A total of 359 cases of malignant tumors of the larynx (including 87 resected cases) obtained from the pathology file of the Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University during a period of 10 years from 1976 to 1985 were studied by histopathologic and gross investigation with analysis of clinical records, with following results. 1) Out of 359 cases, 356 cases were primary and 3 cases were metastatic. The primary malignant tumors consisted of 348 cases (97.8%) of squamous cell carcinoma, each 2 cases of verrucous carcinoma, malignant lymphoma and undifferentiated carcinoma, a case of adenoid cystic carcinoma and a case of unclassified sarcoma. The metastatic malignant tumors were each one case of renal cell carcinoma, malignant schwanoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. 2) In primary squamous cell carcinoma, the ratio of male to female was 7.8:1 and mean age was 58.2 years (35-87 years). The location was in order of the supraglottic (54.1%), the glottic (25.0%), the transglottic (18.0%), and the subglottic (2.9%). The degree of histologic differentiation was in order of well (72.7%), moderate (23.6%) and poor (3.7%). The tumor stage was stage I in 7.8% of cases, stage II 19.7%, stage III 38.5%, and stage IV 34.0%, and the supraglottic tumors were relatively higher grade than the glottic tumors. 3) The chief complaints of the primary squamous cell carcinoma were mostly hoarseness (70.9% in total case, 49.2% in the supraglottic, 90.9% in the transglottic, and 100% in the glottic and the subglottic), and were variable in the supraglottic cases in order of sore throat, neck mass, throat pain, dyspnea, swallowing difficulty, and foreign body sensation. The duration from the time of first symptom to vistiation was average 7.34 months and was less than 3 months in 45.6% of cases, and showed two peaks, major in 1-2 months and minor in 10-12 months. 4) In the 87 resected cases of primary squamous cell carcinoma, the gross pattern was the ulcerofungating type in 49.4% of cases, the ulceroinfiltrative in 47.1% and flat in 3.5%. The size of tumor was up to 1.5 cm in 30% of cases and more than 1.6 cm in 70%. The extent of invasion was to the submucosa in 40.7% of resected cases, to the laryngeal skeletal muscle(s) 16.3%, to the laryngeal cartilage(s) 33.7%, to the perilaryngeal soft tissue 9.3%. In the 65 cases of lymph node dissection out of these 87 cases, 25 cases (38.5%) showed metastatic lesion(s). With relation to tumor location, lymph node metastases were frequent in the supraglottic, the transglottic and the subglottic region (50-60%) and less common in the glottic region (13.8%). With relation to gross pattern, the metastases were most frequent in ulceroinfiltrative type and none in flat type. And the metastasis rate was increased according to the increase of the tumor size and to the decrease of the tumor differentiation. 5) Smoking history in 140 recorded cases revealed only 8 nonsmokers and average 35.39 pack-years of cigarettes in smoker group with peak in 20-40 pack-yeas (57.2%). 6) Distant metastases were found in 8 cases. The organs were the lung in 5 cases, brain 4 cases, liver 1 case (Three cases were positive in two foci, the lung and the brain). The coexistant primary malignant tumors were found in 8 cases which were 5 bronchogenic squamous cell carcinomas, 2 gastric adenocarcinoma, 1 pancreatic head adenocarcinoma and 1 thyroid papillary carcinoma (Triple primary cancers in one case, of the larynx, the lung and the stomach). 7) Follow-up of 6-53 months (mean 25.8 months) in 115 cases resulted in NED in 62 cases (53.9%) and expired or less resulted in NED in 62 cases (53.9%) and expired or loss of follow-up after recurrence or distant metastasis in 53 cases (46.1%). The recurrence was detected in 2-34 months (average 12.0 months) after treatment.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis

No abstract available.
Humans ; Young Adult*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Young Adult*

No abstract available.
Brain* ; Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Head* ; Humans

We reported the two cases of olecranon osteomyelitis secondary to the iatrogenic chronic relapsing septic olecranon bursitis. Infection was well eradicated by excision of the infected bursa and curettage of the eroded olecranon under the coverage of antibiotic therapy.
Bursitis* ; Curettage ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; Olecranon Process* ; Osteomyelitis*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare mammography and breast sonography in detection of breast cancer and to suggest reasonable guideline of breast imaging in breast cancer patients under 30 years of age in whom breast cancer shows different clinicopathologic characteristics compared with breast cancer in older women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A. uthors reviewed medical records of 27 patients under 30 years of age with pathologically-proven breast cancer. Age, family history, physical examination findings, indications for breast s0nography were reviewed. Cases in whom breast cancer lesion is detectable and cases in whom not detectable using mammography or breast sonography were reviewed. And then, authors evaluated the usefulness of each method and reasons for nonvisualization of lesion on mammography. RESULTS: Among 27 patients, 25 patients had palpable breast mass as indication of mammography and breast sonography. Cancer lesions were detectable in 16 of 25 patients (64%) on mammography and 24 of 25 patients (96%) on breast ultrasonography. Reasons for nonvisualization of cancer lesions on mammography were dense breast with nodular parenchyma pattern and minimal breast change of ductal carcinoma in situ. CONCLUSION: In breast cancer patients under 30 years of age who have palpable breast mass as a initiaJ, and main clinical problem, breast ultrasonography is superior to mammography in detecting and diagnosing breast cancer. We suggest that guidelines can avoid unnecessary mammography in these patients.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography ; Medical Records ; Physical Examination ; Ultrasonography* ; Ultrasonography, Mammary

