PURPOSE: This study was performed to identify the effect of admission type on college adaptation and academic achievement in one nursing school in order to refine the entrance selection system. METHODS: Subjects were 405 nursing students (female : male = 385 : 20, first grade = 155, second grade = 138, third grade = 112). They were given the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ) purchased from Western Psychological Service. SACQ is composed of 67 questions and subdivided into 4 subcategories: academic adjustment, social adjustment, personal-emotional adjustment, and attachment. Student college adaptation scores and academic achievements were analyzed with reference to the entrance selection system (rolling admission vs. regular admission) by SPSS 22.0. The rolling admission system recruited students based on high school records only while the regular admission system was based on both high school records and the College Scholastic Ability Test (CSAT). RESULTS: Total College adaptation score, personal-emotional adjustment score, and academic achievement were higher in regular-admission students than in those admitted through rolling admission. Academic achievement for first-grade students was higher in regular-admission students than for those admitted through rolling admission, But the difference in academic achievement became null as students were promoted to the second and third grades. CONCLUSION: Students recruited using both high school records and the CSAT showed better college adaptation and higher academic achievement.
Humans ; Male ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Schools, Nursing* ; Social Adjustment ; Students, Nursing

Despite the wide acceptance of endovascular aneurysmal repair in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (EVAR), stringent morphologic criteria recommended by manufacturers may preclude this treatment in patients with AAA. The purpose of this study was to investigate how many patients are feasible by Zenith and Excluder stent graft system, which are available in Korea. Eighty-two AAA patients (71 men, mean age 70 yr) who had been treated surgically or medically from January 2005 to December 2006 were included. Criteria for morphologic suitability (MS) were examined to focus on characteristics of aneurysm; proximal and distal landing zone; angulation and involvement of both iliac artery aneurysms. Twenty-eight patients (34.1%) were feasible in Zenith stent graft and 31 patients (37.8%) were feasible in Excluder. The patients who were excluded EVAR had an average of 1.61 exclusion criteria. The main reasons for exclusion were an unfavorable proximal neck (n=34, 41.5%) and problem of distal landing zone (n=25, 30.5%). There was no statistical significance among gender, age or aneurysm size in terms of MS. Only 32 patients (39%) who had AAA were estimated to be suitable for two currently approved grafts by strict criteria. However, even unfavorable AAA patients who have severe co-mobidities will be included in EVAR in the near future. Therefore, more efforts including fine skill and anatomical understanding will be needed to meet these challenging cases.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology/*surgery ; *Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

PURPOSE: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is currently the treatment of choice for gallbladder disease. Previous abdominal surgery was considered as a relative contraindication for laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to the presence of intraabdominal adhesion and the difficulty in visualization. Several recent studies have suggested that previous abdominal surgery is no longer a contraindication for laparoscopic surgery by virtue of the accumulation of surgeons' experience and the evolution of laparoscopic instruments. In this study, we evaluated the impact of previous upper abdominal surgery on laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: The data of 706 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy from September 2004 to December 2007 was retrospectively analyzed. Thirty-three patients had undergone pervious upper abdominal surgery and 673 patients had not. We compared the operative time, the type of trocar that was used, the postoperative complications, the frequency of open conversion and the length of the postoperative hospital stay between the two groups RESULTS: The operative time was longer (141.8+/-88.7 min vs. 74.1+/-37.4 min, p<0.001) and larger trocars were used more often (p<0.001) in the previous upper abdominal surgery group. There was no significant difference in the open conversion rate, the major postoperative complication rate and the length of the postoperative hospital stay. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy might be an optimal treatment for patients with a history of previous upper abdominal surgery. Previous upper abdominal surgery is not a contraindication for laparoscopic cholecystectomy when it is performed by experienced laparoscopic surgeons.
Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ; Gallbladder Diseases ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Instruments ; Virtues

PURPOSE: The goal of periodontal regenerative therapy is to replace bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament on a previously diseased root surface, which has suffered the loss of these supporting structures. To accomplish the regeneration, a number of surgical procedures have been advocated throughout the years. There seems to be a potential for some spontaneous periodontal tissue regeneration in the bottom of periodontal defect following open flap debridement alone. The aim of this study was to analyse the radiographic bone changes over 2-year after flap operation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients attending the department of periodontics of Kyungpook National University Hospital were studied. Patients had clinical and radiographic evidence of infrabony defect(s). forty two sites of 33 patients aged 26 to 65 (mean age 45.5) were treated by flap operation with or without osseous surgery. Baseline and over 2-year follow-up radiographs were collected and evaluated for this study. Radiographic assessment includes a bone fill, bone crest change, defect resolution, and % of defect resolution. Pre- and post-treatment differences between variables (maxilla and mandible, gender, defect depth, defect angle) using the paired t-test were examined. RESULT: We observed 0.74 mm of bone fill, 0.66 mm of crestal resorption, 1.40 mm of defect resolution, and 27% of percentage of defect resolution. Mandible, women, deeper initial defect depth, narrower initial defect angle showed greater bone fill, defect resolution, and % of defect resolution. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that the use of flap operation did enhance the outcome in terms of radiographically detectable bone fill. Both treatment resulted in some loss of crestal bone height.
Aged ; Debridement ; Dental Cementum ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mandible ; Periodontal Ligament ; Periodontics ; Periodontitis ; Regeneration

The purpose of this study were to obtain the prevalence of the physically disabled order as a basic data for the planning of Community-Based Rehabilitation in a rural community and to evaluate the seventy of the physically disabled by according to the physical disability grade. The total residents in the community were surveyed to in May 1996. The prevalence of the physically disabled was 6.92% of the total population. The male: female ratio was 1:0.7. The most freguent age for the on set of physical disability was sixties and this group represented 35.5% of all physical disabilities. The majority of the physically disabled was graded an 10 th, 11 th, 12 th grade. The prevalence of the physically disabled in this study was higher than that a the previous study due to the inclurion of more mild disability groups were important in the prevalence of the physically disabled.
Disabled Persons* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence* ; Rehabilitation ; Rural Population*

PURPOSE: To determine the diagnostic value of CT-guided biopsy or aspiration of the spine and paraspinal soft tissue in infectious spondylitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2000 and June 2002, 58 patients underwent 67 biopsies and/or aspirations under CT guidance to identify the organism causing infectious spondylitis, and were included in this study. Nine underwent rebiopsy. In all patients, MR images were available before biopsy and/or aspiration. In 63 of 67 procedures, the specimens or aspirates obtained were prepared for culture and smear, and for histological examination, four procedures involved aspiration only. In ten patients with suspected tuberculosis, a polymerase chain reaction test was performed. For all procedures, the transpedicular, transcostovertebral or paravertebral route was involved, according to the level and shape of the lesions, and 14-, 16-, or 18-gauge core biopsy needles and/or 20-gauge aspiration needles were employed. Lesions invloved a paravertebral (n=17), psoas (n=8) or epidural (n=1) abscess; an intervertebral disc (n=20); or a vertebral body (n=21). The levels at the mid-thoracic spine were T4-T10 (n=11); at the thoracolumbar junction, T11-L1 (n=14); at the lumbar spine, L1-L4 (n=25); and at the lumbo-sacral junction, L5-S1 (n=17). In nine of 58 patients, rebiopsy was performed. RESULTS: Diagnosis was confirmed in 22 of 58 patients (38%), and was as follows: tuberculous spondylitis (n=17), pyogenic spondylitis (n=4), and fungal spondylitis (n=1). Thirty-six unconfirmed cases were diagnosed as nonspecific inflammation (n=21), fibrosis involving cortical bone (n=1), necrotic material (n=5) and inadequate specimen without evidence of malignancy (n=9). Only one of the nine cases in which biopsy was repeated was confirmed as tuberculous spondylitis. Diagnosis was confirmed in 7 of 17 paravertebral abscesses (41%), 8 of 21 vertebral bodies (38%), 6 of 20 intervertebral discs (30%) and 1 of 8 psoas abscesses (13%). CONCLUSION: In infectious spondylitis, the overall diagnostic yield of CT-guided needle biopsy and/or aspiration is relatively low, but the procedure seems to be effective for excluding malignancy. In identifying the organisms involved in infectious spondylitis, a paravertebral lesion is in a more favoured location than a psoas lesion.
Abscess ; Aspirations (Psychology) ; Biopsy ; Biopsy, Needle* ; Diagnosis ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Intervertebral Disc ; Needles* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Psoas Abscess ; Spine ; Spondylitis* ; Tuberculosis

OBJECTIVE: There has been a limited investigation looking into the correlation between pericardial fat and abdominal fat with coronary artery disease (CAD) as measured by coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA). We proposed that the volume of pericardial fat is larger in patients with CAD than in patients without CAD, and sought to determine which abdominal adiposity index best correlated with pericardial fat volume. METHODS: Participants were examined using CCTA between October 2007 and January 2008. All participants had no previous history of CAD. Pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) volume, abdominal total adipose tissue volume, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue volume, and abdominal visceral adipose tissue (AVAT) volume were measured using CCTA. RESULTS: Fifty patients (26.5%) demonstrated CAD, and 139 patients did not demonstrate CAD by CCTA. PAT volume in patients with CAD was larger than that of patients without CAD (173.2+/-64.2 cm3 vs. 147.6+/-50.4 cm3, p<0.01). However, indices of abdominal adiposity were not significantly different between the two groups. Using multivariable analysis, independent predictors of CAD were PAT volume (odds ratio [OR] 1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.02, p=0.04), coronary artery calcium score (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.01, p<0.01), and typical chest pain (OR 4.88, 95% CI 1.47-16.21, p=0.01). AVAT volume showed a linear correlation with PAT volume. CONCLUSION: PAT volume was an independent predictor of CAD as measured by CCTA. PAT volume was also well correlated with the AVAT volume among the indices of abdominal adiposity.
Abdominal Fat ; Adipose Tissue ; Adiposity ; Angiography ; Calcium ; Chest Pain ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels ; Humans ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal

Intussusception frequently occurs in children as the main causes of intestinal obstruction in childhood but relatively rare in adult. A 65-year-old male visited our hospital because of abrupt onset right lower quadrant pain with tenderness for three days. He had a previous history of appendectomy and alcoholic liver cirrhosis. On physical exam, bowel sound was decreased. Abdomen ultrasonography showed a kidney like mass and abdominal computed tomography revealed the typical target lesion in the ileocecal area. Colonoscopy was performed which failed to find any lesion leading to intussusception. After the colonoscopy, the abdminal pain had disappeared, and we would not find any intussusception sign by abdominal ultrasonography. Colonocopy was done two weeks later. No pathologic lesion was found, then. We report a case of adult idiopathic ileocecal intussusception reduced by colonoscopy.
Abdomen ; Adult* ; Aged ; Appendectomy ; Child ; Colonoscopy* ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Intussusception* ; Kidney ; Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic ; Male ; Ultrasonography

Primary granulomatous hypophysitis is a rare inflammatory disorder of the pituitary gland and patients commonly present with symptoms of sellar compression and hypopituitarism. A 48-year-old woman was admitted due to headache and fatigue. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a 21 x 18 x 13-mm round sellar mass with a thickened pituitary stalk. The endocrinological examination revealed panhypopituitarism and diabetes insipidus. Suspecting hypophysitis, the patient was given steroid and hormone replacement therapy. Six months later, she continued to complain of severe headaches and nausea. Computed tomography showed no significant change in the sellar mass. Subsequently, transsphenoidal surgery was performed. The pathological examination revealed granulomatous changes with multinucleated giant cells and primary granulomatous hypophysitis was diagnosed. Her headache resolved, but the pituitary functions did not improve. This is the first reported case in Korea of primary granulomatous hypophysitis with dysfunction of anterior and posterior pituitary gland, including the stalk, without optic chiasm compression.
Diabetes Insipidus ; Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic* ; Fatigue ; Female ; Giant Cells ; Headache ; Hormone Replacement Therapy ; Humans ; Hypopituitarism ; Korea ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Nausea ; Optic Chiasm ; Pituitary Gland ; Pituitary Gland, Posterior

A prospective and longitudinal investigation concerning clinical outcomes and morphologic changes of large lumbar disc herniations by MR imaging. To compare the clinical outcomes and the natural morphologic changes of between sequestered and large central extruded disc herniations. The spontaneous disappearance or diminution of large herniated lumbar discs in the spinal canal is known. Poor clinical outcome and small changes of herniated discs have been shown for large central extruded disc herniations with conservative treatment. The study population consisted of 22 patients with sequestration and a large central as extrusion established by an MR imaging study. Seventeen (11 patients with sequestration, and 6 patients with a large central extrusion) patients underwent a follow-up MR imaging study. The size of the herniated disc was measured on serial MR imaging studies, and the changes in size were classified into four categories. Clinical evaluations were also performed using a visual analogue scale (VAS), the Oswestry lowback pain disability questionnaire, the straight leg raising test (SLRT) and so forth. Both the sequestered and large central extruded disc herniations showed a successful clinical outcome after conservative treatment in 17 of 22 patients (77%) in total: 11 of 13 patients (85%) with sequestered disc herniations, and 6 of 9 patients (67%) with large central extruded disc herniations. VAS and Oswestry disability scoring showed a greater change in the group with sequestration than in the group with large central extrusions. In the group with sequestration, seven patients reported the disappearance of herniated disc materials, and four patients showed a marked decrease in the size of their herniated discs in follow-up MR images. However, in the group with large central extrusions, only two patients showed a decrease in the size of their herniated discs. Large central extruded disc herniations can be treated successfully by conservative treatment. Outcomes seemed to be as good as or slightly inferior to those of sequestered disc herniations. However, a greater morphologic decrease in the herniated discs occurred more frequently for sequestered disc herniations than for large central extruded disc herniations.
Adult ; Aged ; Comparative Study ; Female ; Human ; Intervertebral Disk Displacement/*diagnosis/*therapy ; Longitudinal Studies ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Age ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome