OBJECTIVE: The present study was designed to compare Global field Power Measurement and conventional method in P300 determination. METHOD: The subjects were composed of patients(N=20) with schizophrenia by DSM-IV and normal controls(N=20). The auditory event related potential P300 was measured by "oddball paradigm". P300 components were determined by Global Field Power Measurement and conventional method at 5 electrodes(Fz, Cz, Pz, T3, T4). RESULTS: P300 amplitudes of patients were smaller than those of controls across all electrodes and in both methods, but there was no differential power in P300 determination between two methods. Asymmetry of auditory event-related potential P300 was not shown between patients with schizophrenia and normal controls. CONCLUSION: It is implicated that it depends on clinical situations and research purposes what method of P300 determination will be more appropriate for patients with schizophernia.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Electrodes ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; Evoked Potentials ; Humans ; Schizophrenia

No abstract available.
Brain Mapping* ; Evoked Potentials, Visual* ; Schizophrenia*

OBJECTS: This study was designed to investigate the characteristics of components of topographic auditory event-related potential P300 in the patients with schizophrenia and to evaluate the correlation between the findings of components of P300 and psychopathology. METHODS: The subjects consisted of 28 patients with schizophrenia and 28 normal controls who were matched by age and sex. The topographic auditory event-related P300 was recorded in oddball paradigm and analyzed by computerized brain mapping system. The latency of P300 was determined by global field power measurement. The psychopathology of the patients with chizophrenia were rated by PANSS. RESULTS: There were significant differences in both latency(schizophrenia 369.5+/-40.6msec, normal controls 332.6+/-34.8msec) and amplitude(schizophrenia: 4.1+/-3.1micro V, normal controls 6.7+/-3.2micro V). However, there was no difference in the electrode location of maximum area of P300 between the patients with schizophrenia and normal controls. The latency of P300 showed positive correlation and the amplitude showed negative correlation with PANSS scores of the patients with schizophrenia. CONCLUSION: The results implicate that the patients with schizoprenia might have mental dysfunction in the aspects of cognise process affected by both positive and negative symptoms.
Brain Mapping ; Electrodes ; Evoked Potentials* ; Humans ; Psychopathology* ; Schizophrenia*

OBJECTIVE: The present study was designed to investigate whether asymmetry of auditory event-related potential P300 was shown in patients with schizophrenia or not. METHOD: The subjects were composed of patients(N=20) with schizophrenia by DSM-IV and normal controls(N=20). The auditory event related potential P300 was measured by "oddball paradigm". P300 component was determined by classic method at 5 electrodes(Fz, Cz, Pz, T3, T4). RESULTS: P300 amplitudes of patients were smaller than those of controls across all electrodes. Asymmetry of auditory event-related potential P300 was not shown between patients with schizophrenia and normal controls. CONCLUSION: It is implicated that auditory event-related potential P300 and its information processing should not be elicited asymmetrically in schizophrenia.
Automatic Data Processing ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Electrodes ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; Evoked Potentials* ; Humans ; Schizophrenia*

Pulmonary vascular hypertension is characterized by migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells accompanying abnormal synthesis and accumulation of extracellular proteins in vascular wall. The aim of this study is to define the role of endogneous TGF-betas and PDGF in the process of remodeling vessels through determining the temporal and spatial distribution of these growth factors in hypertensive pulmonary vessels in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rat. Sprague-Dawley rats were sacrificed 12 hours, 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, and 56 days after treatment. The morphometric analysis of medial thickening and immunohistochemical study using antibodies to TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2, TGF-beta3, and PDGF were performed. Immunoreactivities for TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta3 were increased from the 14th day in the medial smooth muscle cells and PDGF showed increased expression from the 21st day in the medial smooth muscle cells. No difference in TGF-beta2 immunoreactivity was found between control and experimental groups. The expression of TGF-beta1, TGF-beta3 and PDGF increased in medial layers with the progressive thickening of pulmonary arteries which was considered to have close relation to medial hypertrophy of pulmonary arterioles. In the case of PDGF, however, the morphologic change occurred before increase in immunoreactivity was observed in the medial layer of pulmonary arterioles. Moreover, the function of isoforms of TGF-beta has yet to be completely elucidated; the different affinity to receptors and the degree of expression of these receptors that are supposed to affect the function of growth factors. Thus, further studies are needed.
Animals ; Antibodies ; Arterioles ; Hypertension ; Hypertension, Pulmonary* ; Hypertrophy ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Monocrotaline ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Protein Isoforms ; Pulmonary Artery ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transforming Growth Factor beta* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; Transforming Growth Factor beta2 ; Transforming Growth Factor beta3

We report a 72-year-old female patient with spontaneous rupture of the left external iliac vein. She visited our hospital for abdominal and back pain. She had the abnormal finding of hemoperitoneum. We performed an emergency operation with diagnosis of left ovarian cyst rupture though she suffered from spontaneous rupture of the left external iliac vein. This case provides insight to the experience of spontaneous rupture of the left external iliac vein.
Aged ; Back Pain ; Emergencies ; Female ; Hemoperitoneum ; Humans ; Iliac Vein ; Ovarian Cysts ; Rupture ; Rupture, Spontaneous

