1.Relationship between Expression of Anaphase-promoting Complex and Prognostic Factors in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of Breast.
Minseob EOM ; Kwang Hwa PARK ; Kwang Gil LEE ; Sang Yeop YI ; Yup KANG ; Soon Hee JUNG
Korean Journal of Pathology 2003;37(1):19-25
BACKGROUND: The role of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) is to promote the degradation of mitotic cyclins and other substrates involved in sister chromatid adhesions. The APC appears to be responsible for the degradation of cyclin B and may have a potential role in the loss of control concerning cell proliferation in mammalian cells. However, a direct link between the defects in the APC components and oncogenesis has not been estabilished. This study investigates the relationship between APC expression and variable prognostic factors in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. METHODS: We evaluated 108 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma surgically resected from January, 1996 to May, 2000 at Wonju Christian Hospital, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University. Immunohistochemical stains for APC, estrogen receptor, and Ki-67 were done in paraffin sections using the avidin-biotin complex method. The results were compared with clinical and pathologic parameters and flow cytometric DNA analysis factors. RESULTS: Forty cases (37.0%) showed immunopositive reactions for APC. The APC positivity in histologic grades 1, 2, and 3 were 28 cases (84.4%), 33 cases (60.0%), and 7 cases (35.0%), respectively (p=0.0011). The APC expressions in cases with the number of mitosis of less than 10, 10-19, and more than 20 per 10 high power fields, were noted in 37 cases (75.5%), 26 cases (63.4%), and 5 cases (27.8%), respectively (p=0.0016). The mean value of the Ki-67 labeling index was 221.7 in the APC-positive group and 317.9 in the APC-negative group (p= 0.0091). DNA flow cytometric analysis revealed higher APC expressions in cases with diploid patterns (p=0.0095). The APC expression rate increased significantly with decreasing histologic grade, with decreasing mitotic activity, in cases with a low Ki-67 labeling index, and those in the diploid group (p<0.05). The APC expression was not statistically correlated with clinical stage, tumor size, and estrogen receptor status. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that positive APC expression may be considered as a good prognostic factor of invasive ductal carcinoma, and loss of APC expression may be related with the progression of breast cancer.
Breast Neoplasms
;
Breast*
;
Carcinogenesis
;
Carcinoma, Ductal*
;
Cell Proliferation
;
Chromatids
;
Coloring Agents
;
Cyclin B
;
Cyclins
;
Diploidy
;
DNA
;
Estrogens
;
Gangwon-do
;
Humans
;
Mitosis
;
Paraffin
;
Siblings
2.Expression of Anaphase Promoting Complex in Surgically Resected Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma of the Lung.
Ji Sun SONG ; Soon Hee JUNG ; Minseob EOM ; Sang Yeop YI ; Kwang Hwa PARK ; Yup KANG ; Ho Young KIM
Korean Journal of Pathology 2006;40(1):52-59
BACKGROUND: The anaphase promoting complex (APC) promotes the degradation of mitotic cyclins as well as other substrates involved in sister chromatid adhesion. This study was carried out to examine the relationship between the APC expression and the clinicopathological variables, in an attempt to determine the role of the APC in the proliferation of lung cancer and to evaluate the possibility of an aberrant APC function in surgically resected squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas of the lung. METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining was performed for APC, Ki-67, cyclin B1, Cdc2, MMP-2 and VEGF in 55 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 34 cases of adenocarcinoma of the lung, using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method. RESULTS: The immunohistochemical stains for APC revealed a positive reaction in 49 cases (55.1%). The APC expression level was higher in the cyclin B1-positive group (p= 0.01), the Cdc2-positive group (p=0.001), the MMP-2-positive group (p=0.03), the group with lymph node metastasis (61.4% vs 48.9%), and the group with stage II/III cancer (60.7%) compared with those with stage I (42.9%). CONCLUSIONS: The APC may have an aberrant function, such as a change in its role in controlling the cell cycle, and might be associated with the invasiveness and proliferation of tumor cells.
