Dementia is defined as a syndrome which is characterized by various impairments in cognitive functions, especially memory function, Most of the diagnostic criteria for dementia include memory impairment as no essential feature. Memory decline can be present as a consequence of the aging process, But it does not cause significant distress or impairment in social and occupational functionings while dementiadoes. Depression may also be associated with memory impairment. funcitionings while dementiadoes. Depression may also be associated with memory impairment. However, unlike dementia, depression dose not cause decrease in delayed verbal learning and recognition memory. In dementia, different features of memory impairment may be present depending on the involved area. Memory impairment in cortical dementia is affected by the disturbance of encoding of information and memory consolidation, while memory imparnene in subcrotical denentiy is affected y the disturbance of retrieval in subcortial dementia.
Aging ; Dementia ; Depression ; Humans ; Memory* ; Verbal Learning

A case of multiple myeloma associated with adenocarcinoma of the stomach was review. A 59-year, old Korean man had been abmitted to St. Mary's Hospital in January 1984, with chief complaint of posterior neck pain, and intermittent headache for one year prior to amission. Osteo lytic punched-out lesions were noted on skull and other skeletal x-ray films. Bone marrow aspirates revealed diffuse infiltration of mature and immature plasma cells. Laboratory findings revealed anemia and Bence-Jones proteinuria. Immunoelectrophoresis revealed findings consistent with IgA-lamda type multiple myloma. Alkylating agents and steroids were tried with some clinical improvements. In August 1985, the patient revisited outpatient clinic with chief complaints of epigastric pain and neck mass. Endoscopic biopsy and excision biopsy of the cervical lymph node were performed. By microscopic examination, adenocarcinoma of the stomach and metastasis of multiple myeoma to the supraclavicular lymph nodes were confirmed. Subtotal gastrectomy was performed. By gross and microscopic revealed metastasis to the regional lymph nodes.
Male ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy ; Neoplasm Metastasis

Benign epiepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spikes (BECCT) is an electroclinical syndrome characterized by noctural seizure that remit spontaneoully before adulthood, and belong to idiopathic age and location related epilepsies. We reviewed the medical records to analyse the seizure the seizure pattern, and also inspect the EEG recording to identify topography of the epileptiform discharge of 24 patient who met the following criteria: 1) presence of nocturnal seizure or partial seizure confined to the face, 2) normal intecual and development, 3) normal background EEG feature, 4) monomormhic spikes or sharp wave that increase in the frequency during sleep if those state were achieved. The result as follow: 1) The age of seizure onset were 3 to 11 years old (7.08 1.89) and male to female ratio was 1, 4:1. 2) Past history of birth trauma, CNS infection and other diseases involving CNS, were not found. There was past history of febrile convulsoin 33.3% of patient and epilepsy in 8.3%. One of paient's sister had childhood abscence epilepsy and never a nocturnal partial seizure, also and had centrotemporal spikes in EEG. 3) In 91.7% of Seizures occurred during sleep, especially short after sleep onset and the symptomatology of seizure was shown 66.7% of oropharyngeal sign, such as hypersalivation and gargle sound, and 54.2% of hemifacial involvement, 33.3% of speech arrest, 25.5% of upper limb involement, 18.3% of lower limb involvement, and 45.8% of general seizure. 4) In 91.5% of patients had on location of epileptiform discharge that located central (37.5%) midtemporal (33.3%), parietal and frontal. We could observe tangental dipole in 16.7% of patients.
Child ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy ; Epilepsy, Rolandic* ; Female ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Medical Records ; Parturition ; Rabeprazole ; Seizures ; Sialorrhea ; Siblings ; Upper Extremity

