Toward the beginning of the twenty-first century, the world experiences the dramatic changes in politics, economics and culture, and it is evident that the Korean medical field will not be able to survive provided it doesn't prepare ourselves to adapt to those changes. The Korean Medical Society held a forum for the active operation of the medical society, inviting several leading affiliated societies, to meet the needs of the times. This review describes the summary of the presentation that the authors made on behalf of the Korean Radiological Society in the forum, including the organization, current status of academic activity, current status of international communication, and problems encountered in the internationalization of the Korean Radiological Society.
Politics ; Societies, Medical

No abstract available.
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal* ; Ureter* ; Ureteral Obstruction*

No abstract available.

The massively dilated ureter is one of major therapeutic challenges that face the urologists. The goals of reconstructive procedures are the elimination of residual urine, effective ureteral peristalsis, efficient and/or urgent drainage. 6 cases of primary obstructive megaureter were presented with review of literatures. The results obtained were as follows ; 1. 6 cases were divided into 2 groups according to etiology with 4 adynamic segments and 2 intrinsic stenosis. 2. The underlying histopathologic features included 1 submucosal inflammation,2 submucosal fibrosis with inflammation and 2 submucosal fibrosis. 3. 5 cases were treated with Hendren's technique and 1 case treated by ureteral meatotomy. 4. All cases showed obvious improvement of upper tract without complication during follow-up period from 5 to 26 months.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Drainage ; Fibrosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Inflammation ; Peristalsis ; Ureter

The lymphangioma of the scrotum and retroperitoneum is a rare benign tumor secondary to congenital abnormal development of the local lymphatic communications, and about thirty cases have been reported in the literature. The majority of the patients are observed in the third to fifth decades, but this neoplasm has been reported even in the newborn. The frequent site of the lymphangioma occurs in the neck and axilla. Other sites are uncommon and one of the least frequent site is the scrotum and retroperitoneum. Treatment is complete surgical excision, unless completely removed, recurrences are common. Here, we report a case of cystic lymphangioma of the scrotum and retroperitoneum of a 26-years-old man.
Axilla ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lymphangioma ; Lymphangioma, Cystic* ; Neck ; Recurrence ; Scrotum*

PURPOSE: Laparoscopic appendectomy isused as a three port technique for appendectomy. In children, single port laparoscopic appendectomy is difficult because they have a small peritoneal cavity for manipulation of laparoscopic instruments. We performed transumbilical laparoscopic assisted single port appendectomy (hybrid appendectomy) in children. METHODS: From March 2010 to July 2012, we performed transumbilical laparoscopic assisted single port appendectomy in 53 children. We made a vertical incision to the umbilicus approximately 1.5 cm, and a wound retractor (Applied Medical Resources Co., Ltd., Rancho Santa Margarita) was placed in the umbilical incision, and appendix exteriorized the extraperitoneum through the wound retractor. Appendectomy was performed conventionally. We had no conversion cases for laparotomy. RESULTS: A total of 53 patients, 29 females and 24 males, with a mean age of 8.5+/-2.0 years were enrolled in this retrospective study. The mean operative time was 29.4+/-9.4 minutes. There was no occurrence of complication or mortality. BMI was 17.8+/-4.9 kg/m2. And mean hospital stay was 3.2+/-1.0 days. CONCLUSION: In children, transumbilical single port laparoscopic appendectomy is technically difficult because they have a small peritoneal cavity. However, transumbilical laparoscopic assisted single port appendectomy (hybrid appendectomy) appearsto be a safe and effective technique for use in children, which allows for achievement of nearly scarless surgery.
Achievement ; Appendectomy ; Appendix ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Operative Time ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Retrospective Studies ; Umbilicus

