Bronchogenic cyst is relatively uncommon disease in clinical practice, 15 cases of bronchogenic cyst wereobtained and X-ray findings were analized retrospectively. The results are as follows: 1. 5 patients were symptomfree (30%) and common symptoms and signs were hemoptysis, dyspnea, chest pain in order of frequency. 2. 9 patientswere female and 6 patients were male. The most common age group was 21 years old to 30 years old(40%) and the nexcomon age group was 31 years old to 40 years old (20%) 3. 9 cases of intrapulmonary bronchogenic cyst and 6 casesof mediastinal bronchogenic cyst were obtained. 4. The average size of bronchogenic cyst was about 8x7x6cm. 5. Thecommon location of intrapulmonary bronchogenic cyst was lower lobe (56%) and common x-ray findings was thin walledcyst with air fluid level(78%). 6. Bronchography was performed in 3 cases of intrapulmonary bronchogenic cyst andonly one case demonstrated comunication with bronchus. 7. All 6 cases of mediastinal bronchogenic cyst showed wellmarginated soft tissue mass density. 3 cases were performed CT scanning and average precontrast Hounsfield numberwas 51 unit. No case showed contrast enhancement.
Bronchi ; Bronchogenic Cyst ; Bronchography ; Chest Pain ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Humans ; Mycoplasma* ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Bronchogenic*

PURPOSE: Benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) is one of the most common and benign focal epilepsy syndromes during childhood. In this study, we analyzed the clinical features and electroencephalogram (EEG) of BECT patients to determine if there were any predictive factors for seizures or abnormal EEG findings lasting longer than the average. METHODS: We studied 49 patients who were diagnosed with BECTS at the Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital and were 18 years of age or older at the time of the study. Differences in clinical course according to EEG features, treatment duration, abnormal EEG duration, seizure development period, and time to achieving the first normal EEG were analyzed. RESULTS: Average onset age was 8.3±1.9 years and follow-up duration was 4.2±2.4 years. The average seizure-free age was 9.5±2.0 years, and abnormal EEG-free age was 11.6±2.1 years. Younger-onset patients had a longer duration of medication (P=0.04). Patients who needed shorter time to achieving the first normal EEG had a shorter seizure development period (P=0.02). Patients who did not show typical EEG findings consistent with BECTS had a significantly longer duration of medication (P<0.01) and seizure development period (P=0.02), and abnormal EEG duration (P= 0.01). The ratio of abnormal findings in the first three EEGs was significantly correlated with the seizure development period, abnormal EEG duration, and duration of medication (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Although BECTS is known to take a benign course, the actual clinical course varied from patient to patient, and these variations may be predicted by analyzing clinical factors or EEGs.
Age of Onset ; Child* ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsies, Partial ; Epilepsy* ; Epilepsy, Rolandic ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Jeollanam-do ; Pediatrics ; Seizures

BACKGROUND: Childhood vitiligo is a distinct subset of vitiligo and somewhat different from adulthood vitiligo. However, there are a few published studies that have investigated the clinical aspects of childhood vitiligo in Korea. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical aspects of childhood vitiligo in Korea. METHODS: This clinical investigation was made on 134 outpatients with childhood vitiligo who had visited Department of Dermatology, Our Lady of Mercy Hospital, from January 1992 to December 1999. RESULTS: The results are summarized as follows; 1. Male to female ratio was approximately 1: 1. The mean ages of onset and first visiting were 5 and 6.7 years respectively, and the mean duration of disease was 1.7 years. 2. Only seven patients had vitiligo and one patient had premature graying of hairs among their parents and siblings. 3. There was no known precipitating factor in most cases(93.3%) except in 9 patients. 4. The associated skin diseases were atopic dermatitis(20.9%), poliosis(6.0%), alopecia areata(1.5%), halo nevus(1.5%), and so on. 5. The most common clinical type was localized(51.5%), and then generalized(26.1%), segmental (20.9%), and acrofacial(1.5%) in decreasing order. 6. The sites of frequent involvement were head and neck(56.7%), trunk(42.5%), upper extremity(17.2%), and lower extremity(17.9%). 7. The average 4% of body surface area was involved. During recent 3 months the lesions increased in number and size in 66 patients(49.3%), whereas the lesions were stable in 57 patients(42.5%). 8. The most common clinical differential diagnosis of childhood vitiligo is nevus depigmentosus in 47 patients(35.1%). 9. Twenty-seven patients had past history of previous treatment including topical application of steroid and topical PUVA. CONCLUSION: Based on these clinical findings, childhood vitiligo seems different from adult vitiligo clinically.
Adult ; Alopecia ; Body Surface Area ; Dermatology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Hair ; Head ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Nevus ; Outpatients ; Parents ; Precipitating Factors ; Siblings ; Skin Diseases ; Vitiligo*