The trematode Paramphistomum cervi empolyed in this experiment was obtained from the reticulum of cattle slaughtered at the local abbatoir. The worms were selected and washed several times in normal sterilized saline solution. Each about ten of intact worms were incubated in 50 cc volume of special incubation flasks with incubation mixture consisting of 50 cc of Krebs-Ringer phosohate buffer (pH 7.4) to which were added universally labeled C(14)-glucose and non-radioactive carrier glucose concentration of 200 mg per cent. The worms were allowed to incubate for 3 hours in the incubator at 38 C. After incubation period, respiratory CO(2) samples from central wall of incubation flask were analysed for total CO(2) production rate and their specific activity of respiratory CO(2). Glycogen samples isolated from worms were analysed for the tissue concentration and their radioactivities in order to determine the turnover rate of glycogen pool. The glucose uptake rate was determined by analysing the difference of the glucose concentration in a medium before and after incubation period. Radioactivities of these series of experiments were counted by an endwindow Geiger-Muller counter as an infinitely thin samples. The quantitative analysis of C(14)-glucose utilized by Paramphistomum cervi was summerized as the following. The glucose uptake rate by Paramphistomum was a mean value of 2.32+/-0.27 micro-mole/hr/g of wet wt. and total CO(2) production rate by the worms averaged 10.85+/-0.41 micro-mole/hr/g of wet wt. The relative specific activities of respiratory CO(2) averaged 49.72+/-13.20 per cent. Thus, a mean of 49.72 per cent of total CO(2) production rate was originated from the glucose in the medium, therefore the rate of CO(2) production derived from medium glucose was mean of 5.24+/-2.16 micro-mole/hr/g of wet wt. Thus, the average value of 37.46+/-5.28 per cent of glucose utilized by the worms from the medium glucose was oxidized to respiratory CO(2). The tissue concentration of Paraphismum was a mean of 41.56+/-5.82 micro-mole/hr/g of wet wt or 4.16+/-0.72 per cent/g , and the turnover rate of glycogen pool yielded with a mean of 0.12+/-0.014 percent/hr or 0.06+/-0.04 mg/hr/g of wet wt. Therefore, a mean value of 16.75+/-4.84 per cent of glucose was incorporated to the glycogen. These data account for that at least 54.21 per cent of the utilized glucose by the worms participated in furnishing the oxidation into respiratory CO(2) and the synthetic process into glycogen. According to the above data of the experiment, it is suggested in the metabolic process of glucose by the Paramphistomum that the synthetic process into the glycogen is less active than the oxidative process into the resppiratory CO(2).
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; Paramphistomum cervi ; autoradiography ; biochemistry ; glucose ; metabolism ; CO(2) ; glycogen

No abstract available.
Blood Group Antigens*

This study was undertaken to evaluate the status of human paragonimiasis in Kang Hwa Gun, Kyunggi Do, Korea from March 1973 to October 1975 by the use of intradermal screening test with Veronal buffered saline antigen. A total number of 7,352 (male 3,936; female 3,4l6) consisting of 3,447 primary school children, 2,689 middle school students, l,008 high school students of 9 Myuns out of 13 Myuns of this County and 208 residents of all age group in Kilgeong-Ri, Yangdo Myun were examined by the intradermal test with Paragonimus antigen. In order to detect Paragonimus egg, the sputum and the stool examinations were undertaken on the residents in Kilgeong-Ri. The infestation rate of crayfish with Paragonimus metacercaria was also examined in Konneung and Jeongha village in Kilgeong-Ri. The following results were obtained in this survey: As a whole, 16.6 per cent of the examiners showed positive reaction with sexual difference of 16.1% in male and 14.8 per cent in female. In age groups, the highest positive rate showed in middle school age group (17.1 per cent) than primary school (14.0 per cent) and high school age group (11.4 per cent). In regional differences of positive rates, the highest rate (28.4 per cent) showed at Yangdo Myun followed by Kilsang Myun (27.0 per cent), Hwado Myun (25.0 per cent), and Naega Myun(20.8 per cent). In the result of 208 residents Kilgeong-Ri, the positive of 36.1 per cent in male and 20.2 per cent in female. The highest positive rate showed in 10 to 19 age group (41.5 per cent). Among the residents in Kilgeong-Ri, Paragonimus eggs were detected in 11 residents by the sputum and the stool examinations. The infestation rate of crayfsh with Paragonimus metacercariae was 100 per cent (41 out of 41 crayfishes) in Konneung village, and 84.6 per cent (9 out of 13 crayfishes) in Jeongha village, Kilgeong-Ri The fluctuation of the infection rate of crayfish with Paragonimus metacercariae was decreased in Konneung village in 2 years after the treatment with Bilevon against 10 paragonimiasis patients.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; epidemiology-paragonimiasis ; Paragonimus westermani ; crayfish-Cambaroides similis

