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Lung*

Aneurysmal bone cyst uncommonly involves the pubic bone and tends to grow eccentrically and thin out overlying cortex. In the following case report, a 19-year-old male patient visited out hospital, because of dull pain in his left groin. He was diagnosed as aneurysmal bone cyst originated from the superior pubic ramus by CT guided needle biopsy. Transcatheter arterial embolization was effective in the treatment of this lesion such as complete consolidation after the procedure. At present, 2 years follow-up, no problem was noted at weight bearing as well as hip function or recurrence.
Aneurysm ; Biopsy, Needle ; Bone Cysts ; Follow-Up Studies ; Groin ; Hip ; Humans ; Male ; Pubic Bone ; Recurrence ; Weight-Bearing ; Young Adult

In data analysis, given that various statistical methods assume that the distribution of the population data is normal distribution, it is essential to check and test whether or not the data satisfy the normality requirement. Although the analytical methods vary depending on whether or not the normality is satisfied, inconsistent results might be obtained depending on the analysis method used. In many clinical research papers, the results are presented and interpreted without checking or testing normality. According to the central limit theorem, the distribution of the sample mean satisfies the normal distribution when the number of samples is above 30. However, in many clinical studies, due to cost and time restrictions during data collection, the number of samples is frequently lower than 30. In this case, a proper statistical analysis method is required to determine whether or not the normality is satisfied by performing a normality test. In this regard, this paper discusses the normality check, several methods of normality test, and several statistical analysis methods with or without normality checks.
Data Collection ; Methods ; Normal Distribution ; Statistics as Topic

Nanophthalmos is a rare disease that results from arrested development of the globe after closure of the embryonic fissure and is characterized by a small eye with thickened sclera, uveal effusion, non-rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and narrow angle glaucoma. Treatments include medical, laser and surgical theraphy for glaucoma, and surgical treatments like scleral resection, anterior sclerotomy and vortex vein decompression surgery for the drainage of the uveal effusion, etc. We experienced a case of nanophthalmos with narrow angle glaucoma and choroidal effusion in 34 year-old male patients. Anterior sclerotomy for the drainage of the uveal effusion was performed and the scleral tissue obtained. Histopathologic study on the sclera showed abnormal collagen fibers.
Adult ; Choroid ; Collagen ; Decompression ; Drainage ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Male ; Rare Diseases ; Retinal Detachment ; Sclera ; Veins

Objectives: . The aim of this study was to investigate whether preserved vestibular function in the high-frequency range influences the prognosis of patients with bilateral vestibulopathy (BVP) after vestibular rehabilitation. Methods: . Twenty-four patients followed up with vestibular rehabilitation were recruited. The enrolled patients were divided into two groups according to the preservation of the high-frequency vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) based on the video head impulse test (vHIT). The results of computerized dynamic posturography and the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) survey collected at baseline and at the 6-month follow-up after vestibular rehabilitation therapy were analyzed. Results: . Both groups showed significantly increased composite and DHI scores after follow-up with vestibular rehabilitation. The group with preserved high-frequency VOR showed a better composite score (p=0.064) and vestibular score (p= 0.008) than the group with lost high-frequency VOR at the 6-month follow up. The DHI score significantly decreased only in the group with lost high-frequency VOR (p=0.047). Among the three vestibular function tests (caloric test, rotary chair test, and vHIT) used to diagnose BVP, only vHIT showed a significant correlation (p=0.015) with a favorable prognosis (composite score ≥70). Conclusion . Better treatment outcomes are likely in patients with BVP with preserved vestibular function in response to high-frequency stimulation, as measured by the vHIT.

Objectives: . The aim of this study was to investigate whether preserved vestibular function in the high-frequency range influences the prognosis of patients with bilateral vestibulopathy (BVP) after vestibular rehabilitation. Methods: . Twenty-four patients followed up with vestibular rehabilitation were recruited. The enrolled patients were divided into two groups according to the preservation of the high-frequency vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) based on the video head impulse test (vHIT). The results of computerized dynamic posturography and the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) survey collected at baseline and at the 6-month follow-up after vestibular rehabilitation therapy were analyzed. Results: . Both groups showed significantly increased composite and DHI scores after follow-up with vestibular rehabilitation. The group with preserved high-frequency VOR showed a better composite score (p=0.064) and vestibular score (p= 0.008) than the group with lost high-frequency VOR at the 6-month follow up. The DHI score significantly decreased only in the group with lost high-frequency VOR (p=0.047). Among the three vestibular function tests (caloric test, rotary chair test, and vHIT) used to diagnose BVP, only vHIT showed a significant correlation (p=0.015) with a favorable prognosis (composite score ≥70). Conclusion . Better treatment outcomes are likely in patients with BVP with preserved vestibular function in response to high-frequency stimulation, as measured by the vHIT.

