No abstract available.
Mandibular Condyle*

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of aerobics and aquarobics exercise programs on elders' leg muscle strength, balance and walking ability in elders. The participants of the study were 21 elders; 11 of them participated in the aerobics exercise program and 10 of them participated in the aquarobic exercise program. METHODS: Both of the participants practiced for 10 weeks. The data were analyzed with using two-way ANOVA with repeated measures on the last factor. RESULTS: The results were summarized as follows: First, the main effect of exercise programs(aerobics x aquarobics) and the interaction effect between the exercise programs and the leg muscle strength were not significant. Second, the participants' static balance of the aquarobics exercise program increased more than that of the aerobics exercise program. Third, the participants' dynamic balance of the aquarobics exercise program increased more than that of the aerobics exercise program. Fourth, the main effect of exercise programs and the interaction effect between the exercise programs and the increase in gait speed were not significant. Fifth, the participants' step length of aquarobics exercise group increased more than that of the aerobics exercise program. All of the participants' leg muscle strength, static balance, dynamic balance, gait speed and step length increased after the both of two exercise programs. And, more importantly, the positive effect of the aquarobics exercise program on static balance, dynamic balance and step length was stronger than that of the aerobics exercise program. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the aquarobics exercise program be more effective exercise on elders' balance and walking ability than the aerobics exercise program.
Gait ; Leg* ; Muscle Strength* ; Walking*

Zonulolytic effects of alpha-chymotrypsin and trypsin were examined on rabbits' eyes using an apparatus which enables one to press the enucleated eyeballs. The time interval between the applications of enzymes and the protrusion of the lens was measured. The results showed that the trypsin was 4 to 5 times more effective than alpha-chymotrypsin.
Trypsin*

A clinical observation was made on the non-visualizing kidney of the in-patient in the Department of Urology, Capital Armed Forces General Hospital during the period from September, 1976 to December, 1981 and the following results were observed. 1. Of 1287 cases hospitalized, IVP was performed on 292 cases. Among these, 36 cases revealed non- visualizing kidney giving a rate of 12.3%. 2. The sex ratio between male and female was 8:1 and age distribution ranged from 1 to 66 years. 3. The clinical symptoms and signs were hematuria, flank pain, frequency, lower abdominal pain, and abdominal palpable mass in order. 4. The causes of non-visualizing kidney was classified as renal parenchymal and obstructive disease. Renal tuberculosis (9 cases) was the most frequent cause among the disease of parenchymal origin, and the calculus disease of the urinary track (5 cases) and hydronephrosis not caused by calculi (5 cases) were the most frequent cause among the disease of obstructive origin. 5. Surgery was performed in 29 cases (80.1%) and remaining 7 cases were managed conservatively.
Abdominal Pain ; Age Distribution ; Arm ; Calculi ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Kidney* ; Male ; Sex Ratio ; Tuberculosis, Renal ; Urology

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been definitively shown to be a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease and mortality. Recent reports have indicated that obstructive sleep apnea is associated with insulin resistance and impaired glucose metabolism, also have type 2 diabetes. The potential mechanisms leading to the development of type 2 diabetes in OSA patients are likely to be various. Reduced physical activity resulting from daytime somnolence, sympathetic nervous system activation, intermittent hypoxia, sleep fragmentation and sleep loss, dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, alteration in adipokine profiles, and activation of inflammatory pathways have been proposed. Based on the current evidence, clinicians should assess the risk of OSA in patients with type 2 diabetes and, conversely, consider that possibility of glucose intolerance in patients with OSA. Further large-scale and long-term follow-up studies in patient populations with selected by reliable but inexpensive diagnostic measures, controlled for potential confounder factor, are needed.
Adipokines ; Anoxia ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Glucose ; Glucose Intolerance ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Motor Activity ; Risk Factors ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; Sleep Deprivation ; Sympathetic Nervous System

No abstract available.
Diaphragm*

No abstract available.
Maxillary Sinus* ; Maxillary Sinusitis* ; Oroantral Fistula*

No abstract available.
Maxillary Sinus* ; Maxillary Sinusitis* ; Oroantral Fistula*

Aspiration pneumonia rarely occurs during general anesthesia; however, it can result in fatal pulmonary complications. To reduce aspiration pneumonia, a preoperative fasting time of 8 hours is recommended. A 4-year-old boy with ankyloglossia was scheduled for frenotomy. He completed preoperative fasting time and had no digestive symptoms. Pulmonary aspiration due to unexpected massive vomiting occurred during anesthesia induction. The patient's airway was immediately secured by endotracheal tube. The vomitus in the airway tract was removed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Abdomen radiograph taken after this event showed paralytic ileus which can cause aspiration of gastric contents. We describe a case of pneumonia caused by aspiration of gastric contents in a pediatric patient who followed fasting instructions and who was scheduled for outpatient surgery.
Abdomen ; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Bronchoscopy ; Child, Preschool ; Fasting* ; Humans ; Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction ; Male ; Pneumonia ; Pneumonia, Aspiration* ; Vomiting

In order to study immunological responses in psoriatic lesions, direct immunofluorescence(DIF) findings in stratum corneum of psoriatic lesions are compared with histopathological changes. The results are summerized as follows: 1) Deposition of Igs or C 3 in stratum corneum of psoriatic lesions was demonstrated in 14(56%) of 25 psoriasis patients. IgG was present in 40% IgA in 48%, IgM in 24%, and C 3 in 32%. However, DIF findings are negative in the str,atum corneum in the uninvolved skin of psoriasiis. In control groups of 12 cases of various skin diseases, DIF findings were negative in the stratum corneum except 1 case of a patient with acne rosacea. 2)DIF findings in 22 cases of histopathologic changes of psoriatic lesions were found in 50% of hyperkeratosis in 48% of parakeratosis in 50% of Munro microabscess, in 50%, of spongiform pustule, and in 57% of the absence of stratum granulosum: ie, about only 50% were positive in DIF results. Histopathologic changes in 11 cases of positive DIF finding in psoriatic lesions were hyperkeratosis in 100%, parakeratosis in 91%, Munro microabscess in 64%, spongiform pustule in 55%, and the absence of stratum granulosum in 73%.
Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Parakeratosis ; Psoriasis ; Rosacea ; Skin ; Skin Diseases