Subperiosteal Cortical Defect is a symptomless rarefaction of cortical bone which begins most often on the external surface of the medial and posterior cortical walls of the lower end of the femur in children between the ages of 3 and 6 years. The name of Subperiosteal Cortical Defect was first used by Aegerter who differentiated it from non-osteogenic fibroma. The authors found out 5 positive cases of incidental findings among 62 cases of both knee joint X-ray of which 3 was male and 2 was female. Also we experienced 3 cases which necessiat d a correct diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Because this is a common lesion, it frequently accompanies more serious bone conditions, and because this is self-limited disease, treatment is not necessary. It was emphasized that its nature should be understood by all those dealing with bone disease lest it be overdiagnosed and overtreated.
Bone Diseases ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Femur ; Fibroma ; Humans ; Incidental Findings ; Knee Joint ; Male

This study was designed to investigate the clinical availability of topographic auditory event related potential P300 as a biological marker in patients with schizophrenia. The subjects were composed of normal controls(N=30) and patients(N=30) with schizophrenia by DSM-IV. Topographic auditory event related potential P300 and N100 were measured by "oddball paradigm", which was known as a standard method. Schizophrenics were evaluated twice, initial and follow-up, by 4 week interval. P300 latency and N100 latency were deter-mined by Global Field Power. At this time point the maximum amplitude and its location, according to X-Y coordinates, were determined in brain topography. Clinical symptoms were evaluated by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS). P300 latencies of normal controls, initial group of schizophrenics, and follow-up group of schizophrenics were 315.8+/-24.2msec, 403.8+/-42.3msec, and 364.7+/-43.2msec, respectively. P300 amplitudes of normal controls, initial group of schizophrenics, and follow-up group of schizophrenics were 8.8+/-2.7microV, 4.4+/-1.9microV, and 4.4+/-2.5microV, respectively. They had significantly different P300 latencies one another by measuring ANCOVA, of which covariables were N100 latency, age, and CCP(correct counted percent)(p<0.01). X-Y coordinates was not significant. In P300, there were some different characters between normal controls and schizophrenics even though excluding N100, which was supposed to be exogeneous component by external stimuli. When clinical symptoms were improved, P300 latency was decreased. However, P300 amplitude was not changed. These results suggest that P300 woald be available clinically as a biological marker, P300 latency be a state marker, and P300 amplitude be a trait marker in schizophrenia.
Biomarkers* ; Brain ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Schizophrenia*

OBJECTS: This study was designed to make a comparison between methods to determine the components of topographic auditory event related potential P300. METHODS: The subjects were consisted of 44 normal controls and 44 patients with schizophrenia diagnosed by DSM-IV. The topographic auditory event related P300 was recorded in oddball paradigm. The components of P300, including latency, amplitude, and location of maximum amplitude in X-Y coordinates, were analized by computerized EP mapping system. The latency of P300 was determined by both global field power measurement and classic method. RESULTS: There was difference between two groups in latency(DF=1, F=35.28, P= 0.0001) and amplitude(DF=1, F=36.62, P=0.0001), but not in X coordinate(DF=1, F=0.37, P=0.55) and Y coordinate(DF=1, F=2.00, P=0.16). There was no difference between two mothods in latency(DF=1, F=0.04, P=0.85), in amplitude(DF=1, F=0.07, P=0.79), in X coordinate(DF=1, F=0.07, P=0.79), and in Y coordinate(DF=1, F=0.03, P=0.86). CONCLUSION: The results suggested that two methods to determine the components of topographic auditory event related potential P300 should be available for both research and clinical application to date.
Brain* ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Event-Related Potentials, P300* ; Humans ; Schizophrenia

OBJECTS: This study was to examine the changes of components of topographic auditory event related potential P300 in normal aging process. METHODS: The subjects were consisted of 85(range of age ; 18-68), who were right handed and had education level at least over 12 years. They had no history of medico-surgical and psychiatric illness which could cause brain dysfunction, and had not any physical and mental illness on examination. The topographic auditory event related P300 was recorded in oddball paradigm and the components of P300 including latency, amplitude, and location of maximum amplitude in X-Y cordinates were analized by computerized EP mapping system. The latency of P300 was determined by both Global Field Power Measurement and classic method. RESULTS: In global field power measurement, the latency has been increased about by 1m sec per year(latency=299.9+1 X AGE). The location of maximum amplitude in X coordinate was moved by 0.018 per year toward left side(X=3.6-0.018 X AGE) and in Y coordinate by 0.017 toward frontal direction(Y=2.15+0.017 X AGE). In classic method the latency has been increased about by 0.82m sec per year(latency=304.76+0.82 X AGE). The location of maximum amplitude in X coordinate was moved by 0.011 per year toward left side(X=3.35-0.011 X AGE) and in Y coordinate by 0.025 toward frontal direction(Y=1.86+0.025 X AGE). The amplitudes were not changed in both methods. CONCLUSION: The results showed strong positive correlation between latency of P300 and aging process, and slight left frontal displacement of the location of maximum amplitude. These finding implicate that psychophysiological function expressed by P300 was declined in aging process and database of formal controls should be necessary for both research and clinical application.
Aging* ; Brain ; Education ; Hand