No abstract available.
Hip*

No abstract available.
Crohn Disease*

The relative bioavailability amd palsma level fluctuation of controlled release carbamazepine (carbamazepine CR, CBZ CR, Tegretol CR) to the regular product (Carbamazepine RR, CBZ RR, Tegletol RR) were studied in 12 patients who were taking stable dose of carbamazepine for more than six weeks. Fixed dosage regimen (400 mg every 12 hours) of both products was administered in a random cross over manner at least for four days. After reaching steady-state, serial blood samples were drawn after last dose administration. Plasma carbamazepine levels were analysed by fluorescence polarizing immunoassay. The controlled lelease products showed lower area under the concentration time curve (AUC; 89.7)20.0 ug/ml/hr) than that (107.1)13.2 ug/ml/hr) of the regular products (p<0.01), and also showed low peak plasma level (CR;848)l.93ug/ml, RR;10.57+1.55 ug/ml). However. Fluctuation of plasma drug level during dose interval was slightly less in controlled release products compared with carbamazepine regular products in the respect of various indices such as percent fluctuation, fluctuation index and area deviation from mean level. However those parameters did not show no statistical singificance between two products except area diviation (p<0.01). Though the controlled relase product showed slightly less fluctuation during dose interval, this seemed to be the expense of incomplete bioavailability. As a conclusion, the dose correction should be made according to the relative bioavailability of controlled release formulation if switching of the formulation from regular to controlled release form would be needed. However it could not be proved that controlled release fromulation had less fluctiuation during dose interval in this study. More detailed studies should be pursued to show the evidence of significant superiority of currently marketing controlled release formulation to the regular one.
Biological Availability* ; Carbamazepine* ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; Immunoassay ; Marketing ; Plasma

The author have statistically observed growth pattern of LBW infants born at NMC obstetric ward for 4 years form Jan. 1972 rtrough Dec, 1975. LBW infants were divided ino 2 groups, preterm and small-for-date infants and compared with normal full-term delivered infants group for height and weight. Following results were obtained 1) As compared with NFD infants group, preterm infants group revealed ststistically meaningful difference in height and weight until 5-6 months of age. Thereafter no difference was noticed. But, SFD group showed difference in height and weight until 1 year of age. 2) Preterm infants group was found to have a greater growth velocity than SFD group in 4-7 months of age, SFD group showed relatively similar increment of height and weight with NFD group. 3) Mean heght and weight of LBW infants were below NFD gronp until 1 year of age. Growth velocity ws similar with NFD group, so handicaps of LBW infants were not overcome statistically during 1 year after birth.
Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Low Birth Weight* ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Parturition

PURPOSE:We report the results of image-guided percutaneous biopsies with a biopsy gun and evaluate the clinical usefullness. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and five biopsies under ultrasonographic or fiuoroscopic guidance were performed. Various anatomic sites were targeted (liver;50, chest;22, kidney;12, pancreas;8, intraperitoneum;7, retroperitoneum; ). RESULTS:Obtained tissue was diagnostic in 98 of the 105 biopsies(93%). In each instance, representative core tissue specimens were obtained. Evaluation of the core tissue by pathologist revealed consistent, uniform specimens that contained significant crush artifact in no case. Five biopsies yielded inadeguate tissues which were too small for histopathologic interpretation or were composed of necrotic debris. Two biopsies yielded adequate tissues, but tissues were not of the target. The diagnoses were malignancy in 77 biopsies and benign disease in 21 biopsies. No complications other than mild, localized discomfort were encountered except a transient hemoptysis and pneumothorax which was observed in two patients. CONCLUSION:Cutting biopsy with a biopsy gun provided sufficient amount of target tissue for an accurate diagnosis of malignant and benign disease. It was a safe and useful procedure for percutaneous biopsy.
Artifacts ; Biopsy* ; Diagnosis ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Pneumothorax

Cerebrovascular disease and coronary heart disease are the first and the fourth common causes of death among adults in Korea. Reported risk factors of one of these diseases may prevent other diseases. Therefore, we tried to compare and discriminate the risk factors of these diseases. We recruited four case groups and four control groups among the inpatients who were admitted to Wonju Christian Hospital from March, 1994 to November, 1995. Four control groups were matched with each of four case groups by age and sex. The number of patients in each of four case and control groups were 106 and 168 for acute myocardial infarction(AMI), 84 and 133 for subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH), 102 and 148 for intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH), and 91 and 182 for ischemic stroke(IS) respectively. Factors whose levels were significantly higher in AMI and IS than in responding control group(RCG) were education, economic status, and triglyceride. Factors whose levels were significantly lower in hemorrhagic stroke than in RCG were age of menarch, and prothrombin time. The factor whose level was higher in AMI than in RCG was uric acid. The factor whose level was higher in AMI, ICH, and SAH than in RCG was blood sugar. Factors whose levels were significantly higher in all the case groups than in RCG were earlobe crease, Quetelet index, white blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and total cholesterol. The list of risk factors were somewhat different among the four diseases, though none of the risk factors to the one disease except prothrombin time acted as a preventive factor to the other diseases. The percent of grouped cases correctly classified was higher in the discrimination of ischemic diseases(AMI and IS) from hemorrhagic diseases(SAH and ICH) than in the discrimination of cerebrovascular disease from AMI. The factors concerned in the discrimination of ischemic diseases from hemorrhagic diseases were prothrombin time, earlobe crease, gender, age uric aci, education, albumin, hemoglobin, the history of taking steroid, total cholesterol, and hematocrit according to the selection order through forward selection.
Adult ; Blood Glucose ; Body Mass Index ; Case-Control Studies* ; Cause of Death ; Cholesterol ; Coronary Disease* ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Education ; Gangwon-do ; Hematocrit ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Korea ; Leukocyte Count ; Prothrombin Time ; Risk Factors* ; Stroke ; Triglycerides ; Uric Acid

