ObjectiveTo understand the harm of drinking-tea borne endemic flnorosis on human body and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of effective control measures.MethodsSeven counties in Lhasa of Tibet were selected as monitoring counties in 2008.Four townships in each county were selected(including 2 villages in Chengguan county),and 2 administrative villages in each township were selected as monitoring villages.By using Dean method,dental fluorosis of every child aged 8 - 12 in the monitoring villages was examined.At the same time,urine samples were randomly collected in each age group in the above-mentioned villages.The content of fluoride in urine was determined by F-ion selective electrode (WS/T 30-1996) and evaluated according to “The Normal Concentration of Uriary Fluride of Population” (WS/T 256-2005).Over 18 years old in the monitoring counties were divided into five age group as - 25,- 35,- 45,- 55 and 56 -,at least 10 ment were randomly selected in each age group to be examined clinical skeletal fluorosis,and the diagnosis was based on the endemic skeletal fluorosis standard(WS 192-2007 ).At the same time,adult dental fluorosis diagnosis and urinary fluoride examination were done.Drinking water samples in each survey point were collected and water fluoride was determination by ion selective electrode method.Results①Dental fluorosis:a total of 723 children aged 8 to 12 were examined,91 cases of dental fluorosis were detected,and detection rate was 12.58％,dental fluorosis index was 0.34; ②adult dental fluorosis:a total of 2626 adults were examined,998 cases of dental fluorosis were detected,and detection rate was 38.00％,dental fluorosis index was 0.71; ③Adult clinical skeletal fluorosis:a total of 2626 adults were examined,15 degree Ⅱ clinical skeletal fluorosis patients were detected,and the detection rate was 0.57％ ; ④Child urine fluoride:a total of 700 child urine samples were collected.The geometric mean was 1.97 mg/L,ranged 0.01 to 17.56 rng/L; ⑤Adult urine fluoride:a total of 2626 adults were examined,geometric mean 2.16 mg/L,ranged 0.01 to 56.87 mg/L; ⑥Water fluoride:52 water samples were tested in survey sites,and fluoride content of 15 water samples exceeded the standard; ⑦Tea fluorine content:2000 tea samples were tested; median tea fluoride was 2.38 mg/L,ranged from 0.03 to 56.87 mg/L.ConclusionsFluorosis is serious in Lhasa,which is directly related to drinking brick tea,it is recommended that to drink brick tea with lowfluoride,and discard bad living habits.

Objective To evaluate the effects of percutanenous intrapulmonary injecti0n 0f IL-2 plus radiotherapy for lung cancer. Methods Twenty-two patients with inoperable non small cell lung cancer received percutanenous intrapulmonary injection of 100U ? 6 in 6 weeks; and radiation dose was 60 Gy/6wks. Results The total effective response rate (CR+PR) was 95. 4 % with the complete response rate (CR) of 40. 9 %. Couclusion Percutanenous intrapulmomary injection of IL-2 plus radiotherapy could improve the control rate of the patients with lung cancer.

Objective To evaluate the topical anesthetic effects of compound lidocaine cream ( CLC) coated endo-tracheal tube on the prevention of cough/agitation during extubation in thyroidectomy under general anesthesia . Methods 42 patients scheduled for thyroidectomy in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were continuously en -rolled in this prospective double-blinded randomized controlled trial .Patients were randomized into two groups . Group L were intubated with endotracheal tube coated with CLC , while the control group , group C with liquid par-affin .The end point of study was spontaneous or induced cough /agitation during extubation .Hemodynamic parame-ters and the consumption of opioids were recorded .Patients were followed for major complications during their stay in hospital .Results Spontaneous cough/agitation rate was lower in group L than group C ( 15% vs 65%, P<0.01 );so was induced cough/agitation (35%vs 90%, P<0.001 );the value of SBP ×HR was lower in group L at 1 min after extubation ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusions The topical anesthetic effects of CLC coated endotracheal tube could prevent cough and agitation during extubation in thyroidectomy under general anesthesia .