PURPOSE: We wanted to evaluate the results of medial epicondylar osteotomy for the varus knee when performing total knee arthroplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 32 cases of medial epicondylar osteotomy for treating varus deformity, and these cases underwent operation from December 2004 to December 2007. The average age of the patients was 71.0-years-old and the average follow-up period was 23.5 months. The clinical outcomes were measured, including the Knee Society score (KSS), the function score (FS) and the range of the motion (ROM). The radiological outcomes were measured by anteroposterior simple radiographs for assessing the union state of the osteotomy site, and the valgus stress radiographs and the whole extremity radiographs were used for assessing the femorotibial angle, the mechanical axis angle and the alignment. RESULTS: The KSS improved from 46.5+/-7.6 to 89.1+/-5.9 points (p<0.001) and the FS increased from 39.5+/-9.2 to 84.2+/-8.5 points (p<0.001). The range of motion increased from 101.5+/-28.2degrees to 116.0+/-10.8degrees (p=0.006). Bony union occurred in 22 knees and fibrous union occurred in 10 knees. The femorotibial angle was corrected from varus 8.2+/-5.0degrees to valgus 5.6+/-1.5degrees (p<0.001) and the mechanical axis angle was revised from varus 13.9+/-4.5degrees to varus 0.7+/-1.6degrees (p<0.001). There were 27 neutral, 4 varus and 1 valgus alignment. On the valgus stress radiographs, the difference compared with the opposite side was 1.0+/-0.6degrees and there was no significant difference between the bony union group and the fibrous union group (p=0.175). CONCLUSION: Medial epicondylar osteotomy for the varus knee when performing total knee arthroplasty could be a useful ligament balancing technique for achieving medial stability of the knee.
Arthroplasty ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Ligaments ; Osteotomy ; Range of Motion, Articular

Nerve palsy after total knee arthroplasty is a rare complication and this is usually associated with local nerve compression or severe deformity of the knee. In many cases, the cause of nerve palsy was unknown and this is rarely associated with vascular complication. We report here on a case of the patient who had nerve palsy and delayed arterial occlusion after total knee arthroplasty.
Arthroplasty ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Knee ; Paralysis

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical relationship between medial collateral ligament(MCL) complete detachment and mechanical alignment in total knee arthroplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From February 2001 to December 2006, we performed 290 TKAs. 9 TKAs(0.03%) happened MCL complete detachment. 1 TKA was excluded for paraplegia. All cases were women. The mean age was 71.1 years old. The mean follow-up period was 41.1 months. There were 7 degenerative osteoarthritis and 1 rheumatoid arthritis. The clinical evaluation included Knee Society Score(KSS), function score and range of motion(ROM) at preoperative, postoperative 3 months, 6 months, 12 months and final follow-up. We measured the femoro-tibial angle and the mecha- nical axis by anterior-posterior and whole lower extremity radiograph. The medial instability obtained serial valgus stress radiograph. RESULTS: There were 4 neutral and 4 varus alignment. KSS, function score, ROM was significantly improved in both group, and there were no significant differences in both group. On serial valgus stress radiograph, the difference compared with normal side decreased from 5.2 degree(postoperative 3 months) to 3.4 degree(final follow-up) in neutral alignment group, from 2.9 degree to 0.9 degree in varus alignment group. In final follow-up, it revealed that the medial instability of varus alignment group was less than that of neutral alignment group. CONCLUSION: In MCL complete detachment, some stability obtained by repair of medial collateral ligament and bracing. Whole instability was not gone. Therefore, we should make the varus alignment of prosthesis in mechanical axis line position of 34 to 67% on the medial tibial plateau.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Arthroplasty ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Braces ; Collateral Ligaments ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Lower Extremity ; Osteoarthritis ; Paraplegia ; Prostheses and Implants

Hip joint preserving osteotomy surgery is the treatment of choice for young patients with early symptomatic structural abnormalities of the acetabulum and proximal femur. This is true even in the absence of severe secondary degenerative changes. These disorders can include hip instability from classic developmental dysplasia, post-traumatic acetabular dysplasia, hip impingement from retrotorsional acetabular deformities, or, rarely, post-traumatic problems. During the past 20 years, various techniques of acetabular and proximal femoral reorientation have evolved, making the procedure reliable, reproducible, and durable. In this report, the current indications and results of acetabular and proximal femoral osteotomies in patients with symptomatic acetabular structural problems will be discussed.
Acetabulum ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Femur ; Hip ; Hip Joint ; Humans ; Osteotomy