Adenocarcinoma*
;
Anaphase*
;
Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome*
;
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell*
;
Cell Cycle
;
Chromatids
;
Coloring Agents
;
Cyclin B1
;
Cyclins
;
Humans
;
Lung Neoplasms
;
Lung*
;
Lymph Nodes
;
Neoplasm Metastasis
;
Siblings
;
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
3.Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Soil Conditions on Crop Plant Growth.
Sang Joon KIM ; Ju Kyeong EO ; Eun Hwa LEE ; Hyeok PARK ; Ahn Heum EOM
Mycobiology 2017;45(1):20-24
We investigated the effects on various crops of inoculation with species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in soils from different sources and selected AMF species suitable for domestic environment-friendly farming. Effects on plants varied with the AMF species used. In carrot, Scutellospora heterogama, Acaulospora longula, and Funneliformis mosseae had a positive effect on growth of the host, whereas AMF had only weak effects on the growth of red pepper and leek. AMF inoculation had positive effects on the growth of carrot and sorghum. The results of this study indicate the nature of the relationship between soil, plants, and AMF; this study therefore has important implications for the future use of AMF in environment-friendly agriculture.
Agriculture
;
Capsicum
;
Daucus carota
;
Fungi*
;
Onions
;
Organic Agriculture
;
Plants*
;
Soil*
;
Sorghum
4.Intermediate Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma in the Cerebellum of a 5-Year-Old Boy.
Jin Sang KIL ; Kyung Hwa LEE ; Ki Seong EOM ; Tae Young KIM
Brain Tumor Research and Treatment 2018;6(1):39-42
Intermediate pilomyxoid tumors (IPTs) were defined by the presence of some features typical of pilomyxoid astrocytoma (PMA) in combination with features that could be considered more consistent with pilocytic astrocytoma (PA). PMA is rare in the cerebellum. And, IPT in the cerebellum is rarer than PMA. To our knowledge, only 2 reports have described IPT in the cerebellum. A 5-year-old boy had nausea and vomiting. Computed tomography revealed a large, round, low-density tumor in the cerebellar vermis area. On enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the tumor showed inhomogeneous diffuse enhancement; the central portion showed homogenous enhancement, while the peripheral portion showed inhomogeneous enhancement. The patient underwent a midline suboccipital craniotomy, and gross total resection was performed. The tumor was gray-colored, rubbery hard, and severely hemorrhagic with a clear boundary. On pathologic examination, the combined features of both PA and PMA were retrospectively indicative of an IPT. The patient was symptom-free for 18 months, with no evidence of tumor recurrence on MRI. More observation and further studies on PMA and IPT are required to determine the most appropriate treatment for these tumors.
Astrocytoma*
;
Cerebellar Vermis
;
Cerebellum*
;
Child, Preschool*
;
Craniotomy
;
Humans
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
;
Male*
;
Nausea
;
Recurrence
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Vomiting
5.Bibliometric Analysis of Orthopedic Literature on Total Knee Arthroplasty in Asian Countries: A 10-year Analysis
Sang Hwa EOM ; Ankur B BAMNE ; Madhav CHOWDHRY ; Ihn Seok CHAE ; Tae Kyun KIM
The Journal of Korean Knee Society 2015;27(3):149-155
PURPOSE: We aimed to determine the quantity and quality of research output of selected Asian countries in the field of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the last 10 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Top 15 Asian countries were selected according to their gross domestic product. The Science Citation Index Expanded database was used to search for the literature published between 2004 and 2013 using "Total Knee Arthroplasty". The numbers of articles, journals and citations and the contribution of each country were analyzed. The articles were classified according to the type of study and the relative proportion of each type was analyzed. RESULTS: Asian surgeons have increasingly contributed to orthopedic literature on TKA for the past 10 years, but the dominant contribution came from only a few countries. The total number of articles published by Asian countries increased by 261%, with Japan producing most of the studies and China showing the maximum growth rate. The majority of studies were published in low impact factor journals. Korea published the highest proportion of articles in high impact factor journals. Clinical papers were most frequent. CONCLUSIONS: Our identification of research productivity pertaining to TKA among Asian countries gives a unique insight into the level of academic research in the field of TKA in these countries. There is a need to improve the quality of research to enhance the publishing power in high impact journals as well as the need for more basic research and epidemiological studies considering the unique differences among Asian patients undergoing TKA.
Arthroplasty
;
Asia
;
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
;
Bibliometrics
;
China
;
Efficiency
;
Gross Domestic Product
;
Humans
;
Japan
;
Knee
;
Korea
;
Orthopedics
6.Acaulosproa koreana, a New Species of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (Glomeromycota) Associated with Roots of Woody Plants in Korea.
Eun Hwa LEE ; Sang Hee PARK ; Ju Kyeong EO ; Kang Hyeon KA ; Ahn Heum EOM
Mycobiology 2018;46(4):341-348
A new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota), Acaulospora koreana, was isolated from forest soils in South Korea. This novel fungus was collected from the rhizosphere of Lindera obtusiloba and Styrax obassia in forest and propagated with Sorghum bicolor in pot. Morphological characteristics of spores of A. koreana are rarely distinguished from Acaulospora mellea, which is reported as one of the most abundant mycorrhizal species in Korea. However, molecular evidence of rDNA sequence using improved primers for glomeromycotan fungal identification strongly supported that A. koreana is different from A. mellea but also any other species belonging to the genus Acaulospora. This is the first novel glomeromycatan fungus introduced in South Korea, but it suggests that there is a high possibility for discovering new arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi considering the abundance of plant species and advanced phylogenetic analysis technique.
DNA, Ribosomal
;
Forests
;
Fungi*
;
Glomeromycota
;
Korea*
;
Lindera
;
Plants
;
Rhizosphere
;
Soil
;
Sorghum
;
Spores
;
Styrax
7.Invasive Paget’s Disease of the Breast: A case Report
Sang Eun PARK ; Yong Hwa EOM ; Se Jeong OH
Journal of Breast Disease 2020;8(2):143-147
Intramammary Paget’s disease is an uncommon disease in which 90% of the cases are accompanied by invasive or noninvasive ductal carcinoma. It comprises approximately 0.7%-4.3% of all breast cancers. Typically, extramammary Paget’s disease is accompanied by dermal invasion; however, in intramammary Paget’s disease, dermal invasion through the basement membrane of the skin is very rare. Intramammary Paget’s disease with dermal invasion has been reported infrequently worldwide, and its management and prognosis remain unknown. We report a case of intramammary Paget’s disease with dermal invasion in a 64-year-old woman, accompanied by review of the literature.
8.Senescent tumor cells in colorectal cancer are characterized by elevated enzymatic activity of complexes 1 and 2 in oxidative phosphorylation
Jun Sang SHIN ; Tae-Gyu KIM ; Young Hwa KIM ; So Yeong EOM ; So Hyun PARK ; Dong Hyun LEE ; Tae Jun PARK ; Soon Sang PARK ; Jang-Hee KIM
Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine 2023;57(6):305-314
Background:
Cellular senescence is defined as an irreversible cell cycle arrest caused by various internal and external insults. While the metabolic dysfunction of senescent cells in normal tissue is relatively well-established, there is a lack of information regarding the metabolic features of senescent tumor cells.
Methods:
Publicly available single-cell RNA-sequencing data from the GSE166555 and GSE178341 datasets were utilized to investigate the metabolic features of senescent tumor cells. To validate the single-cell RNA-sequencing data, we performed senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining to identify senescent tumor cells in fresh frozen colorectal cancer tissue. We also evaluated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase–tetrazolium reductase (NADH-TR) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity using enzyme histochemical methods and compared the staining with SA-β-Gal staining. MTT assay was performed to reveal the complex 1 activity of the respiratory chain in in-vitro senescence model.
Results:
Single-cell RNA-sequencing data revealed an upregulation in the activity of complexes 1 and 2 in oxidative phosphorylation, despite overall mitochondrial dysfunction in senescent tumor cells. Both SA-β-Gal and enzyme histochemical staining using fresh frozen colorectal cancer tissues indicated a high correlation between SA-β-Gal positivity and NADH-TR/SDH staining positivity. MTT assay showed that senescent colorectal cancer cells exhibit higher absorbance in 600 nm wavelength.
Conclusions
Senescent tumor cells exhibit distinct metabolic features, characterized by upregulation of complexes 1 and 2 in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. NADH-TR and SDH staining represent efficient methods for detecting senescent tumor cells in colorectal cancer.
9.Exposure to Hazardous Substances and Their Health Effects Among Residents Living Near Three Industrial Waste Incinerators in Korea
Sang-Yong EOM ; Boeun LEE ; Seonmi HONG ; Young-Seoub HONG ; Kyung-Hwa CHOI ; Ho-Jang KWON ; Mira YOON ; Youn-Seok KANG ; Jun Hee LEE ; Yong-Dae KIM ; Heon KIM
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2023;38(37):e289-
Background:
This study aimed to evaluate exposure to various hazardous substances emitted by incineration facilities and their likely effect on the health for residents of Bugi-myeon, Cheongju, Korea, which has three incineration facilities.
Methods:
Heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and dioxin concentrations in the air and soil of exposed and control areas were measured. Moreover, the exposure levels to harmful substances and its effects on health were investigated in 1,124 exposed and 232 control adults.
Results:
PAHs and dioxin concentrations in the air in the exposed area were significantly higher than in the control area. Urinary cadmium and PAHs metabolite concentrations were significantly higher in the exposed group than in the control group. The exposure group also had a higher prevalence of depression and self-reported allergic symptoms than the control group.
Conclusion
The possibility of residents in Bugi-myeon being exposed to hazardous substances at incineration facilities cannot be ruled out. To prevent them from further exposure to hazardous substances, it is necessary to prohibit the expansion of additional incineration facilities in this area and to implement continuous monitoring projects for residents
10.Safety and clinical efficacy of laparoscopic appendectomy for pregnant women with acute appendicitis.
Jeong Min EOM ; Jin Hwa HONG ; Seung Wook JEON ; Joong Sub CHOI ; Jung Hun LEE ; Hyung Ook KIM ; Hungdai KIM ; Pil Cho CHOI ; Sang Kuk HAN
Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 2012;41(2):82-86
INTRODUCTIONThe aim of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) during pregnancy by comparing the operative and obstetric outcomes of patients who during pregnancy underwent LA performed by an expert gynaecologic laparoscopist (LA group) with those patients who underwent an open appendectomy (OA) by a general surgeon (OA group).
MATERIALS AND METHODSIn this retrospective study, we evaluated all patients consecutively who had undergone appendectomy for acute appendicitis during pregnancy from January 2000 to December 2010. Twenty-eight patients underwent OA and 15 were treated by LA. We reviewed the clinical charts and analysed the data for each patient's age, parity, body mass index, gestational age at appendectomy, type of appendectomy, operating time, haemoglobin change, hospital stay, histopathological results, postoperative analgesics, complications, and obstetric outcomes.
RESULTSThere were no significant differences between the OA and LA groups in terms of clinical characteristics, hospital stay, haemoglobin change, return of bowel activity, complication rates, gestational age at delivery, and birth weight. However, there were significantly shorter operating time and less usage of postoperative analgesics in LA group.
CONCLUSIONLA performed by an expert gynaecologist can be a safe and effective method for treating acute appendicitis during the first and second trimester of pregnancy.
Adult ; Appendectomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; standards ; Appendicitis ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; Republic of Korea ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult