PURPOSE: The umbilical cord blood has been considered as an alternative source of hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation. The CD34+ is known as a common stem cell antigen and the CD34+ CD38- immunophenotype reportedly defines a primitive subpopulation of progenitor cells. In this study the frequency of CD34+ and CD34+ CD38- hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in placental/cord blood (UCB), and adult peripheral blood (PB) were determined. METHODS: Between July and September 1998, 27 collections of UCB were performed at the obstetric units of Hanyang University Hospital. Fifteen adult PB samples were also obtained for control. RESULTS: The frequency of total CD34+ cells in UCB was higher (1.13+/-0.58% vs 0.46+/-0.30%, P=0.0002) than PB and the frequency of CD34+ CD38- cells in UCB was also greater (0.02+/-0.02 vs 0.01+/-0.01, P=0.035) than PB. The majority of UCB- and PB-derived CD34+ cells expressed CD38- antigen (98.22+/-2.11% in UCB and 97.85+/-2.56% in PB). The frequency of CD38- expression by UCB derived CD34+ cells was slightly higher (not statistically significant) than that by PB derived CD34+ cells. The frequency of CD34+ cells was increased linearly with birth weight (r=0.413). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that UCB could be a useful source of highly primitive hematopoietic stem cells for marrow reconstitution after bone marrow ablation.
Adult* ; Birth Weight ; Bone Marrow ; Fetal Blood* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Stem Cells

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to determine the predictors of employment intention for mentally disabled persons. METHODS: Mentally disabled persons who had participated in rehabilitation programs in one of 16 mental health centers and 9 community rehabilitation centers located in Seoul and Kyunggi province were recruited for this study. A random sampling method was used and 414 respondents were used for final analysis. Data was analyzed by Pearson's correlation, and stepwise multiple regression using the SPSS Win 14.0. RESULTS: The predictors influencing employment intention of the mentally disabled person were observed as employment desire (beta=.48), guardian's expectation (beta=.26), professional's support (beta=.23), financial management (beta=.10), eating habits (beta=.07), and quality of life (beta=-.01). Six factors explained 61.1% of employment intention of mentally disabled persons. CONCLUSION: The employment intention of a mentally disabled person was influenced by employment desire, diet self-efficacy, guardian's expectation, professional's support, quality of life, financial management and eating habits.
Adult ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; *Employment ; Female ; Humans ; Intention ; Male ; Mentally Disabled Persons/*psychology/rehabilitation ; Middle Aged ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Quality of Life ; Questionnaires ; Self Concept ; Social Support

Nowadays, more aggressive local control of primary cancer site is believed to be the most effective among the oncologists. However, this aggressive local control of cancer leaves a large defect of tissue which needs the reconstruction by a plastic surgeon.Post-oncologic reconstruction usually needs to use free flap coverage rather than local flap because of extensive tissue defect and post-radiation fibrosis. End-to-side microvascular anastomosis rather than end-to-end microvascular anastomosis is necessary especially for limb salvage in case of malignant cancer of the limb or for saving the important recipient vessel. The effect of radiation of end-to-end microvascular anastomosis was revealed to be minimal in the previous studies, but the effect of radiation on end-to-side microvascular anastomosis has not been researched up to present. The authors designed this experimental study model to clarify the effect of radiation on the patency of end-to-side microvascular anastomosis. For control group, total 20 rats were used. In one control group which consists of 10 rats, end-to-side microvascular anastomoses were carried out on their carotid arteries. In the other control group of 10 rats, end-to-end microvascular anastomoses were done. In radiation groups, 2000 rad X-radiation(peak 250 kV, 30 mA) was given on the neck areas of 40 rats. In two radiation groups, each of which consists of 10 rats, end-to-end and end-to-side microvascular anastomoses were carried out respectively on their carotid arteries 3 weeks after radiation. In another two radiation groups, each of 10 rats, the same procedures were done respectively 6 weeks after radiation. On the fourth week after anastomsis, the vascular patency and histological examinations were done. This study revealed that no effect of radiation on the vascular patency was found depending on both types of microanastomoses although some histologic changes were evident.
Animals ; Carotid Arteries ; Extremities ; Fibrosis ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Limb Salvage ; Neck ; Rats ; Vascular Patency

