No abstract available.

Alleles and genotype frequencies and its distribution pattern for the highly polymorphic D1S80 locus were determined in a Korean population sample, especially in Kwangju and Chonnam, by using PCR followed by agarose gel electrophoresis with ethidium bromide staining, a procedure called the amplified-fragment-length polymorphism(Amp-FLP) technique. And the data were compared with the alleles and genotype frequencies of Finnish population, North American Caucasian, and Korean population(Seoul) which had been reported. In 203 unrelated Korean individuals 27 alleles and 84 genotypes were observed. The highest allele frequency was in allele M24(0.128) and tne next orders were inalleles M18(0.126), M29, M30, M31, and M28 and the other alleles showed relatively low frequencies. The highest frequency of genotype was in M18/M24 and the next order frequencies were M18/M30, M19/M27 M29/M29, and M18/M29. The homozyous genotypes were in 9 alleles such as M29, M24, M31, and M18, and most of heterozygous genotypes were composed of alleles of each homozygous genotypes and /or the other alleles, its composition of genotypes was 0.881(74/84), 183(0.901) of the 203 individuals alleles, its composition of genotypes was 0.881(74/84), 183(0.901) of the 203 individuals alleles, its composition of genotypes was 0.881(74/84), 183(0.901) of the 203 individuals were included. The VNTR D1S80 locus demonstrated a heterozygosity of 0.872. From the above results, VNTR D1S80 locus may be a powerful locus to identify individuals, however, the allele frequencies was not closely related to the genotype pattern, and the alleles of homozygous genotypes influenced on the chance of the recombination of the various genotypes. It is necessary to analyze the genotype distribution and the recombination pattern of alleles as well as alleles and genotype frequencies in each populations for statistical test at most highly polymorphic loci.
Alleles* ; Electrophoresis, Agar Gel ; Ethidium ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype* ; Gwangju ; Jeollanam-do ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Recombination, Genetic

BACKGROUND: c-erbB-1 (epidermal growth factor receptor) and c-erbB-2 oncoprotein have common tyrosine kinase activities, and alteration in their expression has been defined in various visceral tumors. However, relatively little is known about their expression in skin tumors. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to evaluate the distribution and expression pattern of c-erbB-1 and c-erbB-2 in skin neoplasms. METHODS: We have undertaken an immunohistochemical survey of c-erbB-1 and c-erbB-2 in the tissue specimens of keratoacanthoma (KA), actinic keratosis (AK), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC). RESULTS: Membranous c-erbB-1 expression had a tendency to be down-regulated in some specimens of SCC and dysplastic portions of AK. In invasive lesions of SCC, we observed increased cytoplasmic accumulation of c-erbB-1. Most specimens of BCC showed rather decreased expression of c-erbB-1 compared with other skin tumors. c-erbB-2 oncoprotein showed strong cytoplasmic staining in SCC, especially in the invasive tumor mass, and in some deeply dysplastic or hyperplastic portions of AK, though the difference of intensity was not striking between tumors. BCC revealed relatively weaker expression of c-erbB-2 than other skin tumors, which was similar in pattern to c-erbB-1. CONCLUSION: The expression patterns of c-erbB-1 and c-erbB-2 are altered in various skin neoplasms, and seem to be related to the dysplastic status or differentiation level of tumor cells.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cytoplasm ; Keratoacanthoma ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Skin Neoplasms ; Skin* ; Strikes, Employee

The authors reviewed both the clinical and radiographic results of 36 bipolar hemiarthroplasty using the porous-coated Harris-Galante uncemented femoral stem performed for avascular necrosis in 30 patients from January 1985 to June 1992. The average age was about 45.6 years and the average follow-up was fifty-four months. Clinical results by the Harris evaluation method were excellent in 33 cases, good in 2 cases, and fair in 1 case. The radiographic fixation of the femoral stem at final follow-up was bony ingrowth fixation in 31 cases, fibrous ingrowth fixation in 4 cases, and unstable fixation in 1 case. There was neither medial nor superior migration of the bipolar cup of more than two millimeters.
Follow-Up Studies ; Head* ; Hemiarthroplasty* ; Humans ; Necrosis*

