PURPOSE: In this study we evaluated the changes in tear film after primary pterygium operation in patients with pterygium. METHODS: We investigated 43 eyes of 42 subjects who showed successful results 3 months after pterygium operation performed by one surgeon. The changes in tear film thickness, tear break-up time (BUT), Schirmer I test, and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) were evaluated. All values were compared before and after surgery. RESULTS: The mean age was 58.0 +/- 11.1 years (34-81 years). Preoperative tear film thickness, tear BUT, and Schirmer I test in eyes which underwent pterygium operation were 21.53 +/- 5.93 microm, 4.84 +/- 2.21 seconds, and 11.67 +/- 6.75 mm, respectively. Three months after the operation, the respective values were 24.23 +/- 4.19 microm (p < 0.05), 5.81 +/- 1.89 seconds (p < 0.05), and 13.02 +/- 7.54 mm (p = 0.094). Tear film thickness and BUT score increased significantly after pterygium operation. There was no statistically significant difference in Schirmer I test, before and 3 months after pterygium operation. The subjective parameter (OSDI) improved 3 months after pterygium operation (p = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS: Pterygium operation can partially restore the tear film function into a normal state by improving tear film thickness and tear BUT after pterygium operation.
Humans ; Pterygium* ; Tears*

PURPOSE: To report a case of Pott's puffy tumor from a recurrent upper eyelid abscess. CASE SUMMARY: A 73-year-old male visited our clinic with recurrent upper eyelid abscess over the previous 3 months. The patient did not have any evidence of external injuries, systemic inflammations, or any other specific findings. The best corrected visual acuity was 0.9 in the right and 0.5 in the left eye with normal IOP. Enhanced CT revealed a focal low density mass (11.3 x 12.6 x 10 mm) with peripheral enhancement. An excisional biopsy was performed. Histopathologic examination revealed chronic inflammation and granulation tissue formation and the patient was diagnosed with Pott's puffy tumor. The patient experienced no discomfort after the excision biopsy. At the 14-month follow-up, there were no signs of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Although rare, Pott' puffy tumor should be considered in the differential diagnosis of upper eyelid mass.
Abscess ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Eye ; Eyelids ; Follow-Up Studies ; Granulation Tissue ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Male ; Pott Puffy Tumor ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Hemorrhage ; Hernia

Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is a degenerative myopathy characterized by mild, slowly progressing weakness, muscle atrophy, and early contracture of the neck, ankle and elbow. Heart involvement becomes apparent during the teenage years and is characterized by cardiac conduction defects and the infiltration of the myocardium by fibrous and adipose tissues. Heart block can eventually lead to sudden death, and therefore, early treatment with a cardiac pacemaker may improve symptoms and be lifesaving in patients with heart block. We describe our experience of pacemaker implantation in a 14-year old boy with X-linked recessive EDMD and emerin gene mutation. His electrocardiogram findings showed junctional escape beats, and his clinical features, i.e., ECG, nerve conduction test, electromyography and muscle biopsy findings were compatible with EDMD. He was implanted with a VVI type permanent pacemaker following an electrophysiologic study.
Adolescent ; Ankle ; Atrophy ; Biopsy ; Contracture ; Death, Sudden ; Elbow ; Electrocardiography ; Electromyography ; Heart ; Heart Block ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle Weakness ; Muscular Diseases ; Muscular Dystrophy, Emery-Dreifuss* ; Myocardium ; Neck ; Neural Conduction ; Pacemaker, Artificial ; United Nations

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of infrared thermography in the diagnosis of unilateral carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). METHOD: Thirty six patients confirmed electrodiagnostically as CTS and fifteen adults with normal electrodiagnostic study were included in this study. For the thermographic diagnosis, we measured the skin temperature of the palmar area of all 5 fingers, thenar area, hypothenar area and volar area of forearm bilaterally. We compared the interside peak temperature difference between median nerve innervated area and noninnervated area in three different groups (normal control, mild CTS and moderate to severe CTS groups). RESULTS: Thermography of the CTS patients showed significant temperature differences in more than one area of the median vasomotor nerve territory, and no significant temperature difference in all the areas that were not innervated by the median vasomotor nerve. When we considered interside temperature differences of more than 0.3 degrees C as abnormal findings, the sensitivity of thermography was 2.7% and the specificity was 86.6%. With more than 0.6 degrees C as abnormal, the sensitivity was 25% and the specificity was 66.6%. With more than 1.0 degrees C, the sensitivity was 8.3% and the specificity was 73.3%. There was no significant interside peak temperature difference in all groups. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that infrared thermography has low sensitivity and specificity, which implies that it is not useful for the diagnosis of CTS.
Adult ; Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ; Electrodiagnosis ; Fingers ; Forearm ; Humans ; Median Nerve ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Skin Temperature ; Thermography