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation. The spleen is the largest organ of the lymphatic system and has an important role in immunity.Obesity-induced inflammatory responses are triggered by Toll-like receptor (TLR)-myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) pathway signaling. Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) and 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM), major dietary glucosinolates present in cruciferous vegetables, have been reported to produce anti-inflammatory effects on various diseases. However, the effects of PEITC and DIM on the obesity-induced inflammatory response in the spleen are unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the antiinflammatory effects of PEITC and DIM on the spleen and their mechanism in high fat/ cholesterol diet (HFCD)-fed C57BL/6 mice.MATERIALS/METHODS: We established an animal model of HFCD-induced obesity using C57BL/6 mice. The mice were divided into six groups: normal diet with AIN-93G diet (CON), high fat diet (60% calories from fat) with 1% cholesterol (HFCD), HFCD with PEITC 30 mg/kg/ day or 75 mg/kg/day (HFCD+P30, HFCD+P75), and HFCD with DIM 1.5 mg/kg/day or 7.5 mg/kg/ day (HFCD+D1.5, HFCD+D7.5). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to evaluate proinflammatory cytokine secretion. Western blot and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to analyze protein and mRNA levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65, interleukin 6 (IL-6), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), TLR2, TLR4, and MyD88 in spleen tissue. RESULTS: Serum IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the HFCD group than in groups fed a HFCD with PEITC or DIM. Levels of NF-κB p65 protein and TLR2/4, MyD88, NF-κB p65, IL-6, and COX-2 mRNA were significantly higher in the HFCD group than in the CON group and were reduced by the PEITC and DIM supplements. CONCLUSIONS PEITC- and DIM-supplemented diets improved splenic inflammation by modulating the TLR2/4-MyD88 pathway in HFCD-fed mice. We suggest that dietary glucosinolates may at least partially improve obesity-induced inflammation of the spleen.

Myoclonus, generalized epilepsy, and progressive neurological decline characterize progressive myoclonus epilepsy. A 25-year-old woman was admitted for the evaluation of seizure, progressive myoclonus and ataxic gait. Her symptoms had developed since she was 13 years old. She did not have facial dysmorphism, hepatosplenomegaly, or dementia. Fundoscopic evaluation revealed cherry-red spots in both macular regions. Biochemical assays of hexosaminidase A, beta-galactosidase, and neuraminidase in leukocytes and urine mucopolysaccharides were free of any abnormality. The patient might have an unknown type of lysosomal storage disease.
Adolescent ; Adult ; beta-Galactosidase ; Dementia ; Epilepsy, Generalized ; Female ; Gait ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Hexosaminidase A ; Humans ; Leukocytes ; Lysosomal Storage Diseases ; Myoclonic Epilepsies, Progressive* ; Myoclonus ; Neuraminidase ; Seizures

Since 1982, many countries have reported outbreaks or sporadic cases by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (E. coli) serogroup strains, mainly E. coli O157 : H7. Hemorrhagic E. coli induces hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in 10 to 15% of cases in infants and young chilidren. HUS is a clinical syndrome of hemolytic anemia, acute renal failure, and thrombocytopenia. We experienced a case of E. coli O8 as the causative organism of hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome in 16 year-old man. Hemorrhagic colitis was diagnosed by the sigmoidoscopy and E. coli O8 was identified in the stool culture. Hemolytic uremic syndrome was clinically diagnosed. A conservative management including total parenteral nutrition, plasma exchange transfusion, hemodialysis and continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration with dialysis resulted in a complete recovery of the patient. We herein report this manifestations of E. coli O8 and discuss the therapeutic issues related to hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Adolescent ; Anemia, Hemolytic ; Colitis ; Dialysis ; Disease Outbreaks ; Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli ; Escherichia coli* ; Escherichia* ; Hemofiltration ; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome* ; Humans ; Infant ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total ; Plasma Exchange ; Renal Dialysis ; Sigmoidoscopy ; Thrombocytopenia

PURPOSE: Colorectal cancer might have a synchronous cancer or polyps. Diagnosis of synchronous cancer is important for surgical treatment. The purpose of this study is to review the clinicopathological characteristics of synchronous multiple colorectal cancers. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed with 16 patients with synchronous multiple colon cancer out of 625 colorectal cancer patients who underwent surgical treatment from March 2000 to December 2005. RESULTS: The incidence of synchronous multiple colon cancer was 2.6%, and 1.9% in case of exception of Tis. The incidence of synchronous polyp was 62.5% in synchronous multiple colorectal caner and higher than 29.6% in single colorectal cancer. Numbers of the lesions were from 2 to 4, and total number of lesions were 35. Preoperative diagnostic rate of multiple colorectal cancers was 46.7% with colonoscopic examination. 18.8% of synchronous cancers were detected during intraoperative examination. Microscopically, ulcerative type was most common (62.9%), moderately differentiated type was common (84.8%). In TNM stage, advanced stage was common and stage III was 43.8%. T3 was the most common lesion in T stage among all lesions in synchronous cancer. Relatively small lesions of less than 2 cm were common (48.3%). Synchronous cancers were common in distal part of colorectum. Operations were carried out from segmental resection, to total or subtotal colectomy in case of multiple involvement of colon by cancer. During the follow up, one case was died postoperative 22 months due to cerebrovascular attack. CONCLUSIONS: Synchronous multiple colon cancer was important for decision of extent of surgical resection. In this study, preoperative diagnostic rate of multiple colorectal cancers was 42.9%. So, index of suspicion about synchronous multiple colorectal cancers in preoperative and intraoperative stage is major key to improve the detection rate of synchronous lesion and appropriate resection.
Colectomy ; Colon ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Polyps ; Retrospective Studies ; Ulcer

