Herein, polyorchidism possessing of more than the usual number of testicles, which was found in two patients, is reported. Both patients had three testes, and one presented with painful swelling of the right scrotum caused by torsion of the testis and the other revealed a non-palpable testis in the right hemiscrotum. Both patients were managed surgically with orchiopexy and an orchiectomy, respectively, followed by the insertion of an artificial testis.
Humans ; Orchiectomy ; Orchiopexy ; Scrotum ; Testis ; Urogenital Abnormalities

Apocrine sweat gland carcinoma is a very unusual malignant skin adnexal tumor and mostly occurs in areas where apocrine elands are abundant namely. axilla. upper arm. scalp. eyelid. vulva and external auditory meatus. The scrotal location is not yet reported. We report a case of apocrine sweat gland carcinoma of scrotum in a man aged 85, which was managed by local excision. The histologic finding is that of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Evidence of decapitation secretion typical or apocrine glands. is present in some areas.
Adenocarcinoma ; Apocrine Glands ; Arm ; Axilla ; Decapitation ; Eyelids ; Scalp ; Scrotum* ; Skin ; Sweat Glands* ; Sweat* ; Vulva

No abstract available.
Blood Platelets* ; Blood Transfusion*

The early radiological investigations of urinary tract infection are justified nowadays in order to identify those whose kidneys are already damaged, those who may be at risk of progressive damage, and those in whom a treatment program is indicated. 42 children who performed 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid scan in the diagnostic step of recurrent urinary tract infection for recent 3 years at Severance Hospital were evaluated to access the validity of 99 m Tc-dimercaptosuccinic acid scan in detection of pyelonephritic scarring. The results were as follows: 1. Renal cortical defects were detected in 34 kidneys among 84 kidneys(40.5%) by DMSA scan, intravenous pyelography and ultrasonography 2. DMSA scan was significantly more valuable in detecing renal defect than intravenous pyelography (P<0.05). 3. The presence of reflux on voiding cystourethrography showed a significant correlation with renal cortical defects seen on DMSA scan (P<0.05). 4. The sensitivity of the DMSA scan in screening for all grades of reflux was estimated 0.9 and DMSA scan never missed renal defects in high grade (III-V/V) reflux. So we conclude that 99 m Tc-DMSA scan is more useful than other upper urinary tract imaging technique in detecting renal defects and consideration should be given to their use as first line of study for screening of renal defect in urinary tract infection and vesicoureteral reflux.
Child ; Cicatrix* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Mass Screening ; Succimer ; Technetium Tc 99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Tract ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Urography ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Mitral valve repair is the main procedure for the treatment of mitral valve insufficiency. The aims of this study were to review the applied techniques. and to evaluate postoperative residual mitral valve insufficiency, to compare preoperative and postoperative cardiac functions and dimensions, to compare the effects of rigid and flexible ring annuloplasty, and to assess overall freedom from valve failure-related reoperation. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: From March 1996 to September 1999, 34 patients underwent mitral valve repair for the treatment of mitral valve insufficiency at our department. This group comprised ten males and twenty four females, aged 8 to 65 years. The causes of mitral valve insufficiency were of degenerative origin in 12 patients, rheumatic in 10, congenital in 9, cardiomyopathic in 2, and ischemic in 1. The applied valve repair techniques included annuloplasty, quadrangular resection, leaflet slicing, cleft repair, chordae shortening, chordae transfer, secondary chordae resection, new chordae formation, papillary muscle splitting, commissuroplasty, and commissurotomy. RESULTS: There was no early or late mortality. We encountered 8 residual mitral valve insufficiencies (more than grade II), 2 of which worsened and eventually required correction by valve replacement. There were no statistical differences seen between the effects of rigid and flexible ring annuloplasty on left ventricular function either before or 1 year following annuloplasty. The cardiac dimensions decreased significantly. The actuarial freedom from valve failure-related reoperation was 93.01% at 43 months. CONCLUSION: Mitral valve repair with preserved valvular apparatus showed that the repaired valves functioned well and cardiac dimensions recovered satisfactorily. There were no statistical differences between the effects of rigid and flexible ring annuloplasty on cardiac functions and dimensions either before or 1 year following annuloplasty.
Female ; Freedom ; Humans ; Male ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency* ; Mitral Valve* ; Mortality ; Papillary Muscles ; Reoperation ; Ventricular Function, Left

