No abstract available.
Wilms Tumor*

No abstract available.
Histiocytosis, Sinus* ; Lip*

BACKGROUND: It was recognized that the intake of the whole cow's milk(WCM) early (before 1 year old of age) and large amount in early childhood is related to the iron deficiency, sometimes the iron deficiency anemia in advanced state. To verify the relationship between the variables in the WCM intake and the iron status, we carried out this study. METHODS: Thirty subjects(1 year to 3 years old of age) were classified as a WCM large intake group and a WCM small intake group. The relationship between the WCM commencing age and the iron status(serum ferritin, transferrin saturation and hemoglobin) in the WCM large intake group was evaluated and analyzed by the linear regression. Futhermore, the relationship between the value of WCM intake amountxduration/10 and the iron status(serum ferritin, transferrin saturation and hemoglobin) in the WCM large and small intake groups was evaluated and analyzed by the linear regression. RESULTS: As the WCM commencing age was earlier, the values of serum ferritin, transferrin saturation and hemoglobin decreased significantly(P<0.05). The values of serum ferritin and transferrin saturation decreased significantly as the value of WCM intake amountxduration/10 increased(P<0.05). But the value of hemoglobin decreased insignificantly as the value of WCM intake amountxduration/10 increased(P>0.1). CONCLUSION: The variables in the intake of WCM influence upon the iron status in early childhood. The early commencing of the WCM(before 1 year old of age) is the worst variable that influences adversely upon the iron status in early childhood. The amount of WCM intake and the duration influence upon the storage iron(serum ferritin and transferrin saturation), but not hemoglobin. In this regard, it is necessary to inform the parents of the correct WCM intake ways to avoid the irreversible recognition impairment and behavioral change.
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; Child, Preschool ; Ferritins ; Humans ; Iron* ; Linear Models ; Milk* ; Parents ; Transferrin

No abstract available.

Recently, the efficacy of immuno-oncologic agents for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been proven in several trials. In particular, atezolizumab with bevacizumab (AteBeva), as a first-line therapy for advanced HCC, has shown tremendous advances in the IMBrave150 study. However, second or third-line therapy after treatment failure with AteBeva has not been firmly established. Moreover, clinicians have continued their attempts at multidisciplinary treatment that includes other systemic therapy and radiotherapy (RT). Here, we report a case that showed a near complete response (CR) of lung metastasis to nivolumab with ipilimumab therapy after achieving a near CR of intrahepatic tumor using sorafenib and RT in a patient with advanced HCC who had experienced treatment failure of AteBeva.

M-mode echocardiograms were recorded in 268 apparently healthy young male adults and the mitral valve motion during systole was analyzed. In 149 cases( 55.6%) out of 268 the predominant echo of mitral valve closure(CD line) was recorded as smooth line moving slowly anteriorly, in 48 cases(17.9%) the CD line showed an abrupt transient posterior motion during early systole, in 24 cases(9.0%) there were multiple additional echoes posterior to the CD line, 17 cases(6.3%) the mitral valve closure was recorded as pansystolic anteriorly concave echo deviating less than 2 mm from a drawn CD line, and 10 cases(3.7%) as curvilinear and anteriorly convex echo deviating from a drawn CD line. In the remaining 20 cases(7.5%), the mitral valve closure was recorded as pansystolic anteriorly concave echo deviating more than 2 mm from a drawn CD line, which was categorized to have mitral valve prolapse in the current study. However, there were no significant differneces in various echocardiographic dimensions of the heart and the aorta between those with and without mitral valve prolapse.
Adult ; Aorta ; Echocardiography* ; Heart ; Humans ; Male* ; Mitral Valve Prolapse* ; Mitral Valve* ; Systole

Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is the most common intra-abdominal disease required surgery during the first few months of life. The expression of pyloric stenosis is dependent upon the genetic influence of ancestors affected with the disease, as well as unknown environmental influences in the postnatal period. Pyloric stenosis has been reported in multiple sibs in a family, which suggests the genetic influence on the expression of this disease. Until now, the genetic influence is thought a sex-modified polygenic or multifactorial background which facilitates the expression of a common dominant gene. We experienced a case of congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in a two siblings. The siblings suffered projectile vomiting for 2~4 days at 16 days old of age and 15 days old of age. After we confirmed the diagnosis by upper gastrointestinal series and abdominal sonogram, the Fredet-Ramstedt pyloromyotomy was done successfully. This case suggests the genetic influence on the expression of this disease.
Diagnosis ; Genes, Dominant ; Humans ; Pyloric Stenosis ; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic* ; Siblings* ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing* ; Immunization* ; Mice*

PURPOSE: The platelet synthesis is extremely variable after intravenous immunoglogulin injection (IVIG) in acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). To investigate the size variation of platelet according to the time sequence of ITP, the relationship between platelet number and mean platelet volume (MPV) was analyzed. METHODS: Twenty acute ITP patients who showed abrupt increase of platelets within 48 hours after IVIG were selected. We checked the platelet number and MPV, thereafter analyzed the relationship. RESULTS: At the early phase of ITP before IVIG, MPV was normal or slightly decreased. However, as the number of platelet increased after IVIG, MPV increased together until platelet count reached 100, 000/mm3. The MPV decreased afterward, therefore the platelet mass was preserved. CONCLUSION: At the early phase of ITP before the increase of platelet, MPV decreased in spite of low number of platelet. After IVIG, there was an abrupt increase of MPV with platelet number. There might be some contributing factors for these, particularly IL-6, IL-11 and thrombopoietin. Now, we need more experimental data to explain these findings.
Blood Platelets* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins* ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous ; Interleukin-11 ; Interleukin-6 ; Mean Platelet Volume* ; Platelet Count* ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic* ; Thrombopoietin

Norovirus (NV) has caused large outbreaks of gastroenteritis in schools. Studies of NV epidemiology in schools related to NV outbreaks have been frequently reported. However, reports of that in schools without outbreaks are not found. Presently, NV molecular epidemiology surveillance was carried out in asymptomatic food handlers working at nonoutbreak elementary schools in Incheon, Korea, in March, April and December, 2009. NV prevalence was examined by real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and the positive products were re-evaluated by conventional RT-PCR for sequencing. Fecal samples (n = 776) were collected from 776 food handlers in 60 schools. NV was detected in 26 of them (3.4%). Of these, 17 (65%) were positive for NV GII and 10 (38%) were positive for NV GI. Of the 26 samples, 19 were positive by conventional RT-PCR. Sequencing of these 19 strains revealed GII/4 (n = 5), GI/6 (n = 3), GI/14 (n = 2), GII/8 (n = 2), GI/2 (n = 2), GI/10 (n = 1), GII/1 (n = 1), GII/3 (n = 1), GII/7 (n = 1), and GII/16 (n = 1). In this survey, the food handler population unrelated to NV outbreaks was found to normally contain asymptomatic carriers of NV. The excretion of NV from asymptomatic food handlers should be an infection source of NV outbreaks.
Adult ; Caliciviridae Infections/*epidemiology/genetics ; Feces/virology ; Female ; Food Handling ; Gastroenteritis/*epidemiology/genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Norovirus/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Prevalence ; RNA, Viral/analysis ; Republic of Korea ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Schools ; Sequence Analysis, RNA