Ketalar, a new parenteral anesthetic, was used as a clinical trial for 14 surgical cases ranged from 2 to 15 year old children, and also intraocular pressures of their patient's sound eyes were measured before and after Ketalar injection, I.M. 5-10 mg/kg. Unlike conventional anesthetic agents, Ketalar caused a significant rise in intraocular pressure within 5 minutes and then the pressure improved to normal range about 15 minutes after Ketalar injection. Ketalar could not recommended as a general anethetic agent in case who should examine the intraocular pressure. In eye surgery under 15 year old children, this agent would be a safe and effective general anesthetic, and in an emergent eye injured case, Ketalar is an agent of first choice and can injects to patient regardless of diet intake.
Adolescent ; Anesthetics ; Child* ; Diet ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure* ; Ketamine* ; Reference Values

In search of the effect of air pollution on the eye, the authors examined ocular symptoms and diseases in both an urban(Seoul) and two rural populations (Suwon and Changsung). The Prevalence rate of ocular symptoms and diseases between 109 occupational drivers of more than 3 years career in Seoul area which is one of the air polluted urban areas and 150 populations in the two different rural areas as a control group were compared. The prevalence rate of ocular symptoms was 89% in Seoul, 10% in Suwon and 23% in Changsung area, and those of ocular diseases were 35%, 6% and 10% in the same areas, respectively. The prevalence rate of ocular symptoms and diseases is respectively 3 to 4 times more prevalent in occupational drivers than in the control groups. Many other etiologic factors such as occupation, labor condition, environmental stress or different way of living may influence the prevalence rate between the two groups, however, it would be presumed that the main causative factor to cause ocular symptoms and diseases is probably due to air pollution.
Air Pollution ; Gyeonggi-do ; Occupations ; Prevalence* ; Rural Population* ; Seoul

Authors experienced five different cases of keratitis such as metaherpetic keratitis, bullous keratitis, chemical keratitis and superficial punctate keratitis have been markedly improved by subconjunctival injection of Tathion (30-50mg), a glutathion prepartion. All cases showed remarkable improvement with better visual acuity following the treatment. Especially it was another choice of treatment in persisting case of metaherpetic keratitis with parenchymal infiltration. No side effects have been observed during this procedure.
Keratitis* ; Visual Acuity

Authore examined for the width, the trabecular pigment band and the iris process of the chamber angle in the non-glaucomatous eyes of the Korean people (total 86 eyes, among (them male 58 eyes, female 28 eyes, and ages of 7-67) by using the 3 mirror contact lens and slit-lamp (Goldmann 900). And these findings were evaluated with the age and the sex distribution. Also these preliminary data are now assisting in the study of pathologic findings of the chamber angle.
Female ; Humans ; Iris ; Male ; Sex Distribution

The authors analysed statistically 223 cases of the eye injuries among 17,547 out-patients who visited to our clinic located at down-town of the city during Jan. 1965 to Sept. 1967. The incidence of the eye injuries is remarkably lower than the other reports from other communities. As far as the objects of eye injuries were concerned, ironpiece, fist and coal-dust were more frequent in 21~40 year-age group, while in under 10 year age group, knife, nail and finger-tip were more frequent. Male was exceedingly prevalent (162) than female (61). 21~30 year age group was also prevalent in regard to the incidence of the injuries.
Eye Injuries* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Outpatients*

Two cases of typical granular corneal dystrophy, a girl of 22 years old and her younger brother of 18 years old, were observed clinically. Considerably active reaction of the pilocarpine test was observed on the case and the result was evaluated. References which cover various aspects of the corneal dystrophy were reviewed.
Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Pilocarpine ; Siblings ; Young Adult