The ingestion of foreign bodies into the gut is rather common. Most these foreign bodies are passed out spontaneously without complications. Our patient was hospitalized for fever, nausea and vomiting for one week. On the initial endoscopic examination, a toothpick was seen to be impacted in the wall of the duodenal bulb. Air bubbles were noted at the site where the toothpick was removed. The duodenal perforation was treated with endoscopic hemoclipping. Abdominal CT showed free air in the periduodenum and there was a liver abscess. Therefore, liver abscess associated with duodenal perforation by the toothpick was diagnosed. On the cytology of the aspirated materials from the liver abscess, sulfur granule formation was noted and hepatic actinomycosis was diagnosed. The liver abscess was successfully treated with CT-guided abscess drainage and antibiotics. We report here on an unusual case of a liver abscess associated with duodenal perforation by a toothpick, along with a review of the literature.
Abscess ; Actinomycosis ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Drainage ; Eating ; Fever ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Liver ; Liver Abscess ; Nausea ; Sulfur ; Vomiting

Henoch-Sch nlein purpura is a systemic small-vessel IgA dominant vasculitis involoving the capillaries, arterioles, or venules. It is characterized by the classic tetrad of abdominal pain, arthralgia, typical rash, and renal involvement, all of which can occur in any order and at any time over several days to weeks. The central nervous system and lungs may be involved. The gastrointestinal tract is involved in more than 50 percent of patients, manifested most commonly by abdominal pain and gastrointestinal bleeding. And rarely may occur intussusception, bowel nerosis, perforation and intramural hematoma of the duodenum. We report a case of intramural hematoma of the duodenum with Henoch-Sch nlein purpura in 48 year old female patient which was demostrated by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, abdominal CT scan, hypotonic duodenography and histologic finding of duodenal biopsy. She was treated with supportive care and improved rapidly without any serious gastrointestinal complications.
Abdominal Pain ; Arterioles ; Arthralgia ; Biopsy ; Capillaries ; Central Nervous System ; Duodenum ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Exanthema ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hematoma* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Intussusception ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Purpura* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vasculitis ; Venules

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome is a rare disorder that's characterized by multiple venous malformations of the skin and gastrointestinal tract, and these lesions usually cause episodes of occult gastrointestinal hemorrhage and iron deficiency anemia. We report here on a case of a 57-year-old woman who presented with intermittent melena and multiple cutaneous venous malformations. The endoscopic and radiologic examinations show multiple bluish polypoid venous malformations on the gastrointestinal tract, retroperitoneum, liver, mediastinum and lung. We were able to diagnose her as suffering from blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome and we treated her with iron supplementation for anemia. We report this case along with a brief review of the relevant literature.
Anemia ; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; Blister ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Iron ; Liver ; Lung ; Mediastinum ; Melena ; Middle Aged ; Nevus ; Nevus, Blue ; Rubber ; Skin ; Skin Neoplasms ; Stress, Psychological

According to recent studies, the immunogenetic factors are thought to be account for a part of the etiopathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disease. In Korea, there was one report on the relationship between HLA DR5, DR8, B13 and autoimmune thyroid disease. There were also several reports on a familial hereditary transmission of autoimmune thyroid disease in other countries but not in Korea. We describe the occurrence of autoimmune thyroid disease that affected three members of a family through three generations. This is the first report on familial hereditary transmission of autoimmune thyroid disease in Korea. We report on an 80-year-old woman who presented with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, her 53-year-old daughter who had Graves' disease, and her 29-year-old grand-daughter who had Graves' disease. In order to identify the immunogenetic influence in these cases, HLA haplotypes & thyroid autoantibody were studied. HLA DRB3*02 was obseved in each of the patents. HLA DQB1*0301, DR11, DQB1*05031 and DR14 were observed in the two cases. However, HLA B13, DR5 and DR8 were not observed. The patients are currently undergoing follow-up using PTU, methimazole and synthyroid medication.
Adult ; Aged, 80 and over ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Graves Disease ; Haplotypes ; HLA-B13 Antigen ; Humans ; Immunogenetics ; Korea ; Methimazole ; Middle Aged ; Nuclear Family ; Thyroid Diseases* ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroiditis

mutation at position 3,243 in the mtDNA-encoded tRNALeu (UUR) gene is associated with the syndrome of maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD). It is a rare form of diabetes first described in 1992 characterized by maternal relatives with an early middle-aged onset of diabetes, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, and a normal or low body mass index. A 37-year-old woman was admitted because of general weakness. She had diabetes mellitus (DM) and deafness. Her mother had DM, her second sister had DM and deafness, and her little brother had DM. The molecular genetic analysis identified the A3243G point mutation. In addition, rhabdomyolysis was diagnosed based on the initial laboratory findings and a whole-body bone scan. We report a case of MIDD with rhabdomyolysis due to a low carbohydrate intake and present it with a literature review.
Adult ; Body Mass Index ; Deafness ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; Humans ; Molecular Biology ; Mothers ; Point Mutation ; Rhabdomyolysis ; RNA, Transfer, Leu ; Siblings