No abstract available.

In 1921, Dandy discussed the clinical diagnosis and treatment of hydrocephalus secondary to occlusion of the foramina of Magendie and Luschka. In 194, Walker reported a case of congenital atresia of the outlets of the fourth ventricle treated surgically. Since a detailed study of this disease entity by Benda in 1954, the condition has commonly been known by the term, the Dandy-Walker syndrome. In 1968, Raimondi and et al refered this condition as the Dandy-Walker cyst. There is considerable discussion as to the nature of the fundamental embryologic error in this condition, but Denda suggested that atresia of developing fourth ventricular foramina was only a part of the syndrome and not its cause, because in some cases reported, the foramina were found to be patent. These patients. Show characteristic clinical symptoms, signs and radiological findings and should suggest the correct diagnosis. This syndrome was one of the first cause of hydrocephalus to be treated successfully by surgery. We are reporting one case of this cyst encountered recently at Yonsei University Medical Center.
Academic Medical Centers ; Dandy-Walker Syndrome* ; Diagnosis ; Fourth Ventricle ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus

In 1921, Dandy discussed the clinical diagnosis and treatment of hydrocephalus secondary to occlusion of the foramina of Magendie and Luschka. In 194, Walker reported a case of congenital atresia of the outlets of the fourth ventricle treated surgically. Since a detailed study of this disease entity by Benda in 1954, the condition has commonly been known by the term, the Dandy-Walker syndrome. In 1968, Raimondi and et al refered this condition as the Dandy-Walker cyst. There is considerable discussion as to the nature of the fundamental embryologic error in this condition, but Denda suggested that atresia of developing fourth ventricular foramina was only a part of the syndrome and not its cause, because in some cases reported, the foramina were found to be patent. These patients. Show characteristic clinical symptoms, signs and radiological findings and should suggest the correct diagnosis. This syndrome was one of the first cause of hydrocephalus to be treated successfully by surgery. We are reporting one case of this cyst encountered recently at Yonsei University Medical Center.
Academic Medical Centers ; Dandy-Walker Syndrome* ; Diagnosis ; Fourth Ventricle ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus

No abstract available.
Hypertrichosis*

PURPOSE: To analyze the incidence and clinical course of epithelial ingrowth after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) using a femtosecond laser. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the results of 1158 eyes of 581 patients who received LASIK with the flap created by a femtosecond laser from February 2006 to March 2009 at our institute. We investigated the incidence and clinical course of LASIK in which the flap was created by a femtosecond laser. RESULTS: Epithelial ingrowth was first detected one week after surgery in 12 (57%) of 21 eyes and within one month in 19 eyes (90%). Epithelial ingrowth was localized most commonly near the temporal and nasal flap edge in 12 eyes (57%). In two eyes (9.5%), an isolated ingrowth mass was located in the pupillary area. The development of more than 2.0 mm of epithelial ingrowth was observed in three eyes (0.25%). Among 28 eyes with loose epithelium or epithelial detachment during surgery, epithelial ingrowth was observed in six eyes (21.4%) compared with 15 (1.32%) of 1130 eyes without loose epithelium or epithelial detachment. Therefore, epithelial detachment during surgery was significantly associated with epithelial ingrowth (p = 0.00). CONCLUSIONS: In LASIK in which the flap is created by a femtosecond laser, damage to the epithelial layer increases the chances of epithelial ingrowth. Therefore, avoiding epithelial defects with a gentle maneuver is needed to reduce the chance of epithelial ingrowth during surgery.
Epithelium ; Eye ; Humans ; Incidence ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ; Retrospective Studies

Malignant melanoma of the spinal cord is a rare tumor 3,8,9,12 The melanomas that originate in the meninges bear a general structural resemblance to those arising elsewhere, but it is questionable whether they ever metastasis outside the central nervous system7. If can be also argued that the primary central nervous system melanoma could actually be a metastasis from an occult primary site in the skin, esophagus, rectum or other sites6. We are reporting a case of malignant melanoma involving the cervical spinal meninges and hard palate.
Central Nervous System ; Esophagus ; Melanoma* ; Meninges ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Palate, Hard ; Rectum ; Skin ; Spinal Cord*

No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

Background: Postoperative vomiting (POV) is one of the most serious complications in pediatric patients undergoing strabismus surgery. This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that gastric decompression (GD) could prevent POV caused by gastric distension after mask ventilation. Methods: A total of 60 pediatric patients (ASA PS I–II, aged one to 10 years) were randomly allocated to two groups; Group D (n = 30) and Group C (n = 30). Induction of anesthesia was performed with careful face mask ventilation with 100% O2 (3 L/min) and sevoflurane 3 vol% to limit airway pressure below 20 cmH2O. Endotracheal intubation was done after confirming adequate neuromuscular blockade. Then, the patients in Group D received GD, while patients in Group C did not. After the surgery, POV was assessed during the emergence from anesthesia in the operating room and postanesthetic care unit (30 min and 60 min). Results: During the emergence, POV was significantly decreased in Group D compared to Group C (Group D 3.3% vs. Group C 30.0%, P = 0.006). The odds ratio analysis showed a lower incidence of POV in Group D (odds ratio = 0.080; 95% confidence limit: 0.009–0.685) during the emergence period. There was no significant difference in the incidence of POV in the postanesthetic care unit (Group D 6.7% vs. Group C 4.3% at 30 min, P = 1.000; 0% in both groups at 60 min). Conclusions GD reduced the incidence of POV in pediatric patients undergoing strabismus surgery during emergence.

PURPOSE: Recently developed BMS(TM) (Zassi Bowel Management System(TM): Hollister Inc., Illinois, USA) can provide effective nonsurgical fecal diversion without the risks associated with colostomy creation and subsequent closure. Our aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of the BMS in diverting feces from the perianal wide surgical wound in patients with Fournier's gangrene. METHODS: BMS(TM) was applied in five patients (male: 2, median age; 44) with Fournier's gangrene from January 2000 to September 2001. The treatments consist of three times a day wound dressing after wide surgical debridement and intravenous antibiotic therapy. For evacuation of feces, twice daily warm saline irrigation was administered via BMS(TM) or low daily doses of polyethylene glycol solutions were orally taken in. An endoscopic and anorectal manometric study was done to evaluate possible mucosal complications and anorectal functional changes. RESULTS: The average duration of the BMS application was 41 (range, 22~63) days. The result of a manometric study after immediate removal of the BMS(TM) showed a decreased mean resting pressure (range: 22~36 mmHg) and a decreased mean squeezing pressure (range: 32~39 mmHg). After 3 days, the sphincter pressure had improved markedly: mean resting pressures of 38, 45, 60, and 63 mmHg and mean squeezing pressure of 78, 89, 91, and 101 mmHg respectively. Fecal incontience was not noted in any patient. Other possible mucosal complications were not noted. There were no mortalit. CONCLUSIONS: BMS(TM) application in Fournier's gangrene patients after surgery successfully avoids a defunctioning colostomy. Furthermore, no significant complications were noted over a prolonged period up to 63 days.
Bandages ; Colostomy ; Debridement ; Fasciitis, Necrotizing ; Feces ; Fournier Gangrene ; Humans ; Illinois ; Polyethylene Glycols

The authors have used a B-mode real-time sector scanner and a 10-MHz probe for measurement of the skin thickness at 21 different sites in healthy Koreans. Subjects consisted of 35 adults(17 males, 18 females) who were divided into three age groups .' young(20 39 years, 12 subjects), middle-aged(40 59 years, 13 subjects), and old(over 60 years, 10 subjects). The results were as follows. 1, The measurements of the skin thickness in examined sites varied from 1.99 to 4.59 milimeters . flexor aspect of the upper arm, dorsum of the hand, extensor aspect of the forearm and flexor aspect of the forearm were thinner, and heel, upper back, metatarsus were thicker than other sites. 2, The skin thickness in males was generally thicker than that in females '. cheek, extensor aspect of the thigh were highly significantly thicker (p<0.01), and chest, upper back, lower back, flexor aspect of the upper arm and extensor aspect of the lower leg were significantly thicker(p< 0.05) in males than in females, 3. The skin was thickest in the old age groups.
Arm ; Cheek ; Female ; Forearm ; Hand ; Heel ; Humans ; Leg ; Male ; Metatarsus ; Skin* ; Thigh ; Thorax ; Ultrasonography*