The purpose of this study was to investigate the gaps of bone-acetabular component interface, the initial mechanical stability and the effects of adjuvant screw fixation in the press-fitted two different shaped porous-coated acetabular components. Semi-hemispherical Harris-Galante II cup and full hemispherical Trilogy cup were press-fitted with or without adjuvant screw fixation in 40 bovine femur. The gaps of bone-implant interface were measured in each radiography of all specimen and axial compression tests and rotational stability tests were performed using servohydraulic tension-compression machine. There was significantly smaller gap at polar 1/3 region in the specimen implanted with Trilogy cup. But the adjuvant screw fixation did not affect the amount of gap. There was no significant statistical difference in axial load and rotational stability test in each situations of fixation. This study demonstrates that the initial mechanical stability is not influenced by the shape of semi-hemispherical Harris-Galante II cup and full hemispherical Trilogy cup and also independent of adjuvant screw fixation. But smaller gap of Trilogy cup at the polar 1/3 region indicates the possibility that less amout of wear debris of polyethylene or metal will be deposited and therefore less osteolysis or cup loosening will occur, but this hypothesis should be confirmed by the long-term clinical follow-up.
Acetabulum* ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Osteolysis ; Polyethylene ; Radiography

We studied the natural history of asymptomatic early avascular necrosis of the femoral head in forty-three patients(forty-three hips) who had been treated with arthroplasty due to progressed avascular necrosis of femoral head but had no symptoms in the other side. All initial lesions were classified with Ficat staging and International classification(ARCO). The duration until symptom onset and radiologic evidence of disease progression were evaluated. The average follow up period was over 37 months. Among forty-three hips, twenty-nine cases(67.4%) remained asymptomatic until last follow up but fourteen cases(32.6%) were symptomatic during the follow up, and twenty-six cases(60.5%) did not progress on the radiography but seventeen cases(39.5%) progressed to Ficat stage 3 or 4. Fifteen cases of IA, IIA, IB-cental and II B-central without lateral lesion did not occur symptom and didnt progress to Ficat stage 3 or 4 over a period of average 47 months(24-71 months). But fourteen cases of IB, IC, g B and II C progressed to Ficat stage 3 or 4 and they were all lateral lesion. These results suggest careful observation only can be done in the case of small involvement(less than 15%) and medial or central lesion relatively over a long period of time but for the large involvement(more than 30%) and especially lateral lesion, aggressive surgical treatment may be considered even though the early stage of disease for the prevention of progression. However it will need more period of time to accurately compare the results of various methods of treatment.
Arthroplasty ; Disease Progression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head* ; Hip ; Natural History* ; Necrosis* ; Radiography

Necrotizing fasciitis, first described by Wilson in 1952, is one of the most dramatic infectious diseases which develops at the level of superficial fascia and involves the overlying dermis. Clinical diagnosis is often initially confused with cellulitis, and delay in the diagnosis and treatment is associated with high mortality in the range from 30% to 70%. Early diagnosis and prompt excision of all devitalized tissue are critical because any remaining necrotic tissue will continue the rapidly progressive infectious process. We, herein, report a 64-year-old man who was presented with a typical clinical course of necrotizing fasciitis.
Cellulitis ; Communicable Diseases ; Dermis ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Fasciitis, Necrotizing* ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Subcutaneous Tissue

Helicobacter pylori, loss of basement membrane, atrophy, type III intestinal metaplasia, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene mutations and altered p53 function were believed as a factor to develop the gastric adenocarcinomas. To investigate the incidence and prevalence of Helicobacter pylori, intestinal metaplasia and atrophy, 120 gastrectomy specimens collected from patients with gastric adenocarcinoma (100 cases) and non-neoplastic conditions (20 cases) were studied. Intestinal metaplasia can be classified as type I (complete), type II (incomplete, sulfomucin-negative) and type III (incomplete, sulfomucin-positive) by Filipe and Jass. The incidence of intestinal metaplasia of gastric adenocarcinoma was 96% compared with the incidence of 75% in non-neoplastic conditions. The type I and type II were more common than type III and were present in both non-neoplastic conditions (75%) and adenocarcinoma (74%). In contrast, type III intestinal metaplasia was seen in only 20% of intestinal metaplasia-positive cases, all of which (22 of 22) were from patients with adenocarcinoma. The high specificity of type III intestinal metaplasia might be acceptable for screening purposes, but its sensitivity of 22% for gastric adenocarcinoma is low. Helicobacter pylori were detected in 96% of adenocarcinoma cases and 100% of non-neoplastic cases. Atrophy was detected in 50% of non-neoplastic cases and in 57% of adenocarcinoma cases. The data thus confirms a significant relation between incomplete sulfomucin-secreting intestinal metaplasia (type III) and gastric carcinoma, especially intestinal type (p<0.01). Thus, the type III intestinal metaplasia should be considered a risk factor and its presence in a biopsy specimen should prompt close surveillance.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenomatous Polyposis Coli ; Atrophy ; Basement Membrane ; Biopsy ; Gastrectomy ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mass Screening ; Metaplasia* ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Sensitivity and Specificity