Computed Tomograms of 45 patients with or without lung mass were reviewed to determine the characteristics of the major and minor fissures. Also pulmonary vascular distibutions were analyzed to localize each pulmonary lobe. The results were as follows; 1. Each major fissure area was imaged frequently as lucent band, less frequently dense band. 2. The minor fissure areas were imaged as oval or triangular lucent zones. The oval or triangularlucent zones were as same frequency. 3. Avascular planes without above mentioned lucent zones were also correspond to minor fissure areas. 4. Slices of avascular zones were observated between pulmonary arteries to posterior segment or apicoposterior segment of upper lobe and to superior segement of lower lobe on both lungs.
Humans ; Lung ; Pulmonary Artery

Clinical observation was done in 18 cases of renal cell carcinoma, who has been admitted to Department of Urology, Kyung Hee University Hospital from January, 1978 to June, 1984. Results were as follows; 1. Among the 18 cases, male was 11 cases and female was 7 cases, and mean of age was 52.1 year (range : 39-67 year): 2. In 4 cases suspected renal vein or inferior vena cava involvement of tumor in angiography, venacavography was performed and revealed involvement of renal vein in 1 casts and vena cava in 2 Cases. 3. 8 of 9 cases with large tumor (over 10cm diameter) in angiography, tumor involvement of renal vein was found. So, venacavography should be done in case of large tumor (over 10cm diameter) in angiography. 4. In comparison between preoperative clinical stage and postoperative pathologic stage, 11 of 15 casts were same. 5. In 18 cases 2 cases were treated by simple nephrectomy and 16 cases by radical nephrectomy. Inferior vena cava thrombectomy was done in 3 cases 6. Adjuvant treatment (chemotherapy in 5 cases, irradiation in 2 cases) was done in 7 cases, their effectiveness were minimal.
Angiography ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Prognosis ; Renal Veins ; Thrombectomy ; Urology ; Vena Cava, Inferior

Broncho-gastric fistula caused by benign gastric ulcer perforation after esophagectomy is very rare. In general anesthesia of a patient with broncho-gastric fistula, in spite of hyperventilation, leakage of the anesthetic gases through fistula may make the patient hypercapneic, and positive pressure ventilation may increase the risk of the pulmanary aspiration by the regurgitation of gastric fluid by stomach distension. For that reason, in this patient, denitrogenation was performed during patient's voluntary respiration with 100% oxygen for 5 minutes, and induction was performed without positive pressure ventilation, and one lung ventilation was carried out. Hypoxemia was followed by one lung ventilation because his pulmonary function was moderate obstructive type and his lung was damaged by aspiration of gastric fluid via broncho-gastric fistula. A low level of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has no significant hemodynamic effect and can maintain the patency of nonventilated lung, so hypoxemia induced by one lung ventilation may be reduced. Thus we carried out one lung ventilation with CPAP (10 cmH2O) in nonventilated lung and blocked broncho-gastric fistula with a bronchial blocker for prevention of both regurgitation of gastric fluid and leakage of anesthetic gases. One lung anesthesia was performed without any problem in this case.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Anesthetics, Inhalation ; Anoxia ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; Esophagectomy ; Fistula* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Hyperventilation ; Lung ; One-Lung Ventilation ; Oxygen ; Positive-Pressure Respiration ; Respiration ; Stomach ; Stomach Ulcer

PURPOSE: This study was to analyze the sustainable effects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) reeducation on nurses' knowledge and skills. METHODS: A repeated experimental design was used for a single sample group of 47 nurses working for a general hospital. The nurses were tested on their skill of CPR 3 times at an interval of 4 months. In order to test nurses' knowledge and skills, the researcher used a CPR assessment program linked to an adult practice doll (Anne). RESULTS: 1) The amount of decrease of nurses' knowledge about CPR between points of time was wide between the first and second points of time but small between the second and third time owing to the effects of reeducation between the two points of time. 2) Nurses' skills between the first and second time dropped but they improved between the second and third time owing to the effects of reeducation. CONCLUSION: As confirmed by the above findings, reeducation of CPR clearly affects nurses' knowledge and skills. Given the fact that the same period of time (4 months) elapsed between the 3 tests, it could be argued that the reeducation at the second test served to maintain nurses' knowledge and enhance their skills.
Adult ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/*education/nursing ; *Clinical Competence ; Cognition ; Education, Professional, Retraining ; Emergency Medical Services ; *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Nursing Staff, Hospital/*education/psychology ; Retention (Psychology)