No abstract available.
Wilms Tumor*

No Abstract Available.
Hemangioma*

No abstract available.
Patellar Dislocation*

Since the first deceased donor kidney transplantation in 1979, continuous efforts have been made to increase deceased organ donation in Korea. However, a critical shortage of human organs for transplant is still a serious problem and is partly caused by the absence of a system to actively identify and properly manage deceased donors in Korea. Considering this, Korea needs to create a new national system for deceased donor identification, management, and organ procurement. There are three kinds of organ procurement systems in the world: The "Spanish model", the "United States model", and the "other European model". We reviewed each system and suggested the optimal organ procurement system for Korea. We also proposed requirements for operating an organ procurement organization and increasing deceased organ donation. Further improvements in the organ procurement system will contribute to improve the current organ shortage.
Brain Death ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Korea ; Spain ; Tissue and Organ Procurement ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants ; United States

PURPOSE: We compared wound healing between the conventional tie-over dressing and silicone sheeting after skin grafting in patients with skin defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of a total of 30 cases of skin defects, 15 underwent conventional tie-over dressing and the remaining 15 underwent silicone sheeting skin grafting, we compared hematoma formation and infection status between the 2 techniques 1 and 2 weeks after operation. RESULTS: Hematoma was not observed in all cases. The wound infection rate decreased in silicone group. CONCLUSIONS: Silicone sheeting skin graft may be helpful in reducing wound infection.
Bandages ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Silicones ; Skin ; Skin Transplantation ; Transplants ; Wound Healing ; Wound Infection

No abstract available.
Meconium* ; Prospective Studies* ; Statistics as Topic*

There is increasing evidence that inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes can promote tumor growth. Retinoblastoma protein (pRb) is the product of the retinoblastoma gene located on chromosome 13q14. pRb negatively regulates cell growth when functioning normally. Mutational inactivation of the Rb gene has been observed in retinoblastomas, osteosarcomas and soft tissue sarcomas. Recently, several other human cancers have also been shown to carry abnormalities of the Rb gene. The potential role of the Rb gene in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and basal cell caicinomas (BCCs), has not been determined and was the focus of this study. Immunohistochemical expression of pRb in 16 cutaneous SCCs and 17 BCCs was examined. The expression of PCNA was studied in parallel to assess the cellular proliferation rate in these lesions. The pRb and PCNA immunoreactivity were localized to the nuclei of tumor cells. A few pRb and PCNA positive cells were seen in normal squamous epithelium, sebaceous glands, sweat glands and hair follicles. The loss of expression of pRb was seen in 3 of 16 SCCs(18.8%) and 6 of 17 BCCs (35.3%). PCNA immunoreactivity was slightly high in pRb-negative or lower-positive cases. PCNA immunoreactivity was similar to that produced by pRb in some cases. These results suggest that mutational inactivation of the Rb gene may be related to the carcinogenesis of cutaneous SCC and BCC, though the frequency is relatively low.
Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Cell Proliferation ; Epithelium ; Genes, Retinoblastoma ; Hair Follicle ; Humans ; Osteosarcoma ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Retinoblastoma Protein* ; Retinoblastoma* ; Sarcoma ; Sebaceous Glands ; Sweat Glands

The antiphospholipid antibody syndrome is an acquired multisystemic disorder characterized by persistent elevated antiphospholipid antibodies and/or hypercoagulation in veins or arteries, or both. The clinical manifestations of the antiphospholipid antibody syodrome are recurrent thrombosis, fetal loss, thrcenbocytopenia, and various cutaneous lesions. Skin lesions are the first sign of this syndrome in 41% of patients and systemic thrombosis develops in 40% of them. Livedo reticularis is the most common cutaneous finding of the antiphosphotipid antibody syndrome. Although vasculitis has not been frequently noted in antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, some vasculitis such as polyarteritis nodosa, giant cell arteritis, and other nonspecific vasculitides have been found in association with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. We present a male patient with typical manifestations of leukocytoclastic vasculitis with deep vein thrombosis and positive antiphospholipid antibodies. It suggests that a case of antiphospholipid antibody syndorme was accompanied with cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis.
Antibodies, Antiphospholipid* ; Antiphospholipid Syndrome ; Arteries ; Giant Cell Arteritis ; Humans ; Livedo Reticularis ; Male ; Polyarteritis Nodosa ; Skin ; Thrombosis ; Vasculitis* ; Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous ; Veins ; Venous Thrombosis

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: A number of studies about the nano-treated surfaces of implants have been conducting along with micro-treated surfaces of implants. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to get information for the clinical use of nano-treated surfaces compared with micro-treated surfaces by measuring removal torque and analyzing histological characteristics after the placement of various surface-treated implants on femurs of dogs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Machined surface implants were used as a control group. 4 nano-treated surface implants and 3 micro-treated surface implants [resorbable blast media surface (RBM), sandblast and acid-etched surface (SAE), anodized RBM surface] were used as experimental groups. Removal torque values of implants were measured respectively and the histological analyses were conducted on both 4weeks and 8weeks after implant surgery. The surfaces of removed implants after measuring removal torque values were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at 8 weeks. RESULTS: 1. Removal torque values of the nano-treated groups were lower than those of micro-treated groups. 2. Removal torque values were similar in the anodized RBM surface groups. 3. On the histological views, there was much of bone formation at 8 weeks, but there was no difference between 4 and 8 weeks, and between the types of implant surfaces as well. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that implant topography is more effective in removal torque test than surface chemistry. To get better clinical result, further studies should be fulfilled on the combined effect of surface topography and chemistry for the implant surface treatments.
Animals ; Dogs ; Femur ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Osteogenesis ; Titanium ; Torque

BACKGROUND: The determination of serotype of enteroviruses is useful for the discrimination between sporadic and epidemic infections. The conventional serotyping method is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Recently, molecular method was introduced for the serotyping of enteroviruses. The aim of this study was to establish a method to isolate and analyze enteroviruses from various specimens utilizing molecular biological techniques and to determine which strains were phylogenetically related to clinical samples. METHODS: Clinical samples in this study included 164 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), 136 stool, 15 sera, 6 throat swab, 5 urine, and 4 sputa, which were obtained from hospitalized patients, primarily infants or children presenting symptoms of aseptic meningitis in 1998. RD cells were used for enterovirus isolation. RT-PCR was performed with RD cell lysate showing CPE. The primers 011 and 012 were used for the VP1 region, and the primers EN1 and EN2 for 5'-UTR. The nucleotide sequences of VP1 region were determined and analyzed with BLAST program. RESULTS: Among 333 samples, only 23 samples produced CPE: 17 samples at first and six samples at the second blind passage. Fifteen isolates were related to coxsackievirus B2 two to echovirus 4, three to echovirus 6, and three to echovirus 18. All 23 viral isolates displayed a nucleotide sequence identity of 80-95%, compared with the reference serotypes. However, the identity was increased up to 93-100% when the VP1 region was translated into amino acids CONCLUSIONS: Since CB2 type was 55% among enteroviral isolates, the CB2 was determined as the major causative serotype of enteroviral meningitis in 1998. CB2 type was emerged between June and July, EC4 and EC6 was limited to July, and EC18 was in August.
Amino Acids ; Base Sequence ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Child ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Echovirus 6, Human ; Enterovirus B, Human ; Enterovirus* ; Humans ; Infant ; Meningitis* ; Meningitis, Aseptic ; Pharynx ; Serotyping*