To evaluate the relationships among the c-erbB-2 oncogene expression, DNA ploidy and other prognostic factors, an immunohistochemical study of the c-erbB-2 oncogene product and flow cytometric analysis of DNA ploidy were performed in paraffin sections of 42 cases of ovarian carcinomas. The results were as follows: 1) The positive reaction for c-erbB-2 oncogene product was observed mainly along the cytoplasmic membrane, and occasionally within the cytoplasm of the tumor cells. 2) Overall the positivity of c-erbB-2 oncogene expression was 45.2% of the ovarian carcinomas. By the histological types, the positivity was 35.7% in serous carcinoma, 80.0% in mucinous carcinoma, and 45.2% in endometrioid carcinoma; by the degree of differentiation, 57.1% in well differentiated carcinoma, 40.0% in moderately differentiated, and 27.3% in poorly differentiated; by the nuclear grading, 58.3% in grade I, 52.6% in grade II, and 18.2 % in grade III; and by the clinical staging, 57.1% in stage I, 42.8% in stage II, and 35.0% in stage III. The expression of the c-erbB-2 oncogene in the ovarian carcinomas was higher in the tumors of good differentiation, of the lower nuclear grade and of the lower clinical stage. 3) The incidence of DNA aneuploidy in the cases positive for the c-erbB-2 oncogene expression(47.3%) was higher than that in the negative cases(31.4%). From the above results, therefore, it is suggested that the c-erbB-2 oncogene may be involved in the early stage of ovarian carcinogenesis. Also suggested is that ovarian carcinomas positive for the c-erbB-2 oncogene in the early stages may have higher probability of having a DNA aneuploid cell line during the progress of the tumors.
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Aneuploidy ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Endometrioid ; Cell Membrane ; Cytoplasm ; DNA* ; Incidence ; Oncogene Proteins ; Oncogenes ; Paraffin ; Ploidies*

The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory role of vitamin A with respect to activation of Ito cells in fibrosis of the rat liver induced by common bile duct ligation(CBDL). The liver was examined by immunohistochemical staining for a-smooth muscle actin,the known marker of activated Ito cells, and light and electron microscopy after CBDL andCBDL with intraperitoneal injection of retinoic acid (Sigma, USA) 1 mg/Kg in 3 times per week. The results were sumrrlerized as follows: After CBDL, the bile ductules were markedly proliferated in the periportal areas extending toterminal hepatic veins. Interstitial fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration appeared, however,cholestasis was minimal. Retinoic acid treatment with CBDL decreased bile ductular proliferationand interstitial fibrosis compared to CBDL only. After CBDL, proliferated and activated Ito ceIs showing positive reaction in smooth muscle actin were present in the periductular andperisinusoidal areas, and areas of increased interstitial fibrosis. Activated ito cells weredecreased in number after CBDL with vitamin A treatment. Electron microscopically,intracytoplasmic fat droplets and the cytoplasmic processes of Ito cells were decreased afterCBDL. Myofibroblasts were frequently appeared in the interstitial fibrosis after CBDL. But,intracytoplasmic fat droplets of Ito cells were well preserved, and myofibroblasts were found lessfrequently after CBDL with vitamin A treatment. The results suggest that vitamin A plays an inbitory role in the activation and fibrogenesis ofIto cells after CBDL.
Rats ; Animals