Objectives: Endoscopic variceal ligation is well established metbod of treatment for esophageal varices whereas for gastric varices there has not been any systematic report of its use as a method of treatment. To evaluated its possible clinical application, the band ligation(banding) and the method of band ligation in conjuction with submucosal ethanolamine injection(banding with sclero) were tested on canine stomach, and results were assessed.
Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; Ethanolamine ; Ligation* ; Rubber* ; Stomach

At the Neurological Department of Maryknoll Hospital in Busan, Korea, a total of 16, 805 cases were treated over a 10 year period, and of these 28 cases were considered to be cases of multiple sclerosis. The cases were classified according to the 1972 Japan National MS Research Committee. As stated in previous literature, MS is an uncommon disease in the orient. The present report gives a review of the clinical characteristics observed in the cases studies. The chief complaints at onset were found to be numbness and paresthesia, visual impairment, gait disturbance, motor weakness, sphincter disturbance and so forth, in that order, which differ slightly from the Asian series. A comparison was made between the present study and that of C.S.Park in 1968, showing a 0.1% decrease in frequency in the present study. The number of ALS and MG cases diagnosed during the same period was also reported.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Busan* ; Gait ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Japan ; Korea* ; Multiple Sclerosis* ; Paresthesia ; Prevalence* ; Vision Disorders

Objective: Menstruation is a great part as the procedure for physiological, psychological development and physical growth, and menstrual disorders are very common problems in adolescence period. these problems can be resolved by interview or appropriate education of normal pubertal development. However unlike other developed countries, systematic report or appropriate education for menstruation may not be performed in our country. Therefore. our pediatric department investigated for menstruation of normal pubertal age women as an information educating adolescence. Methods: In cross-sectional study (ex, questionnaire), 4112 junior high and high school girl students (12~18 years old) in Ansan, Kyungki-do were investigated for menarcheal age, menstrual cycle, duration, amount, premenstrual syndrome, dysmenorrhea and relation to family history. Resulta: 1) Mean Menarcheal age was 12.9+/-1.2 years. According to menarcheal age by present age, menarcheal age was younger when present age was young as menarcheal age 11.8+/-0.6 years at 12 years, 13.3+/-1.1 years at 16 years, and 13.7+/-1.1 years at 18 years, respectively (p<0.001). 2) The month during which menarche occurs most frequently was August (14.7%), followed by July, December and January. 3) Considering menstrual cycle, mixed type (regular and irregular cycle) was most common (39.0%), and menstrual cycle became regular after mean 8.8+/-8.4 months. 4) In women having regular menstrual cycle, most women (53.l0%) had menstrual cycles between 26 and 30 days, next was 21~25 days and 31~35 days according to frequency. 5) Menstrual duration was 5~6 days by 49.6% of the women. 6) Premenstrual syndrome was noted in 56.0% of the women, in that 42.5% experienced occasionally and 13.5% always, respectively. 7) Dysmenorrhea was showed in 85.0% of the women. A total of 63.7% of the respondents suffered from dysmenorrhea was unaffected on daily activity as grade l and was needed no medication to relieve pain. Grade 2 (20.5%) was defined that limited daily activity and was needed medication to relieve pain. Grade 3 (0.9%) was defined that inhibited daily activity seriously, and was unimproved by analgesics. 8) The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 78.0% at 12 years, 85.9% at 15 years and 94.0% at 18 years, respectively. Getting older, frequency of dysmenorrhea was increasing. 9) Dysmenorrhea was experienced for the first time during the first year after the menarche by 65.3% of the women. The amount of menstrual bleeding was significantly correlated to the severity of dysmenorrhea (P<0.001), and dysmenorrhea reported by the women was singificantly correlated to maternal dysmenorrhea (p<0.01) and to sisters with dysmenorrhea (p<0.001). Conclusions: We found that Korean adolescent girls had earlier menarcheal age than past period, and they had many problems for menstruation. This study suggested that it may be needed adolescent education and appropriate treatment of menstrual disorders.
Adolescent ; Analgesics ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Developed Countries ; Dysmenorrhea ; Education ; Female ; Female* ; Gyeonggi-do* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Menarche ; Menstrual Cycle ; Menstruation* ; Premenstrual Syndrome ; Prevalence ; Siblings

No abstract available.
Animals ; Ear, Middle* ; Graphite* ; Rats*

PURPOSE: Patients with canalicular or common canalicular obstruction have been treated by carrying out conjuctivodacryocystorhinostomy mainly through skin or the nasal cavity, but all sorts of defects attendant on an operation have been indicated. At this, the authors inquired into a result of a surgery and their satisfaction in a different viewpoint for silicone intubation. METHODS: We inquired into a result of a surgery and their satisfaction in a different viewpoint for 68 patients' 72 eyes who can be observed over 3 months among patients diagnosed as canalicular or common canalicular obstruction and operated on with silicone intubation as subject. RESULTS: After surgery, silicone tube was removed at average postoperative 5.8 months and we observed them for average 10.5 months. The result of operations showed that successful cases are 72.2% (52 eyes) and failing cases are 28.8% (20 eyes). CONCLUSION: For the cases with canalicular obstruction, especially common canalicular obstruction for short period, primary silicone intubation would be one of the ideal lacrimal surgery that should be explained the possible secondary conjuctivodacryocystorhinostomy later.
Adult* ; Humans ; Intubation* ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Nasal Cavity ; Silicones* ; Skin

Spontaneous acute cerebellar hemorrhage is not really a rare lesion and their incidence is greater than is previously appreciated, accounting for ten percent of all spontaneous intracranial hemorrhages. And it is not easy to understand why it is rarely diagnosed clinically and is explosive course in its nature. Therefore, successful management entails early correct recognition, followed by early surgical intervention. In many cases, the cerebellar signs & other neurological signs are of little value in the localization of cerebellar hemorrhage. In such cases, CT scan may prove to be a rapid & reliable method for localizing acute cerebellar hemorrhage. The authors collected three cases of spontaneous acute cerebellar hemorrhage which were diagnosed by computed tomography, admitted to the department of neurosurgery of National Medical Center from June 1979 to October 1980 and all patients received suboccipital craniectomy.
Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Neurosurgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Orbital meningioma is relatively rare. A case of intraorbital meningioma arising from optic nerve sheath is presented, which extended intracranially through the optic canal. Transfrontal intradural and extradural approach under the operating microscope is the best successful exposure for the orbital meningioma when there is suspected intracranial extension of the tumor.
Meningioma* ; Optic Nerve ; Orbit*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*diagnosis/pathology ; Hepatitis B/complications/*diagnosis ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis/complications/*pathology ; Liver Neoplasms/*diagnosis/pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged

A rare case of cerebellar infarction is presented with the finding of CT scan and angiography. In the case of cerebellar infarction, early diagnosis and emergency posterior fossa decompression is the important point in the rapidly deteriorating patient due to brain stem compression.
Angiography ; Brain Stem ; Decompression ; Early Diagnosis ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Infarction* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The medulloblastoma is a tumor of the cerebellum, particulary common in children. Most of them in childhood are situated in the midline vermis, but in adults are in the lateral lobes. The authors reported two cases of medulloblastoma which developed in the midline vermis although the patients were adult, and reviewed with concerned articles.
Adult* ; Cerebellum ; Child ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma*