No abstract available.
Headache*

No abstract available.
Prevalence* ; Thyroid Function Tests* ; Thyroid Gland*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Humans* ; Leprosy*

It is socially fortunate that there is little chance in the civil hospital to experience the victims of high velocity missiles. However it is reasonable thought to educate doctors about the gunshot and explosive injuries who might be mobilized in emergency condition. Authors have experiences to treat the high velocity missile wounds. In order to provide valid data to be an educational material, we clinically analyzed 41cases of those injuries who were treated at the Capital Armed Forces General Hospital from 19xx to 19xx. The results obtained were as follows: 1. In 15 cases there were only soft tissue injuries, The remaining 26 cases had the bone injuries and six of them had two injury sites. 2. In 28 cases the lower extremities were injuried, and they out-numbered the injury of upper extremities. The most frequent site of injuries was the thigh (31.7%). 3. Most common associated injuries were the periphenal nerve injuries, which numbered 10 cases. 4. The early operative treatments were given in 5 out of 32 cases having bone injuries. And the secondary operations, including bone graft and intemal fixation, had to be done in 10 out of the remaining 27 cases due to delayed union or nonunion. 5. There was no infection in cases having only the soft tissue injuries. But the localized osteomyelitis occurred in 4 cases among the cases having bony injuries. 6. Factors affecting the result of high velocity missile wounds were presence of bony involvement, site and extent of injuries, associated thoracoabdominal injuries and presence of peripheral nerve injuries and infection. 7. The evacuation time, chance of early adequate wound management, site of injury and extent of injury were the important factors in deciding the method of treatment. We suggest that the more selective and aggressive measures should be taken in the management of bony injuries.
Arm ; Emergencies ; Extremities ; Hospitals, General ; Lower Extremity ; Methods ; Osteomyelitis ; Peripheral Nerve Injuries ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Thigh ; Transplants ; Upper Extremity ; Wounds and Injuries

Renal artery aneurysm (RAA) is uncommon, and the coexistence of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an extremely rare condition with potentially high life-threatening mortality in case of rupture. Aneurysms can be treated by endovascular intervention or open surgery. Although most of aneurysms are treated by endovascular intervention, open surgery is often necessary for RAAs associated with the proximal renal bifurcation or the branches in the distal renal arteries. We report a rare case of coexisting RAA with AAA treated by hybrid method, consisting of endovascular aneurysm repair for AAA and open surgery for RAA located adjacent to the distal branches of the renal artery.
Aneurysm* ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal* ; Gallbladder Neoplasms* ; Humans ; Mortality ; Renal Artery* ; Rupture

No abstract available.
Humans ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic*

No abstract available.
Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Nodule*

To determine clinical features and outcomes of retinal detachments[RDs] following trans-scleral fixation of posterior chamber intraocular lens[PC-IOL], we reviewed the medical records of 249 eyes[239 patients] which had undergone trans-scleral fixation of PC-IOL and had been followed 6 months or longer. Retinal detachment occurred in 8 out of 249 eyes[3.2%]. The incidences of RDs were as follows:in 2/19 eyes[10.5%] with PC-IOL exchange for PC-IOL tilt, in 1/16 eyes[6.3%] with posterior capsule rupture during ECCE, in 1/26 eyes[3.8%] with ICCE, in 2/78 eyes[2.6%] with posterior capsule rupture during phacoemusification, in 2/106 eyes[1.9%] with aphakia, and in 0/4 eyes[0%] with anterior IOL exchange with PC-IOL. The sites of retinal break corresponded with the directions of needle during fixation in 5/8 eyes[62.5%] and all retinal breaks were located anterior to the equator. The timing of RD was between 2 weeks and 4.8 years after fixation although it occured within 2 months in most cases. Pars plana vitrectomy and scleral buckling were performed in 7 eyes and scleral buckling only in one eye. Retinal reattachment was achieved in seven eyes including three eyes which required two surgical interventions. The vitrectomy should be performed with meticulous care to reduce vitreous traction as much as possible during trans-scleral fixation of PC-IOL and a close follow-up examination for RD is required during the first two months.
Aphakia ; Follow-Up Studies ; Incidence ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Medical Records ; Needles ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde* ; Rupture ; Scleral Buckling ; Traction ; Vitrectomy

PURPOSE: Nocturnal enuresis is one of the most common disorders of childhood, occurring in 15% of 5 year-old children. Although usually self-limiting, justification for early treatment has been founded in psyc hological impact on the child. Many investigators have reported upon the effectiveness of prospectively studied to compare the therapeutic effect between imipramine (Tofranil) and desmopressin (Minirin/1-Desamino-8-D-Arginine Vasopressin: DDAVP) on the monosymptomatic enuretic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 83 enuretic patients (primary enuresis 64 cases, secondary enuresis 19 cases) were randomized th one of two groups: imipramine group(44 cases) or desmopressin group (39 cases). They were free of other abnormalities in the screening tests. In addition to drug therapy, all of cases were performed motivational counselling, reduction of fluid in take prior to bedtime and voiding diary. The efficacy of drug was measured in reduction of the number of wet nights per week. During the treatment period, 83 cases were classified as excellent (0 to 1 wet night per week), good (over 59% reduction of wet night)and failed responder(less than 50% reduction of wet night). RESULTS: Average age of imipramine group and desmopressin group was 9.3 years (range 5-17) and 9.6 years (range 5-17), respectively. The number of wet nights per week decreased respectively from a mean of 6.1 to 3.4 in imipramine group are from a mean of 6.4 to 2.3 in desmopressin group. Average therapeutic duration and overall response rate in the imipeamine group and desmopressin group was 9.1 weeks, 6.7 weeks (p<0.05) and 90.9%, 95.9%, respectively (p<0.05). The overall relapse rate of imipramine group and desmopressin group was 40.0% and 40.8% during the follow-up period of 3 months after cessation of medication in excellent responders. There was no difference in the therapeutic effects between primary and secondary enuresis on each drug therapy. There was also on no difference in the therapeutic response according to constipation. No serious side effects were observed in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the overall effects of imipramine and desmopressin are excellent. But desmopressin has more effective therapeutic response and more shorter therapeutic duration as compared with imipramine.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Constipation ; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin* ; Drug Therapy ; Enuresis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Imipramine* ; Mass Screening ; Nocturnal Enuresis ; Prospective Studies ; Recurrence ; Research Personnel ; Vasopressins