No abstract available.

In 1921, Dandy discussed the clinical diagnosis and treatment of hydrocephalus secondary to occlusion of the foramina of Magendie and Luschka. In 194, Walker reported a case of congenital atresia of the outlets of the fourth ventricle treated surgically. Since a detailed study of this disease entity by Benda in 1954, the condition has commonly been known by the term, the Dandy-Walker syndrome. In 1968, Raimondi and et al refered this condition as the Dandy-Walker cyst. There is considerable discussion as to the nature of the fundamental embryologic error in this condition, but Denda suggested that atresia of developing fourth ventricular foramina was only a part of the syndrome and not its cause, because in some cases reported, the foramina were found to be patent. These patients. Show characteristic clinical symptoms, signs and radiological findings and should suggest the correct diagnosis. This syndrome was one of the first cause of hydrocephalus to be treated successfully by surgery. We are reporting one case of this cyst encountered recently at Yonsei University Medical Center.
Academic Medical Centers ; Dandy-Walker Syndrome* ; Diagnosis ; Fourth Ventricle ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus

In 1921, Dandy discussed the clinical diagnosis and treatment of hydrocephalus secondary to occlusion of the foramina of Magendie and Luschka. In 194, Walker reported a case of congenital atresia of the outlets of the fourth ventricle treated surgically. Since a detailed study of this disease entity by Benda in 1954, the condition has commonly been known by the term, the Dandy-Walker syndrome. In 1968, Raimondi and et al refered this condition as the Dandy-Walker cyst. There is considerable discussion as to the nature of the fundamental embryologic error in this condition, but Denda suggested that atresia of developing fourth ventricular foramina was only a part of the syndrome and not its cause, because in some cases reported, the foramina were found to be patent. These patients. Show characteristic clinical symptoms, signs and radiological findings and should suggest the correct diagnosis. This syndrome was one of the first cause of hydrocephalus to be treated successfully by surgery. We are reporting one case of this cyst encountered recently at Yonsei University Medical Center.
Academic Medical Centers ; Dandy-Walker Syndrome* ; Diagnosis ; Fourth Ventricle ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus

No abstract available.
Hypertrichosis*

Malignant melanoma of the spinal cord is a rare tumor 3,8,9,12 The melanomas that originate in the meninges bear a general structural resemblance to those arising elsewhere, but it is questionable whether they ever metastasis outside the central nervous system7. If can be also argued that the primary central nervous system melanoma could actually be a metastasis from an occult primary site in the skin, esophagus, rectum or other sites6. We are reporting a case of malignant melanoma involving the cervical spinal meninges and hard palate.
Central Nervous System ; Esophagus ; Melanoma* ; Meninges ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Palate, Hard ; Rectum ; Skin ; Spinal Cord*

PURPOSE: To analyze the incidence and clinical course of epithelial ingrowth after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) using a femtosecond laser. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the results of 1158 eyes of 581 patients who received LASIK with the flap created by a femtosecond laser from February 2006 to March 2009 at our institute. We investigated the incidence and clinical course of LASIK in which the flap was created by a femtosecond laser. RESULTS: Epithelial ingrowth was first detected one week after surgery in 12 (57%) of 21 eyes and within one month in 19 eyes (90%). Epithelial ingrowth was localized most commonly near the temporal and nasal flap edge in 12 eyes (57%). In two eyes (9.5%), an isolated ingrowth mass was located in the pupillary area. The development of more than 2.0 mm of epithelial ingrowth was observed in three eyes (0.25%). Among 28 eyes with loose epithelium or epithelial detachment during surgery, epithelial ingrowth was observed in six eyes (21.4%) compared with 15 (1.32%) of 1130 eyes without loose epithelium or epithelial detachment. Therefore, epithelial detachment during surgery was significantly associated with epithelial ingrowth (p = 0.00). CONCLUSIONS: In LASIK in which the flap is created by a femtosecond laser, damage to the epithelial layer increases the chances of epithelial ingrowth. Therefore, avoiding epithelial defects with a gentle maneuver is needed to reduce the chance of epithelial ingrowth during surgery.
Epithelium ; Eye ; Humans ; Incidence ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

Background: Postoperative vomiting (POV) is one of the most serious complications in pediatric patients undergoing strabismus surgery. This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that gastric decompression (GD) could prevent POV caused by gastric distension after mask ventilation. Methods: A total of 60 pediatric patients (ASA PS I–II, aged one to 10 years) were randomly allocated to two groups; Group D (n = 30) and Group C (n = 30). Induction of anesthesia was performed with careful face mask ventilation with 100% O2 (3 L/min) and sevoflurane 3 vol% to limit airway pressure below 20 cmH2O. Endotracheal intubation was done after confirming adequate neuromuscular blockade. Then, the patients in Group D received GD, while patients in Group C did not. After the surgery, POV was assessed during the emergence from anesthesia in the operating room and postanesthetic care unit (30 min and 60 min). Results: During the emergence, POV was significantly decreased in Group D compared to Group C (Group D 3.3% vs. Group C 30.0%, P = 0.006). The odds ratio analysis showed a lower incidence of POV in Group D (odds ratio = 0.080; 95% confidence limit: 0.009–0.685) during the emergence period. There was no significant difference in the incidence of POV in the postanesthetic care unit (Group D 6.7% vs. Group C 4.3% at 30 min, P = 1.000; 0% in both groups at 60 min). Conclusions GD reduced the incidence of POV in pediatric patients undergoing strabismus surgery during emergence.

The face and notably the lips are important structures not only of aestheticvalue but also for expression, vibrancy and vitality. Sometimes we are encountered with the functional and aesthtetic lip problems especially in the patients with mandibular prognathism, such as excessive vermilion exposure, lip incompetence and hyperactivity of mentalis muscle. The etiologic factors are usually related to excessive anterior facial height, secondary to the abnormal development of perioral muscle, salivary gland and the swelling of lymphatic gland. Sometimes orthognathic surgery (mandibular setback osteotomy) alone is not accepted regarding to aesthetic value, there is likely to be a corresponding interest in adjunctive procedures such as genioplasty and soft tissue procedures. This article urges the incorporation of reduction cheiloplasty. It is a relatively minor procedure that can be easily reproducible and yields excellent, predictatable results with few complications. We treated two patients who have excessive vermilion exposure and marked abnormal lip eversion using reduction cheiloplasty combined with mandibular setback osteotomy, followed by improved facial harmony and patients were pleased.
Genioplasty ; Humans ; Lip ; Orthognathic Surgery ; Osteotomy* ; Prognathism ; Salivary Glands

Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by aggregation of lipid-laden foamy macrophages (xanthoma cells). This disease entity is well- recognized in the kidney and gallbladder. However, involvement of the colon is extremely rare. Radiologically, xanthogranulomatous inflammation could be misinterpreted as a locally invasive cancerous lesion. Indeed, coexisting malignancy has been reported in xanthogranulomatous inflammation. In this case report, a woman complained of fever and right lower quadrant abdominal pain for a period of 5 days. A huge mass lesion with severe pericolic infiltration was found on abdominal CT scan. Right hemicolectomy was performed along with removal of the adjacent soft tissue and right ovary and fallopian tube. Pathology examination demonstrated xanthogranulomatous inflammation coexisting with cecal cancer (T3N0M0).
Abdominal Pain ; Cecal Neoplasms ; Colon ; Fallopian Tubes ; Female ; Fever ; Gallbladder ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Kidney ; Macrophages ; Ovary