This study was conducted to assess the positional changes of hyoid bone following the use of activator in Angles class III malocclusion patients with functional factors. For this study, 40 Angle's class I patients and 40 Angle's class III patients, totally 80 subjects were used. They are all in Hellman's dental age IIIB-IIIC ranges. In lateral cephalogram to compare Angle's class I group and Angle's class III group, and the positional changes of the hyoid bone before and after the use of activator in Angle's class III malocclusion group. The results were obtained as follows; 1. Comparison of Angle's class I group and Angle's class III group. In comparison to Angle's class I group, hyoid bone is more anteriorly and superiorly positioned in Angle's class III group. The hyoid bone showed reverse inclination to the mandibular plane in Angle's class III malocclusion group. 2. Comparison of the hyoid positional change before and after use of Activator in Angle's class III malocclusion group. The hyoid bone is displaced posteriorly and inferiorly in vertical relationship. The hyoid bone also showed counter-clockwise rotation. 3. No statistical difference was found between after Activator use data of Angle's class III malocclusion group and Angle's class I group. It is concluded that the hyoid bone in Angle's class III malocclusion group changed its position, similar to Angle's class I malocclusion group.
Humans ; Hyoid Bone* ; Malocclusion*

No abstract available in English.
Osteotomy

BACKGROUND: Rosacea is a chronic skin disease which primarily affects the face. There have been many basic and clinical studies on rosacea in the West, but little in Korea. OBJECTIVE: This study was to investigate clinical features of rosacea in Korea and to compare them with those in the West. METHODS: During a 20-month period, 67 patients diagnosed as having rosacea were examined for their clinical presentations by means of personal interview. RESULTS: Erythema and telangiectasia were found in almost all of the 67 patients. Comparing with the results in the West, flushing and telangiectasia were more common whereas papules, pustules, and rhinophyma were less common with no case of ocular complaints or migraine. CONCLUSION: Because early detection and treatment is necessary to prevent the progression of rosacea, it is important to realize that rosacea is not uncommon in Korea and to recognize its somewhat different clinical manifestations from those in the West.
Erythema ; Flushing ; Humans ; Korea ; Migraine Disorders ; Rhinophyma ; Rosacea* ; Skin Diseases ; Telangiectasis

No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Follow-Up Studies*

BACKGROUND: Obese postmenopausal women usually have a tend to have greater bone mineral density than lean women. This has been attributed to either the mechanical effects of their excessive weight on bone tissue or to their high body fat content. A recent study demonstrated that leptin, the hormone produced in adipocytes, acts on bone metabolism. These findings have prompted speculations on the possible role of leptin in the protective effect of obesity on bone. METHEODS: We studied the relationship between serum leptin levels and quantitative ultrasound (QUS) values of calcaneus in 94 postmenopausal Korean women who were randomly selected from the population of the Chung-Up osteoporosis prevalence study. QUS values, broadband ultrasound attenuation and speed of sound; were measured at the calcaneus. RESULTS: Leptin values were strongly correlated with body mass index (r = 0.478, p< 0.001), confirming a positive relationship between leptin levels and fat mass. In contrast, no significant correlations were observed between serum leptin levels and calcaneal QUS values. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that circulating plasma leptin does not have a significant influence on QUS values of calcaneus in Korean postmenopausal women.
Adipocytes ; Adipose Tissue ; Body Mass Index ; Bone and Bones ; Bone Density ; Calcaneus* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Jeollabuk-do* ; Leptin* ; Metabolism ; Obesity ; Osteoporosis ; Plasma ; Ultrasonography*

Bouveret's syndrome is a gastric outlet obstruction caused by an impacted gallstone that passes through a cholecysto-gastric or cholecysto-duodenal fistula. An elderly woman visited a local clinic with nausea and abdominal pain. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a stone that was impacted in the duodenal lumen and a fistula between the gallbladder and duodenum. Malignancy could not be excluded due to the mass in the cystic duct showing enhancement and the presence of enlarged lymph nodes on computed tomography, and increased fludeoxyglucose uptake in the cystic duct on positron emission tomography. The patient underwent simultaneous cholecystectomy, segmental duodenectomy and gastro-jejunostomy. Pathological examination exhibited chronic inflammation and no primary cancer of the gallbladder and fistula.
Abdominal Pain ; Aged ; Cholecystectomy ; Cystic Duct ; Duodenum ; Female ; Fistula ; Gallbladder ; Gallbladder Neoplasms ; Gallstones ; Gastric Outlet Obstruction ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Lymph Nodes ; Nausea ; Positron-Emission Tomography

Splenic metastasis from gynecologic tumors is extremely rare, especially in the absence of apparent disease at other sites. We report two patients that underwent splenectomy for a solitary splenic metastasis from uterine cervical carcinoma. In case 1, a 54-year-old woman with FIGO Stage IIb squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy developed a solitary splenic metastasis 10 months after initial treatment. In case 2, a 46-year-old woman with FIGO Stage IIb adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy was found to have a solitary splenic metastasis 11 months after treatment. Thus all abdominal organs including the spleen must be evaluated for metastases during follow-up of gynecologic tumors.
Female ; Humans ; Adenocarcinoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis

BACKGROUND/AIMS: We evaluated the independent prognostic factors for overall and disease-free survival in the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma. METHODS: Sixty-seven medical records were retrospectively reviewed. All the patients had presented with localized soft tissue sarcoma and had been treated with conservative surgery, followed by additional therapy or surgery. All were treated at the Yeungnam University Hospital between January 2000 and December 2006. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate factors affecting overall and disease-free survival. RESULTS: The median age of the study sample was 50 (range, 15~70) years. Twenty patients (30%) had liposarcoma and nine (13%) had leiomyosarcoma. Seventeen patients (25%) had a tumor measuring greater than 10 cm. Nineteen patients (28%) had positive resection margins. The median overall survival was 62.7 months (95% CI: 25.7~99.4) and the median disease-free survival was 36.1 months (95% CI: 17.9~54.2). Factors that significantly affected the median overall survival were a tumor size greater than 10 cm and performance status. Positive resection margins and tumor site were independent prognostic factors associated with diseasefree survival. Other factors, such as histopathology, gender, age, and tumor grade, did not have prognostic value. Additionally, the chosen modality of treatment after surgery was not an independent predictor of the median overall or disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: Tumor size, positive resection margins, tumor site, and performance status were statistically significant independent predictors of poor prognosis.
Disease-Free Survival ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma ; Liposarcoma ; Medical Records ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Sarcoma

Combined liver-kidney transplantation has gained increasing popularity and applied for the patient with end-stage liver and kidney disease. There are some controversies about the sequence of transplantation. In general, the liver allograft is temporary placed before the kidney allograft. This method may provide some immunologic advantages that liver allograft may protect concomitantly transplantated kidney from rejection. In our opinion, kidney-liver sequence may provide several benefits in hemodynamic stability, safer monitoring and planned fluid replacement by urine flow assessment. Combined liver-kidney transplantation requires only conventional immunosuppressive drug dosage as in kidney transplantation alone. And combined liver-kidney transplantation can be performed with acceptable morbidity and mortality, and have exellent long term result. We present two cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation performed by kidney- liver sequence for complex end organ failure.
Allografts ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; Kidney Transplantation ; Kidney* ; Liver* ; Living Donors* ; Mortality

The ischemic preconditioning was initially identified as a protective maneuver induced by brief periods of ischemia followed by reperfusion. Although ischemic preconditioning can reduce ischemic injury of heart, skeletal muscle and neuronal tissue, it's protective mechanism remains elusive. Recently, several investigations suggest the associations of nitric oxide with protection from ischemic injury. Nitric oxide synthesized by a member of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) family has been known to increase or decrease the ischemic injury. The purpose of this study was to observe the expression patterns of NOS 1, NOS 2 and NOS 3 in the rat skeletal muscle after cyclic episodes of short ischemia and reperfusion. Nine and thirty-five weeks-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control and cyclic short ischemia and reperfusion groups. The experimental group was further divided into 3 groups based on cycles of short ischemia and reperfusion. For cyclic short ischemia and reperfusion, left commom iliac artery was occluded 3, 6 and 10 times for 5 minutes ischemia followed by 5 minutes reperfusion using rodent vascular clamps. The animals were sacrificed at hours 0, 3, 6, 24 and 72 after reperfusion and the left rectus femoris muscles were removed. The expression profiles and distribution of NOS 1, NOS 2 and NOS 3 were examined with immunohistochemical staining. The results were as follows; In the cyclic of short ischemia and reperfusion groups, the mortality was increased with increasing of cyclic episodes at 72 hours after reperfusion, and aging. In the control group, NOS 1, NOS 2 and NOS 3 immunoreactivities showed no differenes with aging. In the 9 weeks-old rats, NOS 1 immunoreactivities were observed moderate at 24 hours after 6 times of short ischemia and reperfusion, and moderate and strong at 24 hours after 10 times of short ischemia and reperfusion. In the 35 weeks-old rats, NOS 1 immunoreactivities were observed trace or mild at 24 hours after 6 and 10 times of short ischemia and reperfusion. At 3 hours after 3 times of short ischemia and reperfusion, NOS 2 immunoreactivities were observed moderate or strong, and trace in the 9 and 35 weeks-old rats, respectively. At 3 hours after 10 times of short ischemia and reperfusion, NOS 3 immunoreactivities were observed mild or moderate, and trace or negative in the 9 and 35 weeks-old rats, respectively. In summary, the expression profile of NOS 1, NOS 2 and NOS 3 were observed differently with increasing episodes of short ischemia and reperfusion. The alteration was the most prominent in NOS 3 than in NOS 1 and NOS 2. These results suggest that the alteration of NOS 3 known to protect tissue against ischemic injury may be associated with increasing mortality after multiple episodes of short ischemia and reperfusion.
Aging ; Animals ; Heart ; Humans ; Iliac Artery ; Ischemia* ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; Male ; Mortality ; Muscle, Skeletal* ; Muscles ; Neurons ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Nitric Oxide* ; Quadriceps Muscle ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion* ; Rodentia