Under the direct endoscopic manipulation, 15 internal urethrotomies in 14 cases with urethral stricture were applied at our department from March to August, 1983. Following results were obtained: 1. The cause of 14 cases hospitalized, were injury in 13 cases and tuberculosis in one. The sites of urethral stricture were anterior urethra in 8 cases and posterior urethra in 6. The managements before applying direct visual internal urethrotomy were dilatation in 1 case having tuberculous urethral stricture and initial cystostomy just after in 13 cases. In 3 cases of them, Otis internal urethrotomy and urethroplasty had performed in one previously. 2. The length of urethral stricture estimate on preoperative retrograde urethrogram was less than 0.5cm in 3 cases, 0.6 to 1.0 cm in 5, 1.1 to 2.0 cm in 2, and 2.1 to 3.0 cm in 4, all of them were less than 3.0 cm. 3. The periods of catheter indwelling postoperatively were less than 3 days in 6 cases, 4 to 7 days in 7 and more than 8 days in only one, predominantly less than 7 days in 13. 4. The maximum flow rates were excellent or improved postoperatively. Voiding cystourethrogram was more valuable than retrograde urethrogram in urethral stricture. 5. Epididymitis in 1 case and urethral bleeding in 2 as postoperative complications were present. These results implied that the visual internal urethrotomy was a valuable method as the management before deciding to perform urethroplasty.
Catheters ; Cystostomy ; Dilatation ; Epididymitis ; Hemorrhage ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Tuberculosis ; Urethra ; Urethral Stricture*

Fifteen patients with urethral stricture were treated with Otis urethrotome at our hospital during the period from November 1982 to August 1983. The results were as follows: 1. The age distribution ranges from 13 to 48years old, the mean of 15 cases was 34.7 years old, The causes of urethral stricture were traumatic in 13 cases and iatrogenic in 2. The sites of urethral stricture were anterior urethra in 8 cases and posterior in 7. The preliminary managements before internal urethrotomy were cystostomy in 11 cases, urethroplasty in 3 and internal urethrotomy with Maisonneuve urethrotome in 1. 2. The length of urethral stricture measured on preoperative retrograde urethrogram and < or =0.5 cm in 2 cases, 0.6-1.0 cm in 6, 1.1-2.0 cm in 3 and 2.1-3.0 cm. in 4, All of them revealed < or =3.0 cm. 3. The foley catheter was indwelled for the period from 2 to 6 weeks and mean duration of the indwelling catheter was 19.3 days; < or =3 weeks in 8 cases and >3 weeks in 7. 4. Satisfactory (> or =20 ml/sec) and improved maximum flow (15 to 19 ml/sec) were in 10 cases and unsatisfactory (< or =14 ml/sec) in 5, three of them followed visual internal urethrotomy and satisfactory results were obtained. The retrograde urethrograms were slightly improved postoperatively. 5. Postoperative complications noticed in 3 cases (20%); false way in 2 cases, urethral bleeding associated with fever in one. From above experience, we believe that internal urethrotomy is a valuable method for nearly all types of patent urethral stricture.
Age Distribution ; Catheters ; Catheters, Indwelling ; Cystostomy ; Fever ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Urethra ; Urethral Stricture*

We carried out the mouse tail technique and the Candida albicans test for the study of the phototoxic reaction to amiodarone. The mouse tail technique is based on the inflammatory response of mouse tails after systemic administration of the drug and UVA irradiation and the Candida albicans test is based on growth inhibition of Candida albicana In the mouse tail technique, following the administration of amiodarone and UVA irradia tion for 5 consecutive days, there was a significant increase(14% ) in the relative water content as compared to other control groups. In the Candida albicans test, UVA irradiation after pretreatment with amiodarone resulted in a clear Candida-free zone around the disc. The results showed that amiodarone had a phototoxic potential and that both of the methods were a good screening test for demonstrat.ing the phototoxicity of a certain drug.
Amiodarone ; Animals ; Candida albicans* ; Candida* ; Dermatitis, Phototoxic ; Mass Screening ; Mice* ; Tail* ; Water