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare mammography and breast sonography in detection of breast cancer and to suggest reasonable guideline of breast imaging in breast cancer patients under 30 years of age in whom breast cancer shows different clinicopathologic characteristics compared with breast cancer in older women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A. uthors reviewed medical records of 27 patients under 30 years of age with pathologically-proven breast cancer. Age, family history, physical examination findings, indications for breast s0nography were reviewed. Cases in whom breast cancer lesion is detectable and cases in whom not detectable using mammography or breast sonography were reviewed. And then, authors evaluated the usefulness of each method and reasons for nonvisualization of lesion on mammography. RESULTS: Among 27 patients, 25 patients had palpable breast mass as indication of mammography and breast sonography. Cancer lesions were detectable in 16 of 25 patients (64%) on mammography and 24 of 25 patients (96%) on breast ultrasonography. Reasons for nonvisualization of cancer lesions on mammography were dense breast with nodular parenchyma pattern and minimal breast change of ductal carcinoma in situ. CONCLUSION: In breast cancer patients under 30 years of age who have palpable breast mass as a initiaJ, and main clinical problem, breast ultrasonography is superior to mammography in detecting and diagnosing breast cancer. We suggest that guidelines can avoid unnecessary mammography in these patients.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography ; Medical Records ; Physical Examination ; Ultrasonography* ; Ultrasonography, Mammary

No abstract available in English.
Plasmacytoma

Little is known of the clearance mechanism of blood in the joint and it is still controversial. In order to clarify the possible mechanism of the clearance, rabbits own venous blood was injected into their own right knee joints of twenty-four normal adult rabbits and the opposite left knee joints served as control. The animal were killed at 12 hours, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 14 and 21 days after intra-articular injection of autologous blood. For histological and histochemical studies, the fresh synovial tissues were obtained from infrapatellar regions. The sections were stained by the alcian-blue (pH 2.5) for mucopolysaccharides and methylgreen pyronin for ribonucleic acid (R.N.A.). And finally, for metachromasia the sections were stained with toluidine blue (pH 2.5). In hematoxylin-eosin stained preparation, the synovial cells did not show any gross alterations in the early stages of experiment, but there was an increasing infiltreation of some inflammatory cells into the synovial and subsynovial tissues. Many erythrocytes were found lying free between the synovial cells, in the synovial matrix and subsynovial tissues. Any synovial change that shows a patchy thickening of the synovium due to increase in both the size and number of synovial cells and villous proliferation, became marked at the fourth day after experiment. On the seventh day villous proliferation were still seen but persist in an attenuated form. These changes converted to nearly normal from two weeks after experiment. With methyl-green pyronin stain for R.N.A., the synovial cell showed a definite increase in number in pyroninophilic granules and in intensity of staining reaction at two days of hemarthrosis and these findings were seen even in the third week specimens. After 12 hours of experiment, the synovial cells and the matrix showed a quite clear positive reaction with alcine-blue. And these changes showed a most strong positive reactions at 24 hours of experiment. But after 24 hours the synovial cells gradually showed a decreasing tendensy in intensity of staining reaction to alcian-blue. Since the fourth day of experiment the synovial and subsynovial tissues were closer to normal with alcian-blue. Toluidine blue gave only faint metachromasia to the very rarely in the deeper layer of synovium. We confirmed some of the injected erythrocytes escaped from the joint into the synovium and were cleared from the joint, and blood cells are clears from the joint by phagocytosis of synovial cells. It is suggested that these changes correlates with various histological and metabolic changes of the synovial membrane following a experimental hemarthrosis.
Adult ; Animals ; Blood Cells ; Deception ; Erythrocytes ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Hemarthrosis ; Humans ; Injections, Intra-Articular ; Joints ; Knee Joint ; Knee ; Phagocytosis ; Rabbits ; RNA ; Synovial Membrane ; Tolonium Chloride ; United Nations

Beurgers disease is a specific, recurrent, segmental, inflammatory, obliterative vascular disease involving principally the medium sized arteries and veins of the extremities. The disease was originally described by Leo Beurger in 1908. The results in treatment were not satisfactory in spite of many interaction and experiencies in treatment. So the present study is clinical analysis of 136 cases of Beurgers disease, who were treated at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and General Surgery, Presbyterian Medical Center, for the past 12 years, from 1971 to 1982. The results obtained are as follows: Sex distribution was predominent in male(97.1%) and peak incidence in the fourth decade. One hundred twenty eight cases had smoked over 10 years and sixty percent had more than one operation previously because of the same disease. The most common symptom was pain in the extrimities, necrosis, skin color change and coldness were in that order of frequency. The lower extremities were more commonly involved. The most common site of obstruction at the arteriogram was the popliteal artery. Among the surgery cases, 20 of the sympathetomized patients had followed-up, and the long term result showed improvement in 17 cases and all the results of the vascular surgery were poor.
Arteries ; Clinical Study ; Extremities ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lower Extremity ; Necrosis ; Popliteal Artery ; Protestantism ; Sex Distribution ; Skin Pigmentation ; Smoke ; Thromboangiitis Obliterans ; Vascular Diseases ; Veins