Dementia is defined as a syndrome which is characterized by various impairments in cognitive functions, especially memory function, Most of the diagnostic criteria for dementia include memory impairment as no essential feature. Memory decline can be present as a consequence of the aging process, But it does not cause significant distress or impairment in social and occupational functionings while dementiadoes. Depression may also be associated with memory impairment. funcitionings while dementiadoes. Depression may also be associated with memory impairment. However, unlike dementia, depression dose not cause decrease in delayed verbal learning and recognition memory. In dementia, different features of memory impairment may be present depending on the involved area. Memory impairment in cortical dementia is affected by the disturbance of encoding of information and memory consolidation, while memory imparnene in subcrotical denentiy is affected y the disturbance of retrieval in subcortial dementia.
Aging ; Dementia ; Depression ; Humans ; Memory* ; Verbal Learning

Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica is a rare and usually benign disorder characterized by cartilaginous and/or osseous submucosal nodules projecting into the laryngotracheobronchial lumen. It has been an incidental finding at autopsy but nowadays it is discovered during fiberoptic bronchoscopy or chest computed tomography. We describe a case of 61-year-old man who was diagnosed to have tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica due to unpredicted difficult intubation.
Autopsy ; Bronchoscopy ; Humans ; Incidental Findings ; Intubation ; Middle Aged ; Thorax

PURPOSE: To report the first case of central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) in association with thyroid ophthalmopathy. METHODS: A 40-year-old woman was came to the ophthalmologic clinic due to conjunctival injection, lid swelling and decreased visual acuity in the left eye. She was ill with hyperthyroidism and was recovered completely. At the first visit, best corrected visual acuity of her left eye was 0.3. The left eye showed proptosis, episcleral vessel dilation, and moderate limitation of ocular movement. Orbit MRI revealed the enlargement of extraocular muscles. Fundus examination showed diffuse retinal hemorrhages with macular edema and retinal veins were dilated and tortuous. Fluorescein angiogram showed the diffuse leakage from the retinal vessels on the posterior pole, but nonperfusion area was not seen. RESULTS: One month after the first visit, best corrected visual acuity of her left eye was improved to 0.6. Proptosis and limitation of ocular movement was improved, and retinal hemorrhages with macular edema were decreased remarkably. CONCLUSIONS: Possible retinal vascular complications such as CRVO may occur in patients with thyroid ophthalmopathy. Therefore, in these cases, fundus examination along with other ophthalmologic examinations are necessary.
Adult ; Exophthalmos ; Female ; Fluorescein ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism ; Macular Edema ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Muscles ; Orbit ; Retinal Hemorrhage ; Retinal Vein* ; Retinal Vessels ; Retinaldehyde ; Thyroid Gland* ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.

Leukemia cutis are clinically divided into the specific and nonspecific types. The former demon strates a malignant cell infiltrate on histopathologic examination. We report a case of leukemia cutis in a 29-year old female which developed specific cutanous manifestations previous to peripheral blood abnormalities, She had suffered from several discrete, bean to walnut sized, tender, erythematous patches and nodules on the trunk for 3 months and these gradually spread to the right cheek and upper arm. Atypical lymphocytes and incesassed lymphoblasts were notifced on a peripheral blood smear and bone marrow aspiration. A bone marrow biopsy revealed compact marrow finding, and increased celluarity. The histopathlogic findings showed diffuse dermal and subcutaneous infiltration of atypical lymphocytes. An immunohistochemical study with kappa, lamda, and leukocyte common antigen(LCA) revealed lymphoid malignancy, T-cell type. We treated her with various combined chemotherapy for 2 year, but her skin lesions were not inproved.
Adult ; Arm ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; Cheek ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Juglans ; Leukemia* ; Leukocytes ; Lymphocytes ; Skin ; T-Lymphocytes

Background: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare disease caused by the deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor. HAE has a risk of life-threatening complications such as capillary leak syndrome (CLS) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).Case: A 42-year-old man with HAE presented for deceased-donor kidney transplantation. Prophylactic fresh frozen plasma (FFP) was given before surgery because of the risk of edema development. With careful management during anesthesia, there were no problems during surgery. However, generalized edema, hypotension, hypoalbuminemia, massive drainage of serosanguineous fluids from the intraabdominal space, and DIC occurred on the day after surgery. CLS was suspected and sustained hypotension with generalized edema became worse despite treatment with albumin, danazol, FFP, and vasoactive drugs. The patient’s condition worsened despite intensive care and he died due to shock. Conclusions The anesthesiologist should prepare for the critical complications of HAE and prepare the appropriate treatment options.

At the present day, the metallic rigid fixation is used universally in facial bone fracture surgery. However, these metallic plating system have problems associated with growth restriction in pediatric patients, intracranial migration, increase risk of infection, palpability, and exposure. To overcome these problems, absorbable devices have been developed and used in the reconstruction of pediatric craniofacial deformities before early stages and in the facial bone fracture of adult recently. However, the usefulness of fixation for the force vector affecting region was not verified. From October 2000 to August 2001, absorbable fixation system(BiosorbFX(R) Bionix Implants inc.) was used in 10 open reduction of facial bone fracture with malocclusion; 5 patients with Le Fort I or Le Fort II fracture, 1 patient with maxillary-sagittal fracture, 4 patients with mandible fracture. All the patients, the malocclusion was corrected with no complications, and stabilized fixation was achieved after average 8 months follow up period. These results show usefulness of absorbable devices for fixation of force vector affecting region.
Adult ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Facial Bones* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Malocclusion* ; Mandible

No abstract available.
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin*

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The screws of dental implant, having various thread types, can be categorized into different classes by their geometrical form, and each type transmits dissimilar amount and form of stress to alveolar bone. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to find an inclination angle of the screw thread that is favorable in distributing the stresses to alveolar bone. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study, We used three dimensional finite element analysis with modeling having three types of thread inclination angles and fixed pitch-0.8 mm (single thread type with 3.8 degrees inclination, double thread type with 7.7 degrees inclination, triple thread type with 11.5 degrees inclination). RESULTS: The results obtained from this study were as follows; 1. When the number of thread increased, the amount of Von-Mises stress was reduced since the generated stress was effectively distributed. 2. Since the maximum principal stress affects on the alveolar bone can influence deeply on the longevity of the implants when comparing the magnitude of the maximum principal stress double thread had least amount of stress. This shows that the double thread screw gave best result. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, double, and triple thread screws were found to be more effective on distribution of the stress than the single thread screws. But, increasing in the thread inclination angle such as triple thread screw relate on the magnitude of the maximum principal stress affecting on the alveolar bone can become problematic. Thus, effective combination of thread number and thread inclination angle can help prolonging the longevity of implant.
Dental Implants ; Finite Element Analysis* ; Longevity

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of bioabsorbable knotless suture anchoring for isolated type II SLAP. Materials and Methods: Fourteen patients with isolated type II SLAP underwent a surgical repair with bioabsorbable knotless anchor arthroscopically. Instability, rotator cuff tears or simple subacromial decompression were excluded. The UCLA and pain of VAS (Visual Analogue Scale), ADL (Activity of Daily Living, from the American Shoulder and Elbow Society) were evaluated and patients underwent a thorough shoulder examination at a minimum follow-up period of 2 years postoperatively. Results: At a mean of 27.1 months follow-up. The mean UCLA score improved from 14.4 pre-operatively to 31.2 on last follow-up. The mean VAS for pain was 4.9 and on last follow-up 1.0. The mean VAS for instability was 2.6 and on last follow-up 0.5. The mean ADL was 10.4 and on last follow-up 25.0. 12 patients reported their satisfaction as good to excellent and 10 of the 14 patients returned to their pre-injury level of activity (athletics) (P<0.05). Conclusion: Arthroscopic repair with bioabsorbable knotless suture anchors is an effective surgical technique for the treatment of an isolated unstable type II SLAP lesion. Overall satisfaction was only 85.7%. 1 patient had severe stiffness and 1 patient had shoulder pain.
Activities of Daily Living ; Decompression ; Elbow ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Rotator Cuff ; Shoulder ; Shoulder Pain ; Suture Anchors* ; Sutures*