Objective To investigate the effect of lung protective and ventilatory management strategies for brain death donors on eligibility and availability of lungs for transplantation.Method The clinical data of two brain dead patients who accepted lung protective ventilatory management strategies from Feb.2015 to Mar.2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Two cases of brain-dead patients,due to severe cerebral trauma,accepted the aggressive lung protective ventilatory management strategies and airway management for 9 days and 4 days respectively.PaO2/FiO2,chest imaging manifestations,surface of the lung harvested and pulmonary rehabilitation of recipients after operation were observed.Result Two lung recipients were liberated from ventilation and pulmonary function improved significantly after double lung transplantation.Conclusion The application of lung protective ventilatory strategies in potential organ donors with brain death can increase the number of eligible and harvested lungs.

We studied the intradiscal pressure in order to understand the biophysics of the lumbar intervertebral disk. We evaluated the relationship between disk morphology and intradiscal pressure in 90 lumbar intervertebral disks of 64 patients. The intrinsic intradiscal pressure in the ruptured disks was much lower than that in the normal or bulging disk, but intrinsic intradiscal pressure alone did not correlate in a statistically significant way to the absence, or presence and/or type of disk herniation. The elastance of normal disks was statistically significantly higher than that of the protruded disk(p<0.05) ; however, the elastance of lumbar disk was not affected by type of disk protrusion. Factors affecting disk elastance were the degeneration and the integrity of the annulus fibrosus and the posterior longitudinal ligament. The authors experienced no complication during the procedure. The measurement of the intradiscal pressure to evaluated the biophysical function of lumbar intervertebral disks is only a simple and risk-free procedure. Also it is suggested that patients with bulging disks of high elastance may be treated by reducing intradiscal pressure with percutaneous procedures such as chemonucleolysis, and automated discectomy using Nucleotome.
Biophysics ; Diskectomy ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Chemolysis ; Intervertebral Disc* ; Longitudinal Ligaments

AIMTo avoid the limitation of the use of cationic polyethlenimine (PEI)-complexed plasmid DNA use for in vitro or in vivo gene delivery due to its cytotoxicity and lower efficiency in the presence of serum.

METHODSA polyplex with decreased positive charge on the complex surface was designed. The PEI/DNA (PD) complexes coated with an anionic biodegradable polymer, alginate were prepared and their gene delivery behavior with PD was compared.

RESULTSThe alginate-coated PD polyplex, where alginate : PEI : DNA [alginate : DNA, 0.15 (w/w); PEI : DNA, N : P = 10] showed about 10 - 30 fold-increased transfection efficiency compared to corresponding non-coated complexes to C3 cells in the presence of 50% serum. The surface charge of the alginate-coated complex was approximately half of that of the alginate-lacking complex. The size of alginate-coated complex was slightly smaller than that of the corresponding complex without alginate. The former complex also showed a reduced erythrocyte aggregation activity and decreased cytotoxicities to C3 cells in comparison with PD complex.

CONCLUSIONThe alginate-coated PD polyplexes as a new gene delivery system can improve transfection efficiency in high serum concentration with low cytotoxicity to C3 cells.

Alginates ; administration & dosage ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Line, Transformed ; Cell Survival ; Culture Media ; DNA ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; metabolism ; Erythrocyte Aggregation ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; metabolism ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genetic Vectors ; Glucuronic Acid ; administration & dosage ; metabolism ; Hexuronic Acids ; administration & dosage ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Plasmids ; Polyethyleneimine ; administration & dosage ; metabolism ; Serum ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence of HEV infection in population of non-remunerate blood donors in Shaoxing.

METHODSBlood specimens from 3701 non-remunerate blood donors were collected, ELISA were used to study anti-HEV IgG and IgM antibodies, RT-PCR were further used to study HEV RNA in samples from donors whose anti-HEV IgM was positive.

RESULTSAnti-HEV IgG positive rate was 29.19% (1107/3701), anti-HEV IgM positive rate was 1.35% (50/3701) among non-remunerate blood donors in Shaoxin. Six cases were positive for HEV RNA. The positive rate was 0.16% (6/3701), and all the 6 cases belonged to HEV genotype 1. Different seasons showed no interference on the positive rate of IgG and IgM.

