No abstract available.
Fetus* ; Humans ; Pregnancy, Twin*

BACKGROUND: Telomerase activity in precancerous conditions of lung adenocarcinomas has not been well studied. This study is designed to investigate the role of telomerase in premalignant lesions of urethane-induced mouse lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS: We harvested A/J mouse lung tissues at 3, 6, 9, 12, 28, 41, and 48 weeks after intraperitoneal urethane treatment, and classified each lesion in terms of histologic findings. We examined telomerase activity using a modified version of the telomeric repeat amplification protocol assay using both gel-based and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay methods. An immunohistochemical analysis of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was performed. RESULTS: In urethane-induced mouse lung tissues, it was sequentially developed from hyperplasia, adenoma, and eventually to adenocarcinoma. Telomerase activity began to show a positive level in tissues with no histologically visible nodule after urethane administration. It revealed a statistically significant increase in hyperplasia compared to the "control" lung tissue (p<0.05), which was proportionally elevated relative to adenoma and adenocarcinoma. There was a direct correlation between telomerase activity and the PCNA labeling index (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The elevation of telomerase activity in normal-appearing lung lesions is thought to be a possible marker of early detection of pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenoma ; Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Hyperplasia ; Lung ; Mice ; Precancerous Conditions ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Telomerase ; Urethane

PURPOSE: Learning the concepts of pathology can be facilitated by repeated learning situations with illustrative pathology images. Virtual microscopes are digital facsimiles of glass slides that can be viewed on a computer screen. This study was designed to evaluate the possibility of using virtual microscopes as a teaching modality in the pathology laboratory. METHODS: The virtual microscope was produced from high resolution images scanned by an exclusive slide scanner from newly made teaching glass slides. The final teaching material was put up on personal computers in the computer laboratory, classroom, and medical library. RESULTS: This material was easily accessed by exclusive viewers. The students readily adapted to the use of virtual microscopes. The quality of the images in this material was appropriate for viewing. The response from the students displayed highly significant differences between the traditional and virtual microscopes, with the virtual microscope being preferred. CONCLUSION: The virtual microscopes in this study were helpful for medical students studying pathology. The results of this implementation suggest that virtual microscope technology may be extended to other educational venues where traditional microscopes and photomicrographs are currently used.
Education, Medical ; Glass ; Humans ; Learning ; Libraries, Medical ; Microcomputers ; Pathology* ; Students, Medical ; Teaching Materials*

Liver cell adenoma is uncommon and most often affects women of reproductive age; it is often associated with use of oral contraceptives. It is a very rare benign tumor of the liver in males and associated with use of anabolic steroids or glycogen storage disease type I. The surgical treatment remains controversial. We experienced 3 cases of male liver cell adenoma without use of anabolic steroids or glycogen storage disease. We performed right lobectomy of liver in 2 cases of mass on right lobe and performed mass enucleation with cholecystectomy in another case of mass on left medial segment.
Adenoma, Liver Cell* ; Cholecystectomy ; Contraceptives, Oral ; Female ; Glycogen Storage Disease ; Glycogen Storage Disease Type I ; Humans ; Liver* ; Male* ; Steroids

BACKGROUND: It is debatable whether psychiatric problems are overrepresented in the epileptic patient population. In addition, the significance of MMPI elevations in epileptic patients is still uncertain. This study attempted to find out MMPI profile characteristics of patients with medically refractory epilepsy (MRE). METHODS: MMPI was administered to 172 MRE patients and 139 normal controls. RESULTS: In terms of the mean value of MMPI scales, the MRE patients group had normal mean values comparable to the normal control group. However, the MRE patients could be classified into three subgroups by a multivariate cluster analysis, which include a subgroup with normal profile group (41% of patients), neurotic profile group (elevated Hs-D-Hy scales; 19% of patients), and psychiatric profile group (elevated Pa-Pt- Sc & Hs-D-Hy scales; 40% of patients). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the majority of MRE patients have abnormal MMPI profiles and suggests that psychiatric disorders or problems might be common in MRE patients. (J Korean Neurol Assoc 19(3):226~231, 2001)
Epilepsy* ; Humans ; MMPI* ; Psychotic Disorders ; Weights and Measures

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Branemark or ITI are two currently most widely used implant systems but with contrasting design, surgical and restoration methods. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare changes and its statistical significance in bone height and shape which may rise due to the differences between two implant systems. Also to analyse the effect of inter-implant distance on annual bone height changes. MATERIAL & METHOD: Those patients who were treated with two or more of either Branemark or ITI implants at posterior mandibular area at Yonsei University Dental Hospital, Implant Clinic were selected. At annual examination appointments, standardised radiographs using parallel technique were taken. Marginal bone and inter-implant crestal bone changes were measured and following results were obtained. RESULTS: 1) When ITI and Branemark system were compared, both annual marginal and inter-implant crestal bone height changes in ITI system in the first two years were smaller than Branemark and they were statistically significant. On the third year, however, there was no statistical difference between two implant systems on their annual bone level changes (p>0.05). 2) The Marginal and inter-implant crestal bone changes were compared when inter-implant distance was less than 4mm. Statistically significant bone level changes were noted on the first year only for ITI implants but in the first and second year for Branemark implants (p>0.05). 3) When comparing angulation changes between marginal bone and implant fixture, ITI system had smaller angulation changes but the annual changes were not statistically significant (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Within the limitation of this study, it could be concluded that Branemark implant systems had more changes in marginal and inter-implant crestal bone level in the first and second year after loading with statistical significance. Further studies are recommended to see the effects of these bone loss during the first and second year after loading on the long term prognosis of Branemark Implants.
Appointments and Schedules ; Humans ; Prognosis

Ictal vomiting is a rare clinical manifestation of temporal lobe epilepsy. This manifestation is considered a clinical lateralizing sign pointing toward seizure activity within the nondominant temporal lobe. However, we have experienced a case of ictal vomiting associated with temporal lobe epilepsy within the dominant hemisphere. The ictal vomiting occurred early in the course of the seizure when rhythmic discharges predominantly involved the left temporal lobe. This patient underwent a left anterior temporal lobectomy and experienced markedly reduced seizure frequency for more than 2 years.
Anterior Temporal Lobectomy ; Epilepsy ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe* ; Humans ; Seizures ; Temporal Lobe* ; Vomiting*

The Prototheca species is achlorophyllic algae and rarely causes human infection. Human protothecosis presents clinically as a cutaneous infection, olecranon bursitis, and disseminated systemic disease. We report a case of human cutaneous protothecosis involving the left wrist. A 68-year-old man presented with an ill-defined erythematous lesion with crust at the dorsal aspect of his left wrist. A punch biopsy was performed to reveal the histologic features of granulomatous inflammation with necrosis at the upper dermis, containing Prototheca organisms, of which, the characteristic features were highlighted by special staining. Through a molecular study, the Prototheca zopfii species was identified.
Aged ; Biopsy ; Bursitis ; Dermis ; Humans* ; Inflammation ; Necrosis ; Olecranon Process ; Prototheca ; Wrist

Bronchogenic cyst is an uncommon congenital anomaly that arises from maldevelopment of the primitive foregut, and is usually found in the lung and mediastinum. Cutaneous or subcutaneous bronchogenic cysts are rare, and occur especially in the shoulder region. We report here on a 40-year-old woman with a soft, nontender, cystic mass on the upper posterior aspect of the right acromioclavicular joint; this had been recognized about 20 years before. She underwent incision and drainage of the lesion at a local clinic about 1 year ago, but the wound was not healed. MRI showed an irregular-shaped dark signal intensity lesion that measured 2 x 1.5 cm in the subcutaneous fat layer. Microscopically, the cyst was lined by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium that displayed squamous metaplasia. The cyst wall revealed frequent smooth muscle bundles, occasional seromucous glands and multifocal lymphocytic infiltration. This is the first reported case of subcutaneous bronchogenic cyst of the shoulder in a Korean adult.
Acromioclavicular Joint ; Adipose Tissue ; Adult ; Bronchogenic Cyst* ; Drainage ; Epithelium ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mediastinum ; Metaplasia ; Muscle, Smooth ; Shoulder* ; Subcutaneous Fat ; Wounds and Injuries

BACKGROUND: The anaphase promoting complex (APC) promotes the degradation of mitotic cyclins as well as other substrates involved in sister chromatid adhesion. This study was carried out to examine the relationship between the APC expression and the clinicopathological variables, in an attempt to determine the role of the APC in the proliferation of lung cancer and to evaluate the possibility of an aberrant APC function in surgically resected squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas of the lung. METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining was performed for APC, Ki-67, cyclin B1, Cdc2, MMP-2 and VEGF in 55 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 34 cases of adenocarcinoma of the lung, using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method. RESULTS: The immunohistochemical stains for APC revealed a positive reaction in 49 cases (55.1%). The APC expression level was higher in the cyclin B1-positive group (p= 0.01), the Cdc2-positive group (p=0.001), the MMP-2-positive group (p=0.03), the group with lymph node metastasis (61.4% vs 48.9%), and the group with stage II/III cancer (60.7%) compared with those with stage I (42.9%). CONCLUSIONS: The APC may have an aberrant function, such as a change in its role in controlling the cell cycle, and might be associated with the invasiveness and proliferation of tumor cells.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Anaphase* ; Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Cell Cycle ; Chromatids ; Coloring Agents ; Cyclin B1 ; Cyclins ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung* ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Siblings ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A