Hematuria has been the most reliable sign of injury to the urinary system. Thus. the rapid and accurate detection of hematuria in the emergency room is essential. In 149 patients with renal trauma in whom radiographic studies defined the severity of injury, we compared the degree of microscopic hematuria determined by dipstick and microscopic urinalysis. Falge positive dipstick occurred in 5(3.6%) patients and false negative dipstick in 4(3.3% ) patients. The dipstick method had greater than 96.4 percent sensitivity and specificity for detection of microscopic hematuria. The correlation between the 2 methods was low (Person`s coefficient 0.4114). However. 85.5 percent or the urine sample with more than 20 red blood cells per high power field corresponded to a dipstick results of 3+ (Regression Y = 0.0129x + 2.93, F = 28.12. p < 0.005). Although microscopic hematuria may be quantified more accurately by microscopic analysis, the urine dipstick is a rapid and reliable screening test with high degree of sensitivity and specificity for the microscopic hematuria in patients with renal trauma.
Emergency Service, Hospital ; Erythrocytes ; Hematuria* ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Urinalysis

Cerebral gigantism(Sotos syndrome) is a growth disorder that consists of large size at birth, rapid early growth rate with accompanying advanced bone age, acromegalic features, and developmental delay. Clumsiness in the absence of other abnormal neurologic findings is common. The cause is unknown. We report here a case of 238/12-year-old Sotos syndrome with final adult height above 97 percentile, abnormal brain MRI findings(large ventricles, prominent trigone, prominent occipital horn & thining of corpus callosum), clumsiness, and some behavioral problems.
Adult ; Animals ; Brain ; Growth Disorders ; Horns ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Parturition ; Sotos Syndrome

Adenocarcinoma of the bladder is a rare tumor. It's incidence figures in the ranges of 0.5 to 2.0 percent of all epithelial bladder neoplasms. Adenocarcinoma of the bladder occurs more frequently in areas which schistosomiasis is endemic and is the most common malignant tumor arising in the exstrophic bladder or urachus. Primary adenocarcinoma of the bladder must be carefully differentiated from the adenocarcinomas that originate within the urachus, prostate, seminal vesicle, breast, gastrointestinal tract or other organs. This report describes a 43 years old male who was diagnosed as an infiltrative adenocarcinoma of the bladder by the preoperative evaluation and transurethral resection of bladder and was confirmed by the pathologic examination following pelvic exenteration as the primary adenocarcinoma or the bladder extended to the prostate and rectum and was followed by chemotherapy without evidence of metastasis.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Adult ; Breast ; Drug Therapy ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pelvic Exenteration* ; Prostate ; Rectum ; Schistosomiasis ; Seminal Vesicles ; Urachus ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder*

BACKGROUND: Surgical closure of the PDA in premature infants with complications or contraindications to indomethacin use, or recurrence of symptomatic PDA is a safe and effective procedure with low operative risk and minimal complications. MATERIAL AND METHOD: From April 1996 to August 1998, 11 premature infants with body weight under 1.5 kg at operation underwent operation for a symptomatic PDA (male:5, female: 6). Associated dise ases were congenital heart disease(7), hyaline membrane disease(6), intraventricular hemor rhage(4), pneumonia(4), pneumothorax(3), hyperbilirubinemia(2), necrotizing enterocolitis(2), renal failure(1), epilepsy(1), and hydrocephalus(1). Surgical techniques are hemoclipping(8) and ligation(3). The size of PDA was 3~6 mm (5.0+/-1.2). RESULT: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure rised and heart rates decreased after PDA closure. ABGA improved postoperatively. There were no surgical complications. Six infants with improved ABGA data were weaned from mechanical ventilatory support. The follow-up durations after discharge were 3 month to 12 month. Five deaths were not related to operation. The causes of death were hyaline membrane disease(2), bronchopulmonary dysplasia with pneumonia(1), sepsis(1), and con gestive heart failure with respiratory distress syndrome(1). CONCLUSION: Early operative closure is the treatment of choice in most premature infants with a hemodynamically significant shunt(PDA), recurrence of symptomatic PDA, complications of Indomethacin, or contraindi cations to Indomethacin.
Blood Pressure ; Body Weight ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ; Cations ; Cause of Death ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart ; Heart Failure ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Indomethacin ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Membranes ; Recurrence

No abstract available.
Classification* ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive*