No abstract available.
Balloon Valvuloplasty* ; Constriction, Pathologic*

No abstract available.
Fanconi Anemia*

PURPOSE: It is to report the efficacy and safety of an argon laser photocoagulation which was the treatment modality for retinopathy of prematurity. METHODS: From March 1996 to December 1999, on 69 prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity, they were series of observations following periods of two to five days, one week, two weeks, four weeks, three months and one year time respectively. RESULTS: We noticed the regressions in 84 prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity cases as well. CONCLUSIONS: The report emphasized the advantages of the argon laser photocoagulation which reduce the risk from a general anesthesia by applying a topical anesthesia, and the safety of using laser technique of convenience to apply and minimize the tissue damages of the lesions. It also described the preferable consequent results following the early treatment with divided applications on the prethreshold cases.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Argon* ; Light Coagulation ; Ophthalmoscopes* ; Retinopathy of Prematurity*

The authors analyzed the radiographs(brain CT and cerebral angiograms) and medical & surgical records of 54 cases of ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysms resulted in operations at our hospital from January 1991 to December 1995. The results were summarized as follows: 1) The rate of incidence was found to be highest in sixth decade and the ratio of male to female was 1:1. 2) On the preoperative brain CT, ventricular or cerebral hemorrhage combined cases had high Hunt-Hess and Fisher grades. 3) Of 54 cases, hypertension was observed in 20 cases(37%). Hypertension had no effect on the admission Hunt-Hess and Fisher grades. 4) Classification of the anterior communicating artery aneurysms according to its directions were as follows; anterior direction in 57.4%, superior direction in 18.5%, posterior direction in 13%, inferior direction in 11.1%. 5) The afferent artery of anterior communicating artery aneurysms were as follows; left A1 in 38 cases(70.4%), right A1 in 12 cases(22,2%), bilateral A1 in 4 cases(7.4%). 6) The ranges of diameters of the aneurysm was as follows;6-10mm in 57.4%, below 5mm in 22.2%. 7) The posteriorly directing aneurysms showed less favorable preoperative state, and preoperative hydrocephalus was most common on the posteriorly directing aneurysms. 8) There was no significant relationship between direction of aneurysm and prognosis. However, better Hunt-Hess grades seem to correlate better prognosis. 9) The operation was performed by pterional approach in all cases, the approach side was selected for the presence of dominant feeding artery in 50 cases(92.6%). 10) Overall mortality rate was 1.8%, the patients who died are of the older age group and the cause of death was medical complication in 6 cases.
Aneurysm ; Arteries ; Brain ; Cause of Death ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Classification ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Male ; Mortality ; Prognosis

Bilateral hypoplasia of the internal carotid arteries is a rare condition. The authors experienced two cases of bilateral hypoplasia of the internal carotid arteries. In one case, a 46-year-old female patient, presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Internal carotid angiograms showed right hypoplastic internal carotid artery and left agenetic internal carotid artery. An aneurysm, believed to be the source of the subarachnoid hemorrhage, took origin from the trunk of the basilar artery. In another case, a 48-year-old male, presented with semicomatous mentality. Brain CT demonstrated intracranial hemorrhage on the parasylvian area, and high density on the basal cistern, quadrigerminal cistern and temporal horn of left lateral ventricle. Initially, aortic arch injection did not visualized the origin of the common carotid arteries. It revealed only the vertebral arteries and both external carotid artery originating from each vertebral artery. A selective left vetebral artery study demonstrated a communication between the hypertrophied basilar artery and the posterior cerebral arteries. The anterior and middle cerebral vessels, in turn, were opacified through the circle of Willis, via the posterior communicating arteries. In addition, an aneurysm, believed to be the sourse of the subarachnoid hemorrhage, took origin from the posterior cerebral artery. The cases of the bilateral hypoplasia of internal carotid artery with intracranial aneurysm are reported as above, together with literature review.
Aneurysm ; Animals ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Arteries ; Basilar Artery ; Brain ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Carotid Artery, External ; Carotid Artery, Internal* ; Circle of Willis ; Collateral Circulation ; Female ; Horns ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Lateral Ventricles ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Posterior Cerebral Artery ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Vertebral Artery