CONCLUSIONThe detecting and studying of HEV infection among donors was important to ensure the safety of blood products and blood transfusion.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Blood Donors ; China ; epidemiology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Hepatitis E ; blood ; epidemiology ; virology ; Hepatitis E virus ; classification ; genetics ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Immunoglobulin M ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Viral ; blood ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effect of atorvastatin on blood lipid and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with hyperlipidemia and cerebral infarction.Methods 98 patients with hyperlipidemia and cerebral in-farction in our hospital from September 2014 to February 2017 were selected and divided into observation group(49 cases)and control group(49 cases)according to the random number table method.The control group was treated with conventional treatment,the observation group was treated with atorvastatin on the ba-sis of the control group.The two groups were treated for 4 weeks.The ADL score,NIHSS score,blood lipid index,carotid IM T and carotid plaque area were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results ADL score of the patients in the observation group after treatment higher was than the control group (t=12.7783,P<0.05),NIHSS score was lower than the control group(t=10.941,P<0.05);LDL-C,TC and TG levels after treatment in the observation group were than in the control group(t= 17.239,9.216, 9.800,P<0.05),while the HDL-C level was higher than the control group(t=7.683.P<0.05);the patients in the observation group were treated by carotid artery IM T and carotid plaque area was higher than that of the control group(t=8.919,6.344,P<0.05).Conclusion Atorvastatin can improve hyperlipidemia in pa-tients with cerebral infarction and carotid atherosclerosis,dyslipidemia,has the important research signifi-cance.

OBJECTIVESTo assess the clinic efficacy of treating chronic prostatitis by Neisseria gonorrhoeae with azithromycin aspartic-acid injection.

METHODSNineteen cases were treated with monotherapy and once-daily intravenous dosing of azithromycin injection. The effects and side-effects after treatment were observed.

RESULTSTwelve of nineteen cases were cured.

CONCLUSIONSA short term therapy with azithromycin injection for chronic prostatitis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae is very effective and easy to used and thus eliminate any problem of compliance.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Azithromycin ; therapeutic use ; Gonorrhea ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae ; Prostatitis ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score in the prognosis of patients with advanced diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods:A retrospective case series study was performed. The clinical data of 654 patients newly diagnosed with advanced DLBCL diagnosed in 7 medical centers in Huaihai Lymphoma Working Group from October 2009 to January 2022 were retrospectively collected. All the patients received rituximab-based immune chemotherapy regimens. The patients were randomly assigned to the training set (458 cases) and the validation set (196 cases) in a 7:3 ratio. The clinicopathological data of patients were collected, and the CONUT score was calculated based on albumin, lymphocyte count, and total cholesterol. The optimal critical value of CONUT scote was determined by using MaxStat method. Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw survival curves; Cox proportional hazards model was used to make univariate analysis and multivariate analysis on the factors influencing overall survival (OS). The efficacy of CONUT score in combination with the International prognostic index (IPI) and an enhanced IPI (NCCN-IPI) in predicting OS was evaluated by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results:The median follow-up time of 654 patients was 38.1 months (95% CI: 35.3 months- 40.9 months), and the 5-year OS rate was 49.2%. According to the MaxStat method, the optimal critical value for CONUT score was determined to be 6 points. All the patients were classified into the normal nutritional status group (CONUT score ≤ 6 points, 489 cases) and the poor nutritional status group (CONUT score > 6 points, 165 cases). The results of the multivariate analysis showed that CONUT score > 6 points, male, lactate dehydrogenase >240 U/L, high white blood cell count, low hemoglobin level and age > 60 years were independent risk factors for OS of patients with advanced DLBCL (all P < 0.05). Patients in the poor nutritional status group (CONUT score > 6 points) had worse OS compared with that in the normal nutritional status group in the overall cohort of advanced DLBCL. Subgroup analysis revealed that among patients with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-performance status (ECOG PS) score < 2 points, IPI low-intermediate risk, IPI intermediate-high risk, NCCN-IPI low-intermediate risk, and NCCN-IPI intermediate-high risk, the patients in the poor nutritional status group (CONUT score > 6 points) had worse OS compared with that in the normal nutritional status group (CONUT score ≤ 6 points) (all P < 0.05). Conclusions:CONUT score has a certain value in the assessment of the prognosis of patients with advanced DLBCL, and its predictive efficacy is further improved when combined with IPI and NCCN-IPI.