No abstract available.
Animals ; Hindlimb Suspension* ; Hindlimb*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Animals ; Gene Expression* ; Hypothalamus* ; Immunohistochemistry* ; In Situ Hybridization* ; Rats* ; Vasopressins*

A subperiosteal ganglion has been very rarely reported, since Ollier reported first one in 1864. A subperiosteal ganglion is produced by mucoid degeneration and cyst formation within the periosteum, which results in cortical erosion. The characteristic plain radiolographic appearance of irregular cortical erosion and scalloping, with reactive periosteal bone spicules, has been considered pathognomonic of subperiosteal ganglion. Magnetic resonance imaging is performed to further characterize the soft tissue component of the mass. As in our patient, the characteristic signal intensities of magnetic resonance imaging are especially useful in identifying the lesion as a ganglion and in defining the lobular nature and the anatomical extent. We report here the case of a 35-year-old female who had a sudperiosteal ganglion of the distal radius.
Adult ; Female ; Ganglion Cysts* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pectinidae ; Periosteum ; Radius*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Small Cell* ; Female ; Ovary*

BACKGROUND: Vestibular reflexes, such as vestibulo-sympathetic reflex, have been considered as an important physiologic mechanism to maintain peripheral vascular resistance in case of orthostatic stress. Vestibular function may play an important role not only in maintaining spatial orientation, but also in determining G-tolerance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible contribution of vestibular function to G-tolerance. METHODS: Vestibular function was measured indirectly in 86 subjects by analyzing vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) using a rotating chair test. They were also exposed to +6Gz acceleration for 30 seconds with rapid onset run (1 G/sec). After G-exposure, they were classified into the Pass and the G-LOC group according to their success or failure to maintain consciousness during G-exposure. The VOR parameters of the G-LOC group were compared with those of the Pass group. RESULTS: While VOR gain values of one subset of the G-LOC group (low gain G-LOC group, N=8) were significantly lower than those of the Pass group at rotation frequencies of 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, and 0.32 Hz, VOR gain values of the other subset of the G-LOC group (high gain G-LOC group) were significantly higher than those of the Pass group at all rotation frequencies. There was no difference of VOR phase value between the Pass and the G-LOC groups. CONCLUSIONS:This study suggests the vestibular function may be involved in determining G-tolerance. According to VOR gain values, we were able to recognize two distinct G-LOC subgroups compared with the Pass group. The difference between afferent or efferent vestibular flows and target organ response can be a possible explanation for different VOR parameters of G-LOC subgroups.
Acceleration ; Consciousness ; Reflex ; Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular* ; Unconsciousness* ; Vascular Resistance

No abstract available.
Leiomyoma* ; Vagina*

Pneumomediastinum is a relatively uncommon, infrequently reported entity, In the evaluation of these entity, it is important to exclude pathological causes, including Boerhaave's syndrome which carries a high mortality. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is related to excessive intraalveolar pressure leading to rupture of perivascular alveoli in the setting of a Valsalva maneuver without communication to gut material. So, it has a benign self-limited course and rarely requires medical intervention. On the contrary, secondary pneumomediastinum caused by instrumental, traumatic, and spontaneous perforation of esophagus. Although the prognosis have been improved since the advent of broad-spectrum antibiotics and nutritional support, pneumomediastinum due to esophageal perforation still has a high morbidity and mortality. The most important prognostic factor is the time interval between perforation and initiation of therapy, and an awareness and a high clinical suspicion is critical in the early diagnosis and treatment. Recently, we have experienced 2 cases of pneumomediastinum, one case was spontaneous pneumomediastinum and the other may be caused by instrumental esophageal perforation. We report the clinical course of the patients with a current literature review.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Early Diagnosis ; Esophageal Perforation ; Esophagus ; Fibrinogen ; Humans ; Mediastinal Emphysema* ; Mortality ; Nutritional Support ; Prognosis ; Rupture ; Valsalva Maneuver

BACKGROUND: With increasing number of female pilots who fly high-performance aircraft, the gender specific factors have become one of the most important aeromedical considerations. It has been raised that the changes of serum female hormone levels by menstrual cycle may affect vasoregulation and female G-tolerance ultimately. However, the exact relationship between serum female hormone levels and G-tolerance is still unknown. Moreover, well-controlled subjects without taking oral contraceptives are needed to examine the possible effect of menstrual cycle on female G-tolerance. The purpose of this study was to determine how female hormones and menstrual cycle affect female relaxed G-tolerance. METHODS: Eight female subjects were studied to test their relaxed G-tolerance. Seven out of 8 subjects had regular menstrual cycle during the study period. Each subject were exposed to human centrifuge once a week for 4 weeks (one complete menstrual cycle) and blood samplings were performed twice at 2nd and 4th week just before exposure to human centrifuge. The profile of centrifuge training consisted of gradual-onset run (0.1 G/sec) acceleration to the visual endpoint. RESULTS: The changes of 4 different serum female hormone levels failed to show any trend related to relaxed G-tolerance including estrogen. There was no significant difference in relaxed G-tolerance in any menstrual cycle time points. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the changes of female hormone levels and the menstrual cycle have no effect on female relaxed G-tolerance.
Acceleration ; Aircraft ; Contraceptives, Oral ; Diptera ; Estrogens ; Female* ; Humans ; Menstrual Cycle*

A 4-year-old boy has had a solitary sclerotic depressed plaque on the right anterior chest since birth. The histopathologic findings are consistent with morphea profunda: thickening, hyalinization, and homogenization of collagen bundles in the dermis and subcutaneous tissues, admixture with a prominent lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltrate, and sweat glands en-trapped between the thickened collagen bundles. We report a case of congenital solitary morphea profunda.
Child, Preschool ; Collagen ; Dermis ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Male ; Parturition ; Plasma Cells ; Scleroderma, Localized* ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Sweat Glands ; Thorax