BACKGROUND: There is concem about the rising incidence of skin cancer. However, few articles have reported the change in the clinical and epidemiological aspects of skin cancer. OBJECTIVE: We performed this study in order to clarifiy the recent changes in cutaneous premalignant and malignant lesions. METHODS: A statistical analysis was made using 101 cases of cutaneous premalignant lesions and 205 cases of ma]ignant tumors out of a total number of 20,175 new outpatients that visited the Department of Dermatology at the Seoul National University Hospital during a 6 year period(1990-1995). RESULTS: The frequency of premalignant lesions was 0.50% and that of malignant tumors was 1.02%. The frequency showed an increasing tendency compared to previous reports. In the premalignant lesion cases, actinic keratosis was most common and represented a figure of 82.2%. Among the malignant tumors, basal cell carcinoma was most frequent at 24.4%. Age, sex and anatomical site distribution of basal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma was no different. The mean age of squamous cell carcinoma was greater than in previous reports and main preceding lesions were actinic keratosis and cheilitis. The frequency of lymphoma was markedly increased but the reason for this remains to be determined. CONCLUSION: Our findings showed the continous increasing incidence of skin cancers and emphasize the need for public eduacation, early diagnosis and proper treatment.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cheilitis ; Dermatology ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Lymphoma ; Melanoma ; Outpatients ; Seoul ; Skin Neoplasms ; Statistics as Topic*

No abstract available.
Vitamin K Deficiency* ; Vitamin K* ; Vitamins*

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: Basal cell carcinoma(BCC) is the commonest type of skin malignacy, and its incidence is increasing. As a result, the number of cases requiring treatment by dermatologists may also be increasing. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to clarify the presentation pattern of BCC and to assessce the surgical treatment used in the dermatological surgery clinics in Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul City Boramae Hosptial between 1994 to 1998. METHOD: We reviewed the medical records and checked clinical aspects and surgical treatment methods. RESULTS: The Total number of patients was 33. There were 21 Females and 12 males. The Mean age was 63.1. The most common anatomical site was the face and scalp(30 cases, 91%). The mean size of the tumor was 12.2 by 9.6 mm. BCCs were removed by complete surgical excision with a normal skin margin of 2 to 4 mm. The local flap was most commonly used to repair surgical wounds (55%) and primary closure was used in 39% of patients. A Pedicle flap and full thickness skin graft were also used in surgical defect reconstruction. CONCLUSION: With increasing public awareness and earlier presentation there may be a reduction in tumor size at the time of diagnosis. As most BCCs are found on the head and neck and are usually more or less than 1cm in diameter, it is thought that appropriate education of surgical skills should be needed and offered.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Diagnosis ; Education ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Medical Records ; Neck ; Seoul ; Skin ; Transplants ; Wounds and Injuries*

The questions concerning storage temperature and storage duration of the fortified ophthalmic antibiotic solutions are raised. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the influence of fortified ophthalmic antibiotic solutions on its biological and physical properties according to the storage temperature and duration as time goes by. We examined the changes of pH, absorbance spectra, and anti-microbial activity of cefradine(63mg/ml)and gentamicin sulfate(13.6mg/ml) over a four-week period. The results were as follows: There was no difference between the potency of fortified GM solutions stored at 4 degrees C and that at 24 degrees C for 4 weeks. The cefradine stored 24 degrees C exhibited significant changes in both its tJotency and stability after ithe seventh day of storage. The cefradine stored at 4 degrees C exhibited changes in Its absorbance spectra day by day and potency after 14th day.
Cephradine ; Gentamicins ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Ophthalmic Solutions*

Leiomyoma of the urethra is a rare entity. We experienced a case of leiomyoma in the female urethra recently. Twenty-eight-year-old multiparous woman admitted to the Department of Urology, Busan National University Hospital with the chief complaint of a painless mass on the anterior lip of the external urethral meatus. The mass was easily removed by electroresection. It was an ovoid mass, 3.0 x 2.0 x 2.0 cm in size, and was firm and well-encapsulated. Histologically it was confirmed as a benign leiomyoma.
Busan ; Female* ; Humans ; Leiomyoma* ; Lip ; Urethra* ; Urology

Electrical stimulation is recently rising as a treatment protocol of dysphagia. The mechanism is known to induce the pharyngeal reflex to stimulate the sensory nerve around the neck. However, elevation of the hyoid and pharynx to stimulate the suprahyoid muscles (esp. mylohyoid muscle) is thought to be more beneficial. We presented 3 cases to improve the dysphagia after stimulation of the suprahyoid muscles to elevate the hyoid and pharynx similar to the normal swallowing during 4 weeks.
Clinical Protocols ; Deglutition ; Deglutition Disorders* ; Electric Stimulation ; Gagging ; Humans ; Muscles ; Neck ; Pharynx