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to develop an educational program reflecting the educational needs of Hospice Smart Patient service providers. METHOD: The description, goal, curriculum, method, and process evaluation of the educational program were constructed based on Modified Tyler-type Ends-Means Model followed by the analysis of current curriculum and needs of service providers. RESULTS: The curriculum was constructed based on hospice volunteer program currently offered in Korea and the recommendations of hospice service volunteers and experts. A total of 90 hr was required to complete the curriculum that was composed of 'Introduction to cancer', 'Treatment and treatment complications of cancer', 'Post-treatment nutritional care', 'Helpful information', 'Introduction to hospice and palliative care', 'Comprehension of life and death', 'Holistic hospice and palliative care', 'How to communicate as a smart patient', 'Hospice and ethics', 'Pediatric hospice', 'Bereavement management', and 'Clinical practicum'. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to implement the developed educational program and evaluate its effectiveness, as well as making the service available to a greater number of cancer patients.
Curriculum ; Health Personnel ; Hospices ; Humans ; Korea ; Palliative Care

PURPOSE: To determine the correlation between obstructive coronary artery disease and electron beamtomography coronary artery calcium(EBT CAC) scan and to measure the difference in calcium score according tosymptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-six patients underwent EBT CAC scanning and either coronary angiography orstress thallium 201 scanning or the treadmill test. When the results were positive, coronary artery obstructivedisease(CAOD) was assumed to be present. The patients were divided into three groups : symptomatic CAOD,asymptomatic CAOD, and asymptomatic non- CAOD; those with a previous history of myocardial ischemia or who showedpositive results in any of the three tests relating to typical symptoms of angina were assigned to the symptomaticgroup. RESULTS: The number of cases assigned to group to group 1,2 and 3 was 19, 16 and 21, respectively; totalCAC scores were 571+/-751, 600+/-726 293+/-401, respectively. The difference in CAC score between asymptomatic CAODand asymptomatic non- CAOD was not statistically significant(p=0.079) but in asymptomatic CAOD, the score tendedto be higher. The CAC score was not different between symptomatic and asymptomatic CAOD(p>0.1). When the CACthreshold was 1, sensitivity was 89% and specificity was 14%;when the threshold was 200, sensitivity was 60% andspecificity was 67%. CONCLUSION: When the EBT CAC score is high, further evaluation provides early evidence ofcoronary artery obstructive disease.
Arteries ; Calcium ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Exercise Test ; Humans ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Thallium ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

Recent increase in the incidence of lung cancer often makes it difficult to differentiate between lung cancer and tuberculosis (TB), due to their radiologic similarities. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) has been widely employed for the diagnosis of lung cancer and TB, but the diagnostic accuracy of TB is not high enough. As a rapid screening test for tuberculosis, we evaluated serological tests using Mycobacterium tuberculosis PPD and lipoarabinomannan (LAM) antigens. A total of 95 patients with indication of FNAB cytology from initial CT findings were enrolled. 25 patients had TB, 76 thoracic malignancy, and six (7.9%) of the lung cancer patients also had TB, indicating much higher prevalence of TB in thoracic tumor patients. Antibodies to PPD were elevated in 18 (72.0%) of 25 TB patients and in 22 (31.4%) of 70 patients with thoracic malignancy. In contrast, only 3 (4.7%) of 64 healthy controls aged 40 or above were seropositive to PPD antigen. The prevalence of anti-PPD antibodies in thoracic tumor patients was therefore significantly greater than that amongst the healthy controls (p 0.001, chi-square test). However, no significant difference in the prevalence of anti-LAM antibodies was found between study subjects and controls. This study demonstrates that thoracic tumor patients have significantly elevated antibodies to PPD; therefore, high anti-PPD seroreactivity in thoracic tumor patients should be cautiously interpreted. A longitudinal investigation on seropositive thoracic tumor patients is required to determine the role of the serological test for TB in lung cancer patients.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibodies, Bacterial/*analysis ; Biopsy, Needle ; Female ; Human ; Lipopolysaccharides/*immunology ; Lung Neoplasms/complications/diagnosis/*microbiology ; Male ; Middle Age ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/*immunology ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Tuberculin/*immunology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/complications/diagnosis

PURPOSE: To evaluate the differential CT features found among malignant mesothelioma and pleural metastasis from lung cancer and from extrathoracic primary tumor which on CT mimic malignant mesothelioma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-four patients who on chest CT cans showed pleural thickening suggesting malignant pleural disease and in whom this condition was pathologically confirmed were included in this study. On the basis of their pathologically proven primary disease [malignant mesothelioma (n=14), pleural metastasis of lung cancer (n=18), extrathoracic primary tumor (n=12)]. they were divided into three groups. Cases of lung which on CT showed a primary lung nodule or endobronchial mass with pleural lesion, or manifested only pleural effusion, were excluded. The following eight CT features were retrospectively analyzed: 1) configuration of pleural lesion (type I, single or multiple separate nodules, type II, localized flat pleural thickening, type III, diffuse flat pleural thickening; type IV, type III with pleural nodules superimposed; type V, mass filling the hemithorax), 2) the presence of pleural effusion, 3) chest wall or rib invasion, 4) the involvement of a major fissure, 5) extrapleural fat proliferation, 6) calcified plaque, 7) metastatic lymph nodes, 8) metastatic lung nodules. RESULTS: In malignant mesothelioma, type IV (8/14) or II (4/14) pleural thickening was relatively frequent. Pleural metastasis of lung cancer favored type IV (8/18) or I (6/18) pleural thickening, while pleural metastasis from extrathoracic primary tumor showed a variable thickening configuration, except type V. Pleural metastasis from lung cancer and extrapleural primary tumor more frequently showed type I configuration than did malignant mesothelioma, and there were significant differences among the three groups. Fissural involvement, on the other hand, was significantly more frequent in malignant mesothelioma than in pleural metastasis from lung cancer or extrapleural primary tumor . Metastatic lymph nodes and metastatic lung nodules were significantly more frequent in pleural metastasis from lung cancer and extrapleural primary tumor than in malignant mesothelioma. CONCLUSION: Malignant mesothelioma showed significantly frequent fissural involvement and the frequency with which pleural metastasis from both lung cancer and extrathoracic primary tumor showed type I pleural lesion, metastatic lymph nodes or metastatic lung nodules, was significantly frequent. Even though no CT features for differentiating between pleural metastasis from lung cancer and from extrathoracic primary tumor were found, the CT features stated above would help differentiate malignant mesothelioma from the other two groups.
Hand ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Lymph Nodes ; Mesothelioma* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Pleural Diseases ; Pleural Effusion ; Retrospective Studies ; Ribs ; Thoracic Wall ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the distribution of vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients group is different from that of the control group and whether there is a relationship between VDR genotype and radiographic severity or bone mineral density (BMD) of RA patients. METHODS: The VDR genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction and digestion with three restriction enzymes Taq I, Apa I and Bsm I in 78 healthy women and 97 female RA patients. Hand X-rays were scored by Larsen's method and bone mineral density was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in RA patients. RESULTS: VDR genotypic distributions in Koreans were much different from Caucasians in each control and RA patient groups. Especially, "tt" allele and "BB" allele were very rare, prominently differentiating from Caucasians. But within Koreans, no significant difference of VDR genotypic frequency was observed between control group and RA patients group. And there was no significant relationship of VDR genotype with radiographic scores, nor with BMD scores in RA patients. CONCLUSION: The distribution of VDR polymorphisms in Korean RA patients was not different from controls. The VDR polymorphisms correlate neither with the radiographic severity of RA, nor with BMD scores in Korean RA patients.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Alleles ; Arthritis ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid* ; Bone Density ; Digestion ; Female ; Genotype ; Hand ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, Calcitriol* ; Vitamin D* ; Vitamins*