Renal artery aneurysm is a rare disease that can be found on routine examination. With development of interventional radiology, most cases of renal artery aneurysm had been treated with coil and stents. However, the use of coil and stents has a higher morbidity than surgical treatment and is anatomically restricted. A 62-year-old female had a scheduled visit the hospital to evaluate ongoing hypertension and upper abdominal pain. On computed tomography scan, a small aneurysmal dilatation was detected in the mid-portion of the left renal artery. We tried to correct this problem using radiologic intervention. However, the attempt had to be aborted because of the anatomical complexity of aneurysm location. During the operation, the aneurysmal sac was found to be located between the inferior border of pancreas and the upper border of the renal vein. After resection of the aneurysm, both ends of the artery were anastomosed directly without using any patches. The patient was discharged without any complications related to the operation. Radiologic intervention is now replacing traditional vascular surgery. However, there are limitations in conditions of anatomical difficulty and complexity.
Abdominal Pain ; Aneurysm ; Arteries ; Dilatation ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Middle Aged ; Pancreas ; Radiology, Interventional ; Rare Diseases ; Renal Artery ; Renal Veins ; Stents

PURPOSE: To report a patient diagnosed with adult-onset vitelliform dystrophy (AOVD) who received an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab in both eyes. CASE SUMMARY: A 47-year-old female presented with blurred vision and metamorphopsia in both eyes. On color fundus photograph, small, round, yellowish dots on the foveola and subreitnal fluid were observed. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed thick hyperreflective structures in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer with serous retinal detachment and subretinal fluid. Despite an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab on both eyes, anatomical improvement was not observed on fundus photography and OCT.
Female ; Humans ; Intravitreal Injections* ; Middle Aged ; Photography ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium ; Subretinal Fluid ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Vision Disorders ; Vitelliform Macular Dystrophy* ; Bevacizumab

We analysed the 49 probands of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in Korea to elucidate clinical and genetic characteristics. 1) Family history of renal disease or ADPKD was taken from 44% of probands; hypertension 88%, cerebrovascular attack 64%, end stage renal disease 16%. 2) From the family screening with renal ultrasonography, we have confirmed dominant trait in 24 families. We found 2 families which have suspicious new mutations. 3) We performed linkage analysis of 15 families. The PKD-1 to non PKD-1 ratio was 13 : 2. 4) The male to femal ratio was 17 : 32 and age at diagnosis was 41 (24-65)years (mean (range)) in male, 45 (26-68) years in female. 5) The factors leading to the diagnosis of ADPKD were flank pain (23%), incidental finding (17%), palpable abdominal mass (11%), headache (9%) and gross hematuria (9%) 3) Hypertension (80%), azotemia (43%), flank pain (42%), renal calcification (42%), gross hematuria (33%) and cyst hemorrhage (25%) were renal complications. There were 2 renal cell carcinoma cases. 4)Liver cyst (82%) was the most common extrarenal manifestations. There were colonic diverticulosis (13%), cerebral artery aneurysm (7%), adrenal cyst (4%) and pancreatic cyst (2%). Results of our study revealed the clinical and genetic characteristics of ADPKD in Korea. We found only 44% of family history of renal disease, variable initial manifestations, variable renal and extrarenal complications. And we also found the similar percentage of PKD-2 (13%) to that (5-15%) of western countries, but it is necessary to study with more patients and families.
Aneurysm ; Azotemia ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Cerebral Arteries ; Diagnosis ; Diverticulosis, Colonic ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Headache ; Hematuria ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidental Findings ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Korea* ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Pancreatic Cyst ; Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant* ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: We report a case of dexamethasone intravitreal implant (Ozurdex(R); Allergan, Inc.) fragmentation during the injection procedure in macular edema due to central retinal vein occlusion. CASE SUMMARY: A 57-year-old man visited our hospital for visual disturbance in his right eye. The patient's best-corrected visual acuity was 0.02 in the right eye and 1.2 in the left eye. After fundus examination, the patient was diagnosed with central retinal vein occlusion with macular edema, thus bevacizumab was injected in the right eye. However, the macular edema did not improve, and a dexamethasone intravitreal implant was injected in the right eye. Immediately after the dexamethasone intravitreal implant injection, on fundus exam, the drug was observed to be fragmented into 3 pieces without any additional treatment. After 2 months, the patient's best-corrected visual acuity was 0.4 in the right eye and 1.2 in the left eye. Macular edema decreased according to optical coherence tomography. CONCLUSIONS: A case of dexamethasone intravitreal implant fragmentation during an injection procedure has not been previously reported in Korea. Although the drug fragmented, the treatment was effective without complications.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Dexamethasone ; Eye ; Humans ; Korea ; Macular Edema ; Retinal Vein ; Visual Acuity ; Bevacizumab