The palatal fracture results in deformity of the midface, as well as change in occlusion. However, no report was found on the incidence, treatment and results of palatal fracture in Korea. A retrospective review was done over 6 years and 11 patients(6.5%) with palatal fracture were determind out of 168 patients who had midfacial bone fractures without nasal bone fracture. According to the Hendrickson's classification, the number of patients with specific types of palatal fracture was described as follows; sagittal (2 cases), parasagittal (2 cases), para-alveolar (3 cases), transverse(3 cases) and complex(1 case). Le Fort I (6 cases), Le Fort II (7 cases) and mandible (6 cases) fractures were also associated. Open reduction and internal fixation was applied to all patients. Internal fixation consisted of pyriform or alveolar ridge stabilization and maxillary buttress stabilization. The rigid palatal vault stabilization was applied in one patient with midline split of the palate. The duration of intermaxillary fixation was shortened to less than 3 weeks from 4 to 6 weeks with rigid fixation. The palatal splint was used temporarily before internal fixation. All the patients showed good bony union and satisfactoryocclusion postoperatively. Open reduction and internal fixation showed satisfactory results from the aspects of stability, occlusion, patient convenience and final aesthetics. The following treatment model for palatal fracture according to the fracture type is proposed; 1) Alveolar type - close reduction or open reduction and selective alveolar ridge fixation and selective application of palatal splint, 2) Sagittal type - open reduction and internal fixation of the alveolar ridge, maxillary buttress and palatal vault. 3) Parasagittal type - open reduction and internal fixation of the pyriform aperture and maxillary buttress, as well as selective fixation of the palatal vault. 4) Para-alveolar type - open reduction and internal fixation of the alveolar ridge and maxillary buttress. 5) Complex type - open reduction and internal fixation of the alveolar ridge, maxillary buttress, pyriform aperture and continuous use of a palatal splint to bony union. 6) Transverse type - open reduction and internal fixation of the alveolar ridge and maxillary buttress.
Alveolar Process ; Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Esthetics ; Fractures, Bone ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Mandible ; Nasal Bone ; Palate ; Retrospective Studies ; Splints

Colorectoanal intussusception is a rare and distinct entity that differs from the more common rectal prolapse. Typically the intussusception occurrs with tumor at the apex of the intussuscepted segment acting as lead point. Here we present a case and review the literature of colorectoanal intussusception. The case presented here is that of an elderly woman with a proximal sigmoid colon cancer at its apex. Anterior resection was electively performed after reduction of the intussusception. It is important to differentiate a colorectoanal intussusception from the more common rectal prolapse because treatment may differ. The anorectum remains in its normal anatomic position in colorectoanal intussusception, whereas the anal canal is effaced with the prolapsed segment of bowel in rectal prolapse. Identification of a tumor at the apex of the intussuscepted bowel should also arouse suspicion that the condition is not a rectal prolapse.
Aged ; Anal Canal ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Intussusception* ; Rectal Prolapse ; Sigmoid Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to investigate the biomechanical and histological changes in the muscles after tendon injury that have been little studied previously. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Triceps insertion was tenotomized on the left hidlimbs of 60 rabbits. Mechanical extension testing with Instron (rate: 10 mm/min) was performed 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks after tenotomy in vivo. A load deformation curve was obtained, and this was analyzed in terms of strength and deformation at the elastic limit and at the point of maximal load. Histologic changes were observed after H < E staining and Matson s trichrome staining to measure the percentage area of collagen fibers. RESULTS: Between weeks 1 and 4, the excursion range fell gradually, and after that period, this value showed little changes. After its initial period of disequilibrium, the muscle regained its elastic nature within its newly formed excursion range. The average amount of collagen fibers increased gradually after tenotomy until 8th week. CONCLUSIONS: unless tendon ruptures are repaired early, the accompanying muscle would be irreversibly damaged, both bimechanically and histologically.
Collagen ; Muscles ; Rabbits ; Rupture ; Tendon Injuries ; Tendons ; Tenotomy*