No abstract available.
Leiomyoma*

BACKGROUND: Ischemic preconditioning(IP) is known to be effective in the protection of myocardial necrosis, arrhythmia, and the restoration of the myocardial function in the ischemia-reperfusion state of the heart. However the exact mechanism is not clearly understood. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the trigger mechanism of IP on the restoration of the myocardial function after ischemia-reperfusion. MATERIAL AND METHOD: By connecting a Langendorff perfusion apparatus with an isolated heart of a rat, the normal temperature of the heart was maintained. The experiment was conducted in seven groups, which were divided according to the preconditioning stimuli and blockage methods: Group I(n=10) was a group without IP, Group II(n=10) a group of three-minute IP, Group III(n=10) a group of PEIP, Group IV(n=10) a group of clonidine IP, Group V(n=10) a group of IP after reserpine, Group VI(n=10) a group of PE & prazosin IP, and Group VII(n=10) a group of clonidine & yohimbine IP. Hemodynamic parameters of DP, LVEDP, +/-dP/dT and the changes of perfusion in the coronary artery were evaluated. RESULT: Developed pressure and +dP/dT changed per unit time. After 20 minutes of reperfusion, those of Group II and III were 63.1+/-3.7%, 64.8+/-4.6% and 64.5+/-4.6%, 63.8+/-4.4%, which improved more significantly than those of Group I(P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences between the Groups V and VI, and Group I. CONCLUSION: The Brief ischemic preconditioning and pharmacological preconditioning using alpha-receptor sympathomimetics have protecting effects on the restoration of myocardial function after reperfusion. And the protecting effect of preconditioning seems to be related to sympathetic neurotransmitters and to the selective action of the alpha1-adrenergic receptor.
Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Clonidine ; Coronary Vessels ; Heart ; Hemodynamics ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial* ; Necrosis ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Perfusion ; Prazosin ; Rats* ; Reperfusion ; Reserpine ; Sympathomimetics ; Yohimbine

Authors report a case of one-stage transoral decompression and posterior fusion in rheumatoid atlanto-axial subluxation. A 63-year-old man developed a rheumatoid atlantoaxial subluxation with mild weakness of all extremities which developed relatively suddenly 3 motnths after the initial symptom of neck pain. Skeletal traction followed by transoral decompression and occipitocervical fusion was performed on the same day. Postoperative course has been uneventful and revealed favorable fusion state of occipito-atlanto-axis. The pertinent literature on rheumatoid atlanto-axial subluxation is reviewed and discussed.
Decompression* ; Extremities ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neck Pain ; Traction

Authors report a case of one-stage transoral decompression and posterior fusion in rheumatoid atlanto-axial subluxation. A 63-year-old man developed a rheumatoid atlantoaxial subluxation with mild weakness of all extremities which developed relatively suddenly 3 motnths after the initial symptom of neck pain. Skeletal traction followed by transoral decompression and occipitocervical fusion was performed on the same day. Postoperative course has been uneventful and revealed favorable fusion state of occipito-atlanto-axis. The pertinent literature on rheumatoid atlanto-axial subluxation is reviewed and discussed.
Decompression* ; Extremities ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neck Pain ; Traction

PURPOSE: This study explored and evaluated the systemic complications resulting from the bite of Korean venomous snake, focussing on hematologic and neurologic features. METHODS: Medical records (demographic data, clinical measurements including laboratory results, severity score, and amount of antidote administration, and hospitalization course) of consecutive patients who presented with snakebites to two university teaching hospital during a 10-year period were retrospectively reviewed. Subgroup analysis was conducted for evaluations of anti-acetylcholine esterase administration in complicated victims. RESULTS: The 170 patients displayed occurrence rates of hematologic and neurologic complications of 12.9% and 20.6%, respectively. Among 22 patients with hematologic complications, isolated thrombocytopenia was evident in eight patients (36.4%), prothrombin time (PT)/activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) prolongation in 11 patients (50.0%), and both in three patients (13.6%). The mean time to recovery was 4.5+/-1.8 days for isolated thrombocytopenia, and 5.1+/-1.8 days for PT and aPTT prolongation. Hematologic complications could occur suddenly 1~4 days after hospitalization. Among 35 patients with neurologic complications, dizziness was evident in 16 patients (45.7%), and diplopia / blurred vision in 19 patients (54.3%). The mean time to recovery was 3.4+/-0.6 days in patients receiving anti-acetylcholine esterase and 6.9+/-1.8 days in those not receiving anti-acetylcholine esterase (p=0.00). CONCLUSION: Occurrence rates of hematologic and neurologic complications following venomous snake bite differed as compared to other studies conducted in Korea. Onset of hematologic complications can occur rapidly days after admittance. Anti-acetylcholine esterase administration may be effective in treating neurologic complications.
Bites and Stings ; Diplopia ; Dizziness ; Hospitalization ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Humans ; Korea ; Medical Records ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Prothrombin Time ; Retrospective Studies ; Snake Bites ; Snakes ; Thrombocytopenia ; Venoms ; Vision, Ocular