OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop a web-based exercise program based on a preliminary survey and to evaluate its effect for promotion of exercise among chronic patients. METHODS: For the preliminary survey, an investigation of internet use among chronic patients and a review of existing 20 exercise-related web-sites were undertaken. The web-site was developed and evaluated by user satisfaction with the site and expert validity. To evaluate the effect of the site, exercise stage and commitment to a plan for exercise were compared before and after using the site. RESULTS: The content of the web-site included exercise and health, exercise prescription, chronic disease and exercise, and my page. The users rated 3.89 for system, 3.81 for content, and 3.60 for design in the satisfaction with the site. Experts rated 4.62 for feedback and privacy, 4.31 for purpose, 4.23 for authorship, 3.76 for content, 3.71 for design, 3.62 for functionality in the evaluation of the site. The commitment to a plan for exercise after using the site was significantly higher than that before using it. CONCLUSION: This site can be facilitated to enhance physical activity for chronic patients and further effort to continuously use and revise the site is recommended.
Authorship ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Internet ; Motor Activity ; Prescriptions ; Privacy ; Program Development*

No abstract available.
Sphenoid Bone*

No abstract available.
Drug Therapy* ; Lung*

BACKGROUND: To determine whether multiple short-term surveillances are as effective as long-term surveillance for estimating the incidence rates of nosocomial infections (NIs), we prospectively performed 9-month surveillance in four intensive care units (ICUs). METHODS: NI surveillance was performed prospectively from November 2002 through July 2003, with long-term surveillance performed over the 9-month period, and short-term surveillance performed during the middle 3 weeks of each calendar quarter. The incidence rate of NIs or device-associated infections was calculated as the number of infections per 1,000 patient-days or device-days. RESULTS: We observed no significant differences between the incidence rates of total NIs determined from these two methods (9.6 [CI95 8.2-11.3] vs 10.4 [CI95 7.5-14.4], P=.66). In addition, these two methods did not differ significantly in estimating the rates of ventilator-associated pneumonia (5.1 [CI95 3.4-7.6] vs 7.5 [CI95 3.8-15.0], P=.35), catheter-associated urinary tract infection (2.4 [CI95 1.7-3.4] vs 1.7 [CI95 0.7-4.1], P=.47), and central line-associated bloodstream infection (2.2 [CI95 1.4-3.4] vs 3.7 [CI95 1.9-7.4], P=.21). Plotting of the NI rates showed that the trends in multiple short-term surveillances were similar to those in long-term surveillance, except in one ICU. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that multiple short-term surveillances could replace long-term surveillance in estimating the baseline incidence rates of NIs in the circumstances of the relatively large number of patients in the ICUs, which would be especially useful in countries with limited resources.
Cross Infection* ; Epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infection Control ; Intensive Care Units ; Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated ; Prospective Studies ; Urinary Tract Infections

Although the same traumatic stress was experienced, the presenting symptoms and their severity might be different. The difference could be associated with the coping style. Thus we were interested in which coping style is more efficient in dealing with stress. Among the 624 survivors of Sampoong Accident we selected active coping group(n=67) and passive coping group(n=63) using the Ways of Coping Checklist. These two groups were compared on scores in Beck Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Impact of Event Scale, MMPI, and 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire. The passive coping group reported that they were more anxious and depressive, and they showed more intrusive thought about traumatic stress, denial, and vulnerable factors of personality than active coping group. These results suggest that active coping style such as problem-focused coping and seeking social supports is more efficient and successful in case as Sampoong Accident. Therefore, for the survivors of extremely traumatic accident, training of active coping skills can be helpful for rehabilitation and adaptation in everyday life.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Anxiety ; Checklist ; Denial (Psychology) ; Depression ; Humans ; MMPI ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Rehabilitation ; Survivors*

PURPOSE: Combined with vitreoretinal surgery, silicone oil endotamponade has become a standard technique and improved the prognosis of complex retinal diseases. To improve success rate of silicone oil endotamponade, the authors analysed complications and associated with other variables. METHODS: The authors analysed 90 cases of silicone oil endotamponade (102 eyes), all operated by one surgeon from 1995 to 2000 and followed-up over 6 months. The series consisted of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (48 eyes), complex retinal detachment (33 eyes), proliferative vitreoretinpathy (11 eyes) and ocular trauma (10 eyes). Analysed variables were preoperative visual acuity, rubeosis iridis, nuber of operations, duration of tamponade, emulsification of silicone oil, lentile status, anterior proliferative vitreoretinpathy, keratopathy, change of ocular tension, redetachment, macular degeneration and electroretinogram. RESULTS: Anatomic success was achieved in 95 of 102 eyes (93.1%) and functional success was achieved in 66 eyes (64.7%). Change of ocular tension over 10mmHg, anterior proliferative vitreoretinpathy and anatomical failure were statistically significant prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: Silicone oil endotamponade is an effective measure for complex retinal diseases, but its complication has always been an issue. If these complications can well be kept under the control, silicone oil endotamponade will become more widely used surgical modality.
Diabetic Retinopathy ; Endotamponade* ; Intraocular Pressure ; Lens Plant ; Macular Degeneration ; Prognosis ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Diseases ; Silicone Oils* ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreoretinal Surgery

