The nutritional status of 162 patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) was screened by Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) and assessed by Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) at the next day of admission.Among 150 MHD patients who met the study requirement,the nutritional risk was 29.3％ as screened with NRS-2002,and the rate of nutrition deficiency was 41.3％ with SGA assessment,there was no difference between two methods (x2 =18.155,P =0.109) ; According to BMI,the incidence of nutrition deficiencies,overweight and obesity in MHD patients was 13.3％,30.7％ and 29.3％.NRS-2002 and SGA are applicable to nutritional deficiencies assessment in MHD patients,but NRS-2002 is more comprehensive and feasible than SGA.

No Abstract Available.
Alopecia* ; Telemedicine*

A case of seminoma of the cryptorchism, found in 34 years old Korean male is reported. In Campbell's series, the incidence of malignancy in cryptorchism is claimed to be 35 times greater than in the normally descended testicle. A case of seminoma of the cryptorchism is added to literature.
Adult ; Cryptorchidism* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Seminoma* ; Testis

In 2007, the Public Sanitation Administration Law in Korea was partially amended to subdivide cosmetology into general and skin cosmetology. Thus starting from 2008, a skin cosmetology qualification requirement license was newly created in Korea. Instead of improving the health standards concerning public health, the amendments have exaggerated the monopolistic right of trade of the Korean Central Esthetician's Association with the assistance of the Division of Sanitary Policy in the Korean Ministry for Health. In addition, the amended ordinances stipulate that cosmetologists can analyze skin conditions, hence allowing medical diagnostic procedures by non-medical personnel which has serious health problems causing serious conflict with Korean Medical Law. Legislation precedents from around the world demonstrate that medical supervision by physicians is absolutely necessary with fastidious requisitions in order to safeguard public health. However, in Korea there is a subversive attempt by some esthetician groups to limit the employment of estheticians by medical institutions in order to safeguard their private privileges. The newly amended Public Sanitation Administration Law should be revised in order to preserve the fundamental rights of the people, to enhance public health, and to uphold the well being of the people instead of catering to special interest groups.
Employment ; Human Rights ; Jurisprudence ; Korea ; Licensure ; Organization and Administration ; Public Health ; Public Opinion ; Sanitation ; Skin

No Abstract Available.
Sezary Syndrome*

BACKGROUNDS: Prognosis following surgery of gastric cancer has markedly improved as a result of early diagnosis, advances in operative techniques and perioperative managements. However, gastrointestinal surgery in patients with hepatic cirrhosis has continued to be associated with a high operative morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this retrospective study is to evaluate the prognostic factors on postoperative morbidity and survival in gastric cancer patients with hepatic cirrhosis. METHODS: We analysed 24 gastric cancer patients with hepatic cirrhosis between November 1994 and October 1999 (19 patients with Child A, 5 patients with Child B) to evaluate postoperative complications and survivals. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in age, sex, stage, operative types, and range of dissection between Child A and B. Postoperative complications occurred more commonly in the patients with more severe hepatic cirrhosis (Child A 5/19, Child B 4/5, p<0.05). There was no significant difference in 5-year survival rates between patients with Child A and B hepatic cirrhosis. Only the stage of cancer was proved to be the most significant prognostic factor. CONCLUSION: Patients with gastric cancer accompanied by hepatic cirrhosis can be successfully managed surgically on the basis of an appropriate preoperative assessment of hepatic conditions, proper selection of surgical procedures, and careful perioperative management.
Child ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis* ; Mortality ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: Although linear-shaped gastroduodenostomy (LSGD) was reported to be a feasible and reliable method of Billroth I anastomosis in patients undergoing totally laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (TLDG), the feasibility of LSGD for patients undergoing totally robotic distal gastrectomy (TRDG) has not been determined. This study compared the feasibility of LSGD in patients undergoing TRDG and TLDG.MATERIALS AND METHODS: ALL C: onsecutive patients who underwent LSGD after distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer between January 2009 and December 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to reduce the selection bias between TRDG and TLDG. Short-term outcomes, functional outcomes, learning curve, and risk factors for postoperative complications were analyzed.RESULTS: This analysis included 414 patients, of whom 275 underwent laparoscopy and 139 underwent robotic surgery. PSM analysis showed that operation time was significantly longer (163.5 vs. 132.1 minutes, P<0.001) and postoperative hospital stay significantly shorter (6.2 vs. 7.5 days, P<0.003) in patients who underwent TRDG than in patients who underwent TLDG. Operation time was the independent risk factor for LSGD after intracorporeal gastroduodenostomy. Cumulative sum analysis showed no definitive turning point in the TRDG learning curve. Long-term endoscopic findings revealed similar results in the two groups, but bile reflux at 5 years showed significantly better improvement in the TLDG group than in the TRDG group (P=0.016).CONCLUSIONS: LSGD is feasible in TRDG, with short-term and long-term outcomes comparable to that in TLDG. LSGD may be a good option for intracorporeal Billroth I anastomosis in patients undergoing TRDG.
Bile Reflux ; Gastrectomy ; Gastroenterostomy ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Learning Curve ; Length of Stay ; Methods ; Postoperative Complications ; Propensity Score ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Robotic Surgical Procedures ; Selection Bias ; Stomach Neoplasms

Purpose: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely used environmental contaminant that is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and a shift of gut microbial community. However, little is known about the influence of BPA on gut microbial changes related to bariatric surgery. We investigated whether long-term exposure to dietary BPA causing alterations of gut microbiome occurred after bariatric surgery.  Methods: Six-week-old male Wistar rats were fed either a high- fat diet (HFD) or HFD + BPA for 40 weeks. Then sleeve gastrectomy (SG) or Roux-en Y gastric bypass (RYGB) was performed in each diet group and observed for 12 weeks postoperatively. Fecal samples were collected at the 40th weeks and 12th postoperative weeks. Using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing analysis on fecal samples, a comparative metagenomic analysis on gut microbiome composition was performed.  Results: Long-term exposure to HFD with BPA showed higher body weight change and higher level of fasting blood sugar after 40 weeks-diet challenge than those of the HFD only group. After bariatric surgeries, mean body weight of the HFD with BPA group was significantly higher than the HFD only group, but there was no difference between the SG and RYGB groups. The metagenomic analyses demonstrated that long-term exposure to dietary BPA did not affect significant alterations of gut microbiome before and after bariatric surgery, compared with the HFD groups.  Conclusion Our results highlighted that BPA was a risk factor for obesity and may contribute to glucose intolerance, but it did not affect alterations of gut microbiome after bariatric/metabolic surgery.

PURPOSE: The aim of our study was to identify the CT features helpful in the differential diagnosis of Iobar consolidation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the CT findings in 52 consecutive patients with Iobar consolidation which were proved to be pulmonary tuberculosis(n=24), malignant obstructive pneumonitis due to bronchogenic carcinoma(n=21), and lung abscess(n=7). We retrospectively reviewed CT scans with respect to 1) number of cavities or low attenuation area suggesting necrosis(we described these as cavity), 2) the contour of cavity, 3) enhancement of the cavity wall, 4) enhancement of pleura, 5) small nodules adjacent to the consolidation, 6) similar lesion in other location in lung, 7) air-bronchogram 8) mediastinal lymph node enlargement, and 9) extrapleural change. RESULTS: The helpful CT fingings in the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were multiple cavities(more than three;79.2%), small nodules adjacent to the Iobar consolidation(75.0%), similar lesion in another lobe or lung(91.7%), air-bronchogram(91.7%), and mediastinal lymph node enlargement(58.3%). Although extrapleural change had low sensitivity it was highly specific for pulmonary tuberculosis(sensitivity, 43.5%;specificity, 91. 7%). Multiple cavities(61.9%) and mediastinal lymph node enlargement(52.4%) were common findings of malignant obstructive pneumonitis. In the patients with lung abscess, the common findings were small number of cavities(one or two, 85.7%) and air-bronchogram(85.7%). However, other findings of pulmonary tuberculosis were rarely seen in the patients with malignant obstructive pneumonitis or lung abscess. CONCLUSION: The CT findings of Iobar consolidation may be used as useful adjuncts in the differential diagnosis of Iobar consolidation.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Lung Abscess* ; Lung* ; Lymph Nodes ; Pleura ; Pneumonia* ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tuberculosis* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

BACKGROUND: Arsenics have been used for various medical purposes. These arsenics can cause different kinds of cutaneous and internal malignancies. The arsenic-induced malignancies can be fatal or cause severe morbidity. OBJECTIVE: For early detection and prevention of the arsenic-induced malignancies, the authors analyzed the clinical characteristics of arsenic-induced skin diseases. METHODS: Medical records of 15 patients(10 males, 5 females) with arsenical keratosis(AK) during a period from September 1994 to October 1999 were reviewed. Interview, physical examinations, skin biopsy, and laboratory tests were performed. RESULTS: 14 patients used Korean proprietary pills(KPP, "Hwan-Yak"), which were suspected to contain certain amount of arsenics, as a drug for treatment of certain diseases such as vitiligo(4 patients, 26.7%), laceration, syphilis, etc. The other formulation of medication was Salvarsan injection. Age at KPP or Salvarasan medication was from seven to thirty-five years old. Duration of medication was from one month to four years. Bowen's disease(BD), squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) and basal cell carcinoma(BCC) were detected in ten(66.7%), three(20%) and one(6.7%) patients, respectively. One(6.7%) patient had lung cancer. Sites of predilection were palmoplantar area(100%) for AK, trunk(60%) for BD and lower extremities(45%) for SCC and BCC. CONCLUSION: Chronic exposure to arsenic can induce the cutaneous and systemic malignancies. To prevent these malignancies, strict managements and supervising programs on certain arsenic-containing drugs(probably KPPs) are required, and regular cutaneous and systemic examinations for the patients with AK should be performed.
Arsenic ; Arsphenamine ; Biopsy ; Humans ; Keratosis* ; Lacerations ; Lung Neoplasms ; Male ; Medical Records ; Physical Examination ; Skin ; Skin Diseases ; Skin Neoplasms ; Syphilis