The permeability in vitro of rabbit corneal epithelium alone and whole cornea to four radioactive substances of various molecular weights-tritiated water (THO: molecular weight 22), mannitol (molecular weight 182), inulin(molecular weight 5,175), and dextran(molecular weight 77,500)-was directly measured by using a newly designed lucite chamber (Fig.1) and a proportional counter system for radioisotope experiments. The permeability of the corneal epithelium and the whole cornea varied with the size of molecular weight (Fig.4) and curvilineally with respect to molecular radius (Fig.5). Certainly the data (Table 2 and 3) support that the greater part of non-electrolyte permeation was through intercellular spaces passively. The epithelial or whole corneal permeability fell markedly as the molecular weight increased from 22 to 5,175. Above the molecular size of inulin, the permeability decreased much as the molecular weight increased. Generally, tritiated water permeability was about 150 times greater than that of mannitol and about 2,000 times than that of inulin and about 10,000 times than that of dextran. The difference between the permeability of the epithelium alone and that of the whole cornea was not noticed. Futhermore, the permeability, either of epithelium alone or the whole cornea, did not vary significantly depending upon the location of the hot side with any of the four kinds of isotope-labelled solutes, whether it was set at the epithelial or endothelial side of the corneal membrane (P>0.1). These results may support that the epithelial layer plays a main role as a physical barrier for nonelectrolyte solutes movement across the rabbit cornea.
Cornea* ; Dextrans ; Epithelium ; Epithelium, Corneal* ; Extracellular Space ; Inulin ; Mannitol ; Membranes ; Molecular Weight ; Permeability* ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Radius ; Water

During a four-week postoperative course, the central and peripheral corneal thicknesses of 23 intracapsular cataract extraction cases (only one case by extracapsular) were measured with the Mishima-Hedbys modification of the Haag-Streit Corneal Pachometer. The results were as follows: 1. Before surgery, the mean of the average central corneal thickness was 0.52 +/- 0.02(S.D.)mm in central part and 0.64 +/- 0.03mm in peripheral part. 2. During 2~3 postoperative days, the central corneal thickness was increased highly and its mean thickness was 0.70 +/- 0.08mm (34.6% increment), and there after the corneal thickness was found to be decreasing to the mean value of 0.53 +/- 0.03mm on 17~20 postoperative days which there was no significant difference from original thickness (P>0.05). 3. Peripheral corneal thickness also increased slightly (0.75 +/- 0.04mm, 14%increment) on 2-3 postoperative days and there after the peripheral thickness was gradually decreased to the original thickness up to 12~13 postoperative days (0.66 +/- 0.04mm, P>0.05) which reveals much earlier improvement than that of the central corneal thickness (17~20 POD).
Cataract Extraction ; Cataract*

During the last one year. 23 selected cases of various glaucomatous eyes were received trabeculectom y ab extemo (5 X 3mm scleral-flap with a large peripheral iridectomy and only two scleral-flap corners sutures) under surgical microscope. Success cases which were controlled ocular tension to normal are 21 eyes(91.3%) out of total 23 glaucomatous eyes. Especially, all 11 eyes of simple open angle glaucoma were obtained excellent normotension after trabeculectomy, But one case of absolute glaucoma was failed because of vitreous prolapse, and another failed case was in group of acute closed glaucoma due to surgical complication of total hyphema(Table 1, 2).
Glaucoma ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle ; Intraocular Pressure ; Iridectomy ; Prolapse ; Trabeculectomy*

BACKGROUND: The proper management of the patients with hypotention remains a difficult clinical problem. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of gepefrin in the treament of symptomatic hypotensive patients in outpatient clinic of university hospital. METHODS: Thirty milligrams of Gepefrin was given twice daily for 4 weeks in 30 patients with hypotension(6 males, 24 females ; 23-60 years of age). Blood pressure, heart rate, subjective symptoms and side effects were checked before medication and at the end of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th week of medication. RESULTS: 1) Grpefrin increased sitting systolic blood pressure significantly(p<0.05) by the end of 1st week and thereafter. 2) Hypotensive symptoms were improved in 76% of hypotensive patients and overall rate of usefulness was 70%. 3) Heart rate did not change significantly. 4) One patient complained of loose bowel movement and another one, of anorexia among 30 study patients and all laboratory parameters were within normal limits before and after drug treatment, thus the rate of safety was 93%. CONCLUSION: Results from this study suggests that gepefrin 60mg daily increases the blood pressure mildly and improves the symptoms moderately in symptomatic hypotensive patients.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Anorexia ; Blood Pressure ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypotension* ; Male ; Quality of Life