PURPOSE: To investigate the causes of gastric wall shortening in early gastric cancer, upper gastrointestinal study was correlated with pathologic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated 41 cases(M :F=1.7:1, average age=49) of early gastric cancer, retrospectively. The gastric wall shortening were classified as Grade I; none, Grade II ;intermediate, and Grade III; prominent. Pathologic findings such as size of lesions, depth of tumor invasion, degree of the submucosal fibrosis, degree of thickness of the submucosa and muscularis propria, and morphologic patterns of lesions including conversing mucosal folds were correlated with the degree of gastric wall shortening on upper gastrointestinal series. RESULTS: Submucosal fibrosis was present in 4 cases in Grade I (n=21), 4 cases in Grade II (n=6) and 8 cases in Grade III (n=10). Positive conversing mucosal folds were seen in 5 cases in Grade I (n=17), 0 case in Grade II (n=2) and 9 cases in Grade III (n=9). Gastric wall shortening was significantly associated with submucosal fibrosis and conversing mucosal folds of early gastric cancer. (p=.0001 and p=.002, respectively) CONCLUSION: Upper gastrointestinal finding of gastric wall protrusion in patients with early gastric cancer should not misinterprete as advanced gastric cancer since the finding could be a result of submucosal fibrosis.
Fibrosis ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: To investigate the causes of gastric wall shortening in early gastric cancer, upper gastrointestinal study was correlated with pathologic findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated 41 cases(M :F=1.7:1, average age=49) of early gastric cancer, retrospectively. The gastric wall shortening were classified as Grade I; none, Grade II ;intermediate, and Grade III; prominent. Pathologic findings such as size of lesions, depth of tumor invasion, degree of the submucosal fibrosis, degree of thickness of the submucosa and muscularis propria, and morphologic patterns of lesions including conversing mucosal folds were correlated with the degree of gastric wall shortening on upper gastrointestinal series. RESULTS: Submucosal fibrosis was present in 4 cases in Grade I (n=21), 4 cases in Grade II (n=6) and 8 cases in Grade III (n=10). Positive conversing mucosal folds were seen in 5 cases in Grade I (n=17), 0 case in Grade II (n=2) and 9 cases in Grade III (n=9). Gastric wall shortening was significantly associated with submucosal fibrosis and conversing mucosal folds of early gastric cancer. (p=.0001 and p=.002, respectively) CONCLUSION: Upper gastrointestinal finding of gastric wall protrusion in patients with early gastric cancer should not misinterprete as advanced gastric cancer since the finding could be a result of submucosal fibrosis.
Fibrosis ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: Study purpose was to describe the child safety injury experiences, injury prevention behaviors and educational needs of immigrant Vietnamese women on Jeju Island, and to explore associations among those factors.METHODS: A descriptive correlational study was conducted using structured questionnaires to collect data from immigrant Vietnamese women who visited a multicultural centers on Jeju Island from January to April, 2017.RESULTS: Data from 60 women were analyzed. They were 28.2±5.5 years old, had resided in Korea for 40.6±31.1 months, and had 1.5±0.6 children on average. In total, 51.7% had previous injury prevention education, 68.2% had experienced child safety injuries, and 95.0% wanted to receive education on how to prevent child safety injuries. The mean total score of child injury prevention behaviors was 27.33±17.79, and that variable was associated with a longer duration of formal education (t=2.41, p=.021) and with women's experiences of child safety injury (t=5.97, p<.001).CONCLUSION: Immigrant Vietnamese women experienced a higher frequency of child safety injuries and needed educational opportunities to prevent these injuries. Further research is necessary to develop the essential content and effective methods for education on child safety injury prevention among this unique multicultural population.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Child ; Education ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Vietnam