Recurrent iritis and oral/genital ulcers have been described for the first time as a separate pathological entity by the Turkish dermatologist Hulusi Behcet. Behcet disease is a chronic, multi-systemic disorder, which affects many organs as a result of vasculitis. The clinical manifestations are divided into two groups: major (oral ulcers, eye lesions, genital ulcerations, and skin lesions) and minor (arthritis, gastrointestinal lesions, epididymitis, thrombophlebitis, and central nervous system involvement) criteria. The incidence of hearing loss in Behcet disease has been reported as 12% to 80% in several studies. A 37-year-old man diagnosed as Behcet disease was admitted to our department with complaints of profound right hearing loss and dizziness. He was treated with steroid without improvement. After one year, he suffered from complete hearing loss on the left side. A temporal bone CT scan revealed right cochlear ossification. Cochlear implantation was performed within 4 weeks after the completion of steroid therapy in the left cochlea, which was partially obstructed by fibrotic tissue. However, the electrode was fully inserted without resistance. Wound healing complications were not encountered in the postoperative period. The hearing threshold was restored to 30 dBHL, while speech discrimination did not improve as much as expected. We propose that the routine hearing examinations be employed in the evaluation and management of Behcet disease. According to our experience, we find that cochlear implantation should be carried out at an early stage, before the development of labyrinthine ossification.
Adult ; Behcet Syndrome* ; Central Nervous System ; Cochlea ; Cochlear Implantation* ; Cochlear Implants* ; Deafness ; Dizziness ; Electrodes ; Epididymitis ; Hearing ; Hearing Loss ; Humans ; Incidence ; Iritis ; Male ; Postoperative Period ; Skin ; Speech Perception ; Temporal Bone ; Thrombophlebitis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ulcer ; Vasculitis ; Wound Healing

PURPOSE: This study was aimed to compare the survival and success rates, and long-term crestal bone loss according to the use of 2 connection types of dental implants (submerged-USII and non-submerged-SSII; Osstem Implant®) by analyzing the change in alveolar bone height after 1 year under load and during final follow-up period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between December 2004 and August 2008, patients with two types of Osstem implants (USII and SSII) were retrieved retrospectively. A total of 92 patients with 284 implants (USII=60, SSII=224) was finally selected. Their mean follow-up period was 7.5 years. The mesial and distal alveolar crestal bone changes were measured using radiographic images and the average was calculated at 1 year after loading and during final follow-up period. RESULT: Among the 284 implants, 4 USII and 7 SSII implants were removed, indicating 93.3% and 96.9% survival rates. Of the survived implants, mean crestal bone loss 1 year after loading was 0.39 mm for USII and 0.19 mm for SSII (P=0.018). During the final follow-up, mean crestal bone loss was 0.63 mm and 0.35 mm for USII and SSII, respectively, without statistical significance (P=0.092). According to the criteria for the success and failure of the implant by Albreksson and colleagues, final success rate was estimated as 86.7% for USII and 91.5% for SSII, respectively. CONCLUSION: At 1 year after loading, the average crestal bone loss was significantly different between USII and SSII; however, both types met the criteria for implant success. During the final follow-up, both groups showed insignificant bone resorption patterns and did not show any pathological clinical symptoms. Therefore, both implants exhibited high long-term stability.
Alveolar Bone Loss ; Bone Resorption ; Clinical Study ; Dental Implant-Abutment Design ; Dental Implants ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of treatment of non-odontogenic atypical orofacial pain using botulinum toxin-A. METHODS: This study involved seven patients (seven females, mean age 65.1 years) who had non-odontogenic orofacial pain (neuropathic pain and atypical orofacial pain) and visited the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital between 2015 and 2017. All medication therapies were preceded by botulinum toxin-A injections, followed by injections in the insignificant effects of medication therapies. Five of the seven patients received intraoral injections in the gingival vestibule or mucosa, while the remaining two received extraoral injections in the masseter and temporal muscle areas. RESULTS: In five of the seven patients, pain after botulinum toxin-A injection was significantly reduced. Most of the patients who underwent surgery for dental implantation or facial nerve reconstruction recovered after injections. However, the pain did not disappear in two patients who reported experiencing persistent pain without any cause. CONCLUSIONS: The use of botulinum toxin-A for the treatment of non-odontogenic neuropathic orofacial pain is clinically useful. It is more effective to administer botulinum toxin-A in combination with other medications and physical therapy to improve pain. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s40902-018-0159-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Botulinum Toxins ; Dental Implantation ; Dental Implants ; Facial Nerve ; Facial Pain ; Female ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Temporal Muscle

Recent literatures suggest that pulmonary embolus secondary to renal cell cancer may be more common than previously suspected. A 63-year-old man, who suffered a massive tumor embolism to the right main pulmonary artery after surgery for renal cell carcinoma with vena caval and renal vein invasion, was treated by emergency pulmonary embolectomy using cardiopulmonary bypass. Renal cell carcinoma occasionally extends into the inferior vena cava as a tumor thrombus. In such patients, removal of the tumor thrombus from the inferior vena cava has to be performed in addition to radical nephrectomy. However, the massive pulmonary tumor embolism is a major potential hazard during radical surgical resection. To prevent intraoperative pulmonary embolisms, scheduled use of cardiopulmonary bypass with the cooperation of cardiovascular surgeons is recommended in addition to the standard proximal vena caval occlusion technique of clipping and clamping.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Constriction ; Embolectomy ; Embolism ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating* ; Nephrectomy ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Renal Veins ; Thrombosis ; Vena Cava, Inferior