men is 26%. 2. The cardiothoracic ration increased progressively with blood pressure and age, butpooly correlated between cardiothoracic ration and age than blood pressure. 3. The Lt. to Rt. cardiac diameterration gave similar trend to the cardiothoracic ration. It indicates that hypertensive cardiac enlargement mainlydepned on Lt. Ventricular enlargement. 4. The Lt. aortic knob width to thoracic diameter ration increasedprogressively with blood pressure and age, and had linear correlationship with blood pressure and age. Therefore,prominence of aortic knob is the most significant finding in hypertensive cardiovascular disease.
Blood Pressure ; Cardiomegaly ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Humans ; Male ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 ; Police ; Thorax

No abstract available.
Arthrography* ; Wrist*

No abstract available.
Dilatation* ; Kidney* ; Pelvis*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign neoplasm of the parotid gland. It is well known that margin involvement, pseudopod and satellite nodule are factors contributing to recurrence. In this study, we investigated the pathologic characteristics in the parotidectomy specimen of the pleomorphic adenoma. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: From January 2002 to July 2007, 45 patients who were diagnosed as pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland were selected, and their pathologic slides were reviewed by a pathologist. The narrowest resection margin and capsular characteristics such as incomplete capsule, pseudopod and satellite nodule were checked. Also, the relationship between pathologic subtype and the capsular characteristics was analyzed. RESULTS: The narrowest resection margin was related to size and location of the tumor. Smaller tumor had larger resection margin with stastistical significance and tumor located in the superficial lobe had larger resection margin. In pathologic subtypes, capsular characteristics such as incomplete capsule and satellite nodule were more frequent in myxochondroid type. Even in small tumor (<2 cm), capsular characteristics such as satellite nodule and pseudopod were not infrequent. CONCLUSION: Average resection margin was 4 mm but variable. Because the incidence of satellite nodule, pseudopod and incomplete capsule is about 30% in parotid pleomorphic adenoma, the resection of the tumor containing normal parotid tissue is important to reduce the risk of recurrence.
Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Humans ; Incidence ; Parotid Gland ; Recurrence

This retracts the below mentioned article upon the authors' request.

OBJECTIVES: Vaginal birth or trial of labor after previous cesarean section has become one of the most remarkable changes in obstetric practice. The safety and efficacy of a trial of labor and vaginal birth after previous cesarean are well documented. The purpose of this report is to predict the likelihood of vaginal birth in patients undergoing a trial of labor after previous cesarean delivery using factors known at the time of hospital admission. METHOD: In this retrospective study, 120 women who attempted vaginal birth at Kyung-Hee University Hospital from March 1997 to March 1999. An attempt to identify possible prognostic factors for success of such a trial was made and we evaluated the variables of significant predictive value and the patients' characteristics in the success group and failure group of women who attempted VBAC. RESULT: 87 cases(72.5%) in 120 cases succeeded in VBAC and 33 cases(27.5%) failed. In this comparative groups in VBAC, there was significant difference in CPD index(cephalopelvic disproportion index) and Bishop score, but no significant difference in gestational age, the estimated fetal weight by sonography and newborn birth weight. CONCLUSION: In this study, Bishop score and CPD index and age may be useful and valid predictor of success in VBAC and this information could be particularly valuable. The CPD index may prove most important in determining if a vaginal birth should occur after a cesarean section because it can clearly identify some patients who need a repeat cesarean section.
Birth Weight ; Cesarean Section ; Cesarean Section, Repeat ; Female ; Fetal Weight ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Trial of Labor ; Vaginal Birth after Cesarean*

OBJECTIVES: Prenatal testosterone is known to influence both cerebral laterality and 2nd to 4th digit ratio (2D : 4D). Epigenetic changes are thought to play some role in it. We studied sex-related differences between 2D : 4D and cerebral laterality in patients with schizophrenia and controls to examine the effects of prenatal testosterone in the development of schizophrenia. METHODS: Forty one men (18 schizophrenic patients and 23 controls) and 40 women (17 schizophrenic patients and 23 controls) were recruited from one psychiatric hospital in Korea. The 2D : 4D and electroencephalographic (EEG) coherence in 19 channels (66 pairs of interhemispheric coherence and 54 pairs of intrahemispheric coherence) were measured. The sex-related statistical analyses between 2D : 4D and EEG coherence in controls and patients with schizophrenia were performed using multiple regression. RESULTS: In male patients, the relationship between 2D : 4D and right intrahemispheric EEG coherence showed mainly positive correlation in delta and theta frequency bands, while it showed negative correlation in male controls. In female patients, the relationship between 2D : 4D and interhemispheric EEG coherence showed stronger positive correlation in alpha and beta frequency bands, while it showed weaker positive correlation in female controls. CONCLUSIONS: Low prenatal testosterone may play certain roles in altered correlation between 2D : 4D and cerebral laterality in schizophrenia and the development of schizophrenia by epigenetic mechanism.
Electroencephalography ; Epigenomics ; Female ; Hospitals, Psychiatric ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Schizophrenia* ; Testosterone

Bone scan is one of the most frequently performed studies in nuclear medicine with few adverse reactions for the examination of pathologic conditions of bone. Diffuse liver uptake of Technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate (Tc-99m MDP) is a rare occurrence with only a few reports in the literature. Furthermore, there is no report of Tc-99m MDP-induced liver injury. Here we report a case of acute hepatitis with diffusely increased uptake of Tc-99m MDP in a hemodialysis patient.
Diphosphonates ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Liver ; Nuclear Medicine ; Renal Dialysis ; Technetium Tc 99m Medronate

BACKGROUND: Evaluation of clinical performance is an essential area of Medical Licensure Examination. Yet, clinical skills has been neither uniformly well taught nor adequately assessed. This study was done as a part of preliminary study to introduce clinical performance assessment to Korean Medical Licensure Examination. The goals of this study were to identify the potential logistic problems and to examine the feasibility of OSCE to Medical Licensure Examination. METHODS: 48 minutes long OSCE, which consist of eight 5-minute stations, was developed. The same examination was administered to students over a four-week period. RESULTS: Total 26 volunteer fourth-year medical students were tested. 11 students were examined at the first administration and the rest of them were evaluated four-week later. Cronbach alpha of the total stations was 0.52. Any big administration problems were not revealed. There was no significant total score difference between early examinee and later ones. Students evaluated the OSCE contents and process positively. CONCLUSION: To acquire more reliable and valid examination, we need to develop more objective checklist and evaluator and SP training.
Checklist ; Clinical Competence ; Humans ; Licensure, Medical* ; Students, Medical ; Volunteers

A prostate abscess caused by tuberculosis is an uncommon disease, even though the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Korea is relatively high. Nevertheless, it is very severe disease with very high mortality rate. This is a case report of 57-year-old renal transplant patient with prostate abscess secondary due to tuberculosis. The patient developed general malaise with fever of 39oC and diarrhea. He underwent trans-rectal ultrasound and abdominal CAT scan examination, which showed an abnormal abscess collection in the prostate. The prostate abscess was drained using ultrasound guided trans-rectal aspiration and catheter insertion. Tuberculosis was confirmed by the pathology and culture studies and anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy was administered as soon as the tissue diagnosis was made. The patient has been doing well with the anti- tuberculosis treatment procedures for 11 months and has maintained baseline graft function with serum creatinine level of 1.6 mg/dL since the treatment. Anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy should be started as soon as possible after diagnosing the prostate abscess caused by tuberculosis in order to save both the patient and graft.
Abscess* ; Animals ; Catheters ; Cats ; Creatinine ; Diagnosis ; Diarrhea ; Drug Therapy ; Fever ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Pathology ; Prostate ; Transplants ; Tuberculosis* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; Ultrasonography