No abstract available.
Adult* ; Doxycycline ; Humans ; Tooth*

No abstract available.
Ascorbic Acid* ; Lymphocytes* ; Macrophages, Peritoneal* ; Phagocytosis*

No abstract available.
Social Workers

Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes may play an important role in many human cancers including breast. This study was done to determine the relationship between the expression of p53 and Rb protein and prognostic factors such as histopathologic differentiation, tumor size, and lymph node metastasis. In 57 cases of breast invasive ductal carcinomas, the immunohistochemical staining with p53 and Rb protein gave the following results: p53 protein was detected in 45.6% (26/57) of cases. Tumors with large size, poor differentiation or lymph node metastases tended to show increased expression of p53 protein. However, p53 protein expression did not show any significant correlation with prognostic factors such as tumor size (p value 0.25), histologic grade (p value 0.75), and positive lymph node status (p value 0.26). Rb protein was detected in 57.9% (33/57) of cases. Rb protein also did not show any significant correlation with prognostic factors such as tumor size (p value 0.56), histologic grade (p value 0.71), and positive lymph node status (p value 0.98). There was no significant correlation between p53 expression and Rb protein expression (p value 0.80).
Breast* ; Carcinoma, Ductal* ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Retinoblastoma Protein*

Winging of the scapula is characterized clinically by a prominence of the vertebral border and inferior angle of the scapula. Trauma, neuritis, neural injury during surgical procedure and many other causes may develop winging of scapula. When pain and functional impairment persist, surgical intervention may become appropriate. We report two cases of winged scapula. One case was serratus anterior palsy due to blunt trauma, which was treated by transfer of teres major and pectoralis minor elongated with a tensor fascia strip. Another case was trapezius muscle palsy due to iatrogenic spinal accessary nerve injury, which was treated by transfer of the levator scapulae, rhomboid major and rhomboid minor muscle. In the former case, there was no weakness nor deformity of affected shoulder. In the later case, there was some residual pain and limitation of motion.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Fascia ; Neuritis ; Paralysis ; Scapula* ; Shoulder ; Superficial Back Muscles

Turner's syndrome results from complete or partial monosomy of the X chromosome and is characterized by hypogonadism or related other congenital anomalies in phenotypic females. In these patients, there are failure to develop normal secondary sex characteristics, amenorrhea, or short stature at puberty and the ovaries are reduced to atrophic fibrous strands devoid of ova and follicles(streak gonads). Individuals with this condition are particularly prone to the development of gonadoblastoma. For this reason, the gonads should be early removed and supplemental estrogen therapy given. We experienced a case of Turner's syndrome, 45, XO/46, XY karyotype in a 20-year-old phenotypic female complained an amenorrhea. On the exploratory laparotomy, the right gonadal mass is sevearly adhered to the adjacent organs and measures 8 x 5 x 5 cm in dimension and 75gm in weight and shows multiple foci of hemorrhage with necrosis. The left streak gonad measures 3.5 x 2 x 1.5 cm in dimension and shows multiple foci of calcification. Microscopically, the right gonadal mass reveals malignant mixed germ cell tumor, composed of endodermal sinus tumor, composed of endodermal sinus tumor with dysgerminoma and gonadoblastoma. The left streak gonad consists of mainly dense fibrous connective tissue and shows some foci of calcification associated with gonadoblastoma. On immunohistochemical and special stainings, the cytoplasm and hyalin droplets of the endodermal sinus tumor component reveal strong positivity to the a-fetoprotein and PAS. After removal of both gonads, the serum level of the a-fetoprotein is markedly down from 1742ng/ml to 2.6 ng/ml.
Female ; Humans

Fixation failure is a major complication of intertrochanteric fracture. The causes of fixation failure were assessed in a series of 80 patients with intertrochanteric fractures, which had been internally fixed with either a sliding hip screw or a Gamma interlocking nail. The overall rate of fixation failure was 16.3%, in which the cutting-out of the implant from the femoral head was the only cause of the instance. The cutting-out rate was influenced by the accuracy of fracture reduction, the position of implant placement within the femoral head, and the bone mineral density. Anatomical reduction and the central placement of implant within the femoral head showed the most excellent results compared to other treatment modalities. Age, gender, fracture type and a kind of fixation implant had no significant effect. Our results showed that the intertrochanteric fractures should be reduced as anatomically as possible and it is essential that the central placement of the implant within the femoral head be obtained.
Bone Density ; Head ; Hip ; Hip Fractures* ; Humans

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of commonly used orthopaedic material, stainless steel (SS) screw (2.7xlOmm, Synthes) and titanium (Ti) screw (2.7x10mm, Synthes), on bacterial adherence and infection. The bacteria used for this study was Staphylococcus epidermidis for its ability of adherence. For in vitro assay, screws of each material were placed into test tube containing 107 colony forming unit (CFU) of S. epidermidis in trypticase soy broth for 18 hours. Following incubation, each screws were treated either with trypsin or with an ultrasonic cleaner. For in vivo assay, we inoculated 5x107 CFU of S. epidermidis into the proximal tibial metaphysis of the rabbits, and then inserted Ti screw on the right side and SS screw on the left side. The amount of in vitro adherence of S. epidermidis was greater for SS screw than for Ti screw. Especially following trypsin treatment, SS groups yielded significantly higher bacterial counts than Ti group, respectively (1.4x105 CFU vs 2.8x104 CFU, p<0.05). We found a significantly higher bacterial count after use of SS screw than after Ti screw in rabbits in vivo assay also. Trypsin treatment for identifying biofilm embedded bacteria from implanted metal may be useful in the diagnosis of infection. Ti screw appears to have biocompatibility to inhibit bacterial adherence compared with SS screw in the rabbit tibial model.
Bacteria ; Bacterial Load ; Biofilms ; Diagnosis ; Rabbits ; Stainless Steel ; Staphylococcus epidermidis ; Stem Cells ; Titanium ; Trypsin ; Ultrasonics

A clinical study was made on 12 cases of neonatal Group B beta-hemolytic streptococcal (=GBS) meningitis, who were admitted to the department of pediatrics, Dong-San Hospital, Keimyung University during the period of 3 years from Aug 1989 to Jul 1992. The following results were obtained: 1) GBS was cultured in 12 cases (57.1%) among 21 neonatal meningitis admitted during the same period. 2) Male and female ratio was 1.4:1, and 4 cases had early-onset and 8 cases had late-onset. 3) In 6 (50%) out of 12 cases, obstetric factors were noted, including premature rupture of membrane (2 caes), premature delivery(1 case), asphyxia (1 case), cesarean section (1 case) and maternal toxemia (1case). 4) The clinical manifestations were fever (91.7%), lethargy and poor feeding (83.3%),vomiting and irritability (50%), convulsion and bulging fontanel in order. 5) Associated diseases were GBS sepsis (8 cases), pneumonia (2 cases), hyperbilirubinemia (2 cases), etc. 6) Cerebrospinal fluid findings were increased cells(250-12600/mm3), decreased sugar (1-11), increased protim (220-678mg%) and the CBC differential ratio was less than 1.0 in all cases. 7) Overall survival rate was 83.3% with 75% in early-onset disease, and 87.5% in late-onsetdisease. 8) The acute neurologic complications were noted in 5 cases (45.5%) including subdural hemorrhage, brain swelling and cerebral infarction.
Asphyxia ; Brain Edema ; Cerebral Infarction ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Fever ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia ; Infant, Newborn ; Lethargy ; Male ; Membranes ; Meningitis* ; Pediatrics ; Pneumonia ; Pregnancy ; Rupture ; Seizures ; Sepsis ; Survival Rate ; Toxemia