Endoscopic treatments have emerged as an alternative to surgery, in the treatment of benign colorectal stricture. Unlike endoscopic balloon dilatation, there is limited data on endoscopic electrocautery incision therapy for benign colorectal stricture, especially with regards to safety and long-term patency. We present a case of a 29-year-old female with Crohn's disease who had difficulty in defecation and passing thin stools. A pelvic magnetic resonance imaging scan, gastrograffin enema, and sigmoidoscopy showed a high-grade anorectal stricture. An endoscopic insulated-tip knife incision was successfully performed to resolve the problem. From our experience, we suggest that endoscopic insulated-tip knife treatment may be a feasible and effective modality for patients with short-segment, very rigid, fibrotic anorectal stricture.
Adult ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Crohn Disease* ; Defecation ; Diatrizoate Meglumine ; Dilatation ; Electrocoagulation ; Enema ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Sigmoidoscopy

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The intial stability for osseointegration of implant has been an interesting factor. Especially, in the case of poor bone quality or immediately loaded implant, various strategies have been developed focusing on the surface of materials to improve implant fixation to bone. The microscopic properties of implant surfaces play a major role in the osseous healing of dental implants. PURPOSE: The aims of this study are to perform a histologic and histomorphometric comparison of the healing characteristics of three different surfaces and the comparison of resonance frequency analysis (RFA) values measured by Osstell(TM) and perio-test values (PTV) measured by Periotest. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 24 screw titanium implants (Dentium Co., Seoul, Korea) with 6mm in length and 3.4mm in diameter, were placed in the mandible of 4 beagle dogs. Implants were divided into three groups following the surface treatment methods: Group I is machined(control group). Group II is anodically oxidized. Group III is coated 500nm in thickness with hydroxyapatite(HA) by ion beam assisted deposition(IBAD) on the anodized oxidization. Bone blocks from 2 dogs were caught after 3 weeks of covered healing and another blocks from 2 dogs after 6 weeks. RFA values and PTV were measured right after insertion and at 3 and 6weeks. Histomorphometric analysis was made with Kappa Image Base System to calculate bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and bone area inside the threads. Pearson's correlation analyses were performed to evaluate the correlation between RFA and PTV, BIC and bone area ratio of three different surfaces at 3 and 6 weeks. RESULTS: 1) In all surface treatment methods, the RFA values decreased and the PTV values increased until 6 weeks in comparison to initial values. 2) At 3 weeks, no significant difference was found from bone-to-implant contact ratio and bone area ratio of three different surface treatment methods(P>0.05). However, at 6 weeks, different surface treatment methods showed significantly different bone-toimplant contact ratio and bone area ratio(P<0.05). 3) In the implants with the IBAD on the anodic oxidization, significant difference was found between the 3 weeks and the 6 weeks bone area ratio(P<0.05). 4) Correlation was found between the RFA values and the bone area ratio at 3 and 6 weeks with significant difference(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the implants with the IBAD on the anodic oxidization may have a high influence on the initial stability of implant.
Animals ; Dental Implants ; Dogs* ; Mandible ; Osseointegration ; Seoul ; Titanium

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether paternal age is associated with the risk of preterm birth. METHODS: Data were obtained from the 2003 birth certificates registry of 214,413 singleton infants born to women aged 25~29 years in Korea (Korea National Statistical Office). Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated from multivariate logistic regression analyses to investigate the associations between paternal age and preterm delivery. RESULTS: The incidence of preterm birth showed a significant difference among the different paternal age groups (p<0.01). 'U-shaped' distribution of preterm birth risk was observed in terms of paternal age, with that of 30~34 years group being the lowest. Compared with 30~34 years group, the odds ratios for preterm birth were 1.14 for <24 years (p>0.05), 1.08 for age 25~29 years (p<0.01), 1.20 for age 35~39 years (p<0.01), and 1.50 for > or =40 years (p<0.01) groups. CONCLUSION: Paternal age is a risk factor for preterm birth and advanced paternal age increases the risk of preterm birth.
Birth Certificates* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Odds Ratio ; Parturition* ; Paternal Age* ; Premature Birth* ; Risk Factors

PURPOSE: To describe the abnormal signal intensity seen on MRI of the brain in Wilson disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight patients (7 male and 1 female, 10 to 33 years of age ) with Wilson disease were studied with a 0.5TMRI system. Patients were divided into symptomatic and asymptomatic groups, and MR imaging was compared withclinical data. RESULTS: In 93 lesions, signal intensity was abnormal ; there was involvement of the pallidus(24lesions, 26%), the midbrain (20, 22%), the pons(14, 15%), the putamen (13, 14%), the thalamus(6, 7%), thepituitary gland (4, 4%), the caudate nuclei (4, 4%), the internal capsule (4, 4%), and the dentate nucleus (4,4%). In the putamen, all lesions but one were bilateral, and there was symmetric distribution. The four patientswith neurologic symptoms had 69 lesions and the remaining four without such symptoms had 24 lesions. OnT2-weighted images, high signal intensity was seen in all lesions but two, and on T1-weighted images, this wasseen in 24 lesions. All lesions of the pituitary gland showed high signal intensity on T1-weighted images.CONCLUSION: Lesions were frequently seen in the globus pallidus, midbrain, pons and putamen, and were more commonin patients with neurologic symptoms.
Brain* ; Cerebellar Nuclei ; Female ; Globus Pallidus ; Hepatolenticular Degeneration* ; Humans ; Internal Capsule ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Male ; Mesencephalon ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Pituitary Gland ; Pons ; Putamen