Tbe presence of certain HPV types in the female genital tract was associated with a number of diseases, including condyloma, cervical, vaginal and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma. It is generally accepted that these viruses are predominantly sexually transmitted. HPV cannot be cultured in vitro, and immunological tests are inadequate. Indirect evidence of anogenital HPV infection can be obtained through the physical examination and by the presence of characteristic cellular changes associated with viral replication in Pap smear or biopsy specimens. Alternately cervical scrapes can be analyzed by nucleic acid hybridization to directly detect the presence of HPV DNA, Historically, HPV 16 and HPV 18 have been regarded as high risk cancer associated HPVs and HPV types 6, 11, 42, 43 and 44 as low risk HPVs. Subsequently HPV types 31, 33, 34, 35, 45, 51, 52, 56 and 58 have been demonstrated to have and intemediate association with cancer, This study was performed for high and intermediate types HPV DNA detection on cervical carcinoma with Virapap Probe B. HPV DNA were detected 82.3% on cervical carcinoma and 7,1% on control samples. HPV DNA test will be apply as a triage for cervical cancer detecting test.
Biopsy ; DNA ; Female ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; Human papillomavirus 18 ; Human Papillomavirus DNA Tests ; Humans* ; Immunologic Tests ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Papilloma* ; Physical Examination ; Triage ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

We tested 97 middle-aged gynecologic outpatients and inpatients with normal cervix, cervical mass or cervical ectopia for isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis using the enzyme-immunoassay method. With the classification of symptom, 4% of asymptomatic patients and 24% of symptomatic patients were chlamydial positive result and not significantly patients with vulva itch or postcoital bleeding had relatively high prevalence rate among the symptomatic patients. According to the endocervical content or ectocervical appearance, the difference of prevalence rate were a little, but according to ectocervical appearance under the pathologic endocervical content, the patients with mass or ectopy on ectocervix had considerably high prevalence rate. When 70% of the patients were compared with the results of papanicolaou smear, between the patients with class U, V and with class I. II III, no significant difference was found. The results of this study indicate that it seemed to be desirable to isolate the C. trachomatis under the findings of ectopy or mass on the ectocervix with mucopurulent, purulent or bloody content of endocervix. The prevalence rate was turned out to be considerably high. Since the results were obtained using the sample of middle aged women, it is expected that the rate would higher in younger women, sexually active. At any rate, further studies using larger sized samples are desired.
Cervix Uteri ; Chlamydia trachomatis* ; Chlamydia* ; Classification ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Middle Aged ; Outpatients ; Papanicolaou Test ; Prevalence ; Vulva

High plasma levels of prolactin induced by transplants of four donor pituitaries under kidney capsule in adult male rat resulted in suppression of the plasma levels of testosterone, decreased numbers of Leydig cells and decreased height of prostatic glandular cells. In contrast low plasma levels of prolactin induced by treatment with bromoceiptine in adult male rat resulted in increased plasma levels of testosterone, increased number of Leydig cells and increased height of prostatic glandular cells. The area of the seminiferous tubule was not changed under any circumstance. And the basal plasma levels of testosterone in testicular vein were proportioned to its levels in I.V.C. It suggests that adrenal gland has minimal effects on action of prolactin to gonad. The change of basal plasma level of testosterone accompanied by the change of numbers of Leydig cells under induced hyperprolactinemia and hypoprolactinemia suggest that prolactin affects the testis including the anatomical change. These results support that hyperprolactinemia appear to sensitize the hypothalamic-pituitary axis to the negative feedback effects of gonadal steroids and that bromocriptine has indirect or direct effects on steroidogenesis of testis.
Adrenal Glands ; Adult ; Animals ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Bromocriptine ; Gonads* ; Humans ; Hyperprolactinemia ; Kidney ; Leydig Cells ; Male* ; Plasma ; Prolactin ; Rats* ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Steroids ; Testis ; Testosterone ; Tissue Donors ; Veins

No abstract available.
Cartilage* ; Glutaral* ; Rabbits* ; Transplants*

Dysgenetic male pseudohermaphroditism is a disorder of sexual differentiation in which patient with bilateral dysgenetic tests, persistent Mullerian structures, cryptorchidism and inadequate virilization. We experienced one case of dysgenetic male pseudohermaphroditism with 45,XO/46,XY mosaicism and hypothalamic dysfunction, so we reports this case with a brief review of the literatures.
46, XY Disorders of Sex Development* ; Cryptorchidism ; Disorders of Sex Development ; Humans ; Male* ; Mosaicism ; Sex Differentiation ; Virilism

BACKGROUND: This study is aimed to analyze the results of aeromedical consultation of ROKAF for recent 10 years. METHODS: We reviewed the records of all ROKAF rated personnel who developed a medical problem requiring aeromedical consultation during the period from 1991 to 2000. RESULTS: We collected 263 cases. The most frequent clinical categories were ENT and musculoskeletal problems. In the group of fighter pilots, 30 cases were classified into permanent grounding. Chronic hepatitis and Herniated disc were the main causes. In the group of undergraduate pilots, aerotitis media by high altitude flight and airsickness by high performance flight, were the main causes. CONCLUSION: According to this study, we need to reinforce the supervision about the revealed major causes.
Altitude ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; Motion Sickness ; Organization and Administration

Norfloxacin is a new broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram. negative bacteria. After oral administration of Norfloxacin, it produces high concentrations in the urine, so it has the excellent effect for the treatment of urinary tract infection. Norfloxacin was studied with respect to clinical effect in 115 patients with the urinary tract infection and the following results were obtained. 1. Excellent efficacy was 53% and efficacy rate was 90% in upper urinary tract infection(UTI). Efficacy rate for 20 patients with upper UTI without the underlying disease was 100%, and in 29 patients with underlying disease efficacy rate was 83%. 2. In upper UTI resistant for other antibiotics, efficacy rate was 78%. 3. In lower UTI excellent efficacy rate was 36% and efficacy rate was 71%. In gonococcal urethritis excellent efficacy rate was 76% and efficacy rate was 88%. 4. Eliminated rate of bacteria on culture findings were E. coli 93%, pseudononas 89%, proteus 100%, klebsiella 80%, gonococcus 88% and staphylococcus 80%. 5. Mild side effects such as epigastric pain, nausea, dizziness and itching sensation were seen in 5 cases. We consider Neutam-400 is one of the most effective agents in urinary tract infection.
Administration, Oral ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria ; Dizziness ; Humans ; Klebsiella ; Nausea ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; Norfloxacin ; Proteus ; Pruritus ; Sensation ; Staphylococcus ; Urethritis ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

No abstract available.
Agaricales* ; Anemia, Aplastic* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Fungemia*

The following conclusions deduced from the data of upper limbs injured persons 966 (total: 2,294) who visited first aid center located in ski resort in Kangwon province during every winter season from 2004 to 2008. The researcher themselves looked into the data accumulated and organized with respect to frequent types, and frequent parts of upper limbs injury. The most frequently injured body parts found from this investigation were upper limbs (42.1%), trunk region (30.7%), lower limbs (27.2%) in order. The injury of upper limbs (42.1%, n=966) was the most frequently cited snowboard injury. Among the patients of upper limbs injury, the male comprised of 23.9% (n=549) and female comprised 18.2% (n=417). The common parts of injuries were hands (50.3%, n=486) and shoulder (17.6%, n=170). the general types of injury of hands were fracture (15.4%, n=149), sprain and ligament injury (13.0%, n=126), dislocation (12.5%, n=121), contusion (7.9%, n=76), laceration (1.4%, n=14) in order.
Contusions ; Dislocations ; Female ; First Aid ; Hand ; Health Resorts ; Human Body ; Humans ; Lacerations ; Ligaments ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Seasons ; Shoulder ; Skiing ; Sprains and Strains ; Upper Extremity