Traumatic optic neuropathy is one of true ophthalmic emergencies and there is no proven form of treatment for traumatic optic neuropathy. 82 cases of traumatic optic neuropathy were investigated to evaluate the effectiveness of high dose corticosteroid for the visual improvement. Age, sex, initial visual acuity, final visual acuity, interval to treatment, the type of trauma and the affected region were studied retrospectively.250 mg of Methylprednisolone was administered intravenously every 6 hours for 3 days, and then followed by tapering using oral prednisone The vision was improved in 36 of 82 cases[43.9%]. It was difficult to interpret the relation-ships between the affected region and visual improvement, the interval for each treatment and final visual acuity. However, the vision was improved in 45 of 50 cases who had an initial visual acuity of above light perception, but in the two of 32 cases with no light perception. If indicated, fifteen cases were treated with a combination of high dose corticosteroid and optic nerve decompression. In initial treatment of traumatic optic neuropathy, high dose corticosteroid was effecive. Whether or not initial visual acuity was better than light perception was a key risk factor in the outcome.
Decompression ; Emergencies ; Methylprednisolone ; Optic Nerve ; Optic Nerve Injuries* ; Prednisone ; Risk Factors ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: Congenital anomalies are known as a major cause of neonatal death with prematurity and birth injuries. We surveyed the incidence of congenital anomalies among livebirths and stillbirths delivered at our hospital, and detected in neonatal and postneonatal period. METHODS: The statistical study was done about congenital anomalies among 9,569 deliveries (9,438 livebirths and 131 stillbirths) at Ulsan University Hospital during the periods of 5 years from Jan 1992 to Dec 1996. We reviewed delivery and newborn record, OPD chart, admission chart retrospectively. We investigated the incidence of congenital anomaly according to each year, period, outcome of delivery, sex, birth weight, gestational age, maternal age, Apgar score, multiple pregnancy, and each system. RESULTS: 1) The overall incidence of congenital anomalies was 5.0% (481 cases) among 9,569 deliveries. The annual incidence was 4.5% in 1992, 5.1% in 1993, 5.2% in 1994, 5.8% in 1995, 4.7% in 1996. 2) The incidence of congenital anomalies detected in neonatal period was 3.5% (333 cases) and 1.5% (148 cases) in postneonatal periods. 3) The incidence of congenital anomalies was 4.9% among live births and 9.2% among stillbirths. 4) The incidence of congenital anomalies was 5.3% in male and 4.7% in female. 5) The incidence of congenital anomalies among the babies, below 2,500g of birth weight was 7.7%, between 2,500g and 3,999g was 4.7%, and over 4,000g was 6.8N. 6) The incidence of congenital anomalies among the babies, below 32 weeks of gestational age was 12.9%, between 32 weeks and 36 weeks was 7.4%, between 37 weeks and 41 weeks was 4.7%, and over 42 weeks was 5.1%. 7) The babies born to mothers younger than 20 years of age have anomalies in 7.1%, mother between 20 years of age and 35 years of age in 5.0%, and older than 35 years of age in 6.5%. 8) The incidence of congenital anomalies according to Apgar score among live births between 0 and 3 was 9.8%, between 4 and 6 was 6.0%, and between 7 and 10 was 5.0%. 9) The incidence of congenital anomalies according to multiple pregnancy was 8.6%. 10)The systems of congenital anomalies in order of incidence were as follows; The digestive system (25.6%), the cardiovascular system (22.1%), the genitourinary system (18.9%), the musculoskeletal system (15.5%), the skin and soft tissue (11.7%), the central nervous system (1.6%), the respiratory system (l%), the others (3.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Regular examination and screening on congenital anomaly is required from newborn period to infant and childhood. In view of these considerations, the incidence of congenital anomaly may be increased more than the past reports because of development of recent diagnostic techniques.
Apgar Score ; Birth Injuries ; Birth Weight ; Cardiovascular System ; Central Nervous System ; Digestive System ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Live Birth ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Maternal Age ; Mothers ; Musculoskeletal System ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Multiple ; Respiratory System ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin ; Statistics as Topic* ; Stillbirth ; Ulsan ; Urogenital System

No abstract available.
Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous*

We report a case of calcinosis cutis following administration of 10% calcium gluconate, used for the treatment of a hypocalcemic seizure in a 5-week-old neonate. After administration of 10% calcium gluconate, subcutaneous induration developed at the infusion site. The histopathological findings taken from the dorsum of the left foot showed multiple foci of calcium deposits with infiltration of epitheloid histiocytes between collagen bundles and foreign body giant cells phagocyting calcific granules throughout the reticular dermis and subcutis.
Administration, Intravenous* ; Calcinosis* ; Calcium Gluconate* ; Calcium* ; Collagen ; Dermis ; Foot ; Giant Cells, Foreign-Body ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Seizures

No abstract available.
Diabetes Insipidus* ; Diagnosis*