OBJECTIVES: REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) has received little attention in epidemiologic studies. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of probable REM sleep behavior disorder (pRBD) in the elderly population and its clinical features. METHODS: A random sample of 1,588 was selected from a roster of 14,050 elderly population living in Osan city. The subjects were asked to fill out the REM sleep behavior disorder screening questionnaire (RBDSQ). Subjects whose score were 5 or higher on RBDSQ underwent a diagnostic phase of person-to-person assessment by experts in RBD. RESULTS: Among 1,588 subjects, 886 elderly subjects participated in the screening phase and 123 subjects were assessed in the diagnostic phase. Eleven subjects were diagnosed as having pRBD, so prevalence was 1.5% (95% CI=0.70-2.30%). The frequency of depression and cognitive decline was significantly increased in patients with pRBD compared to subjects without pRBD, and there was no difference in sleep disturbances between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Probable REM sleep behavior disorder is not rare in the elderly but frequently under-recognized. More attention should be paid to evaluation and treatment of RBD.
Aged ; Depression ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder ; Sleep, REM

No abstract available.
Female ; Magnesium Sulfate* ; Magnesium* ; Obstetric Labor, Premature* ; Pregnancy ; Ritodrine*

No abstract available.
Pre-Eclampsia* ; Proteinuria*

A clinical observation was made on 143 cases of Intrascrotally impalpable testis seen in Department of Urology, Han Yang University Hospital during the period from May, 1972 to June, 1983. The following results were obtained. 1. Patient`s ranged in age from 10 months to 42 yrs. age. and only 33 cases (23.1%) visited our hospital under 4 yrs. age. 2. 105 cases(75.3%)had unil. involvement & right side was more frequently affected. Bilaterality was noted 34 cases(23.7%). 3. Among 177 exploration, most popular type was prepubic in 71 testes(40.1%) and also 4 cases of anarchism & vanished testis were noted. 4. Chromosomal study was done on 4 cases and all cases yielded 46XY, cytogenetically normal man. 5. Inguinal hernia sac was found in 151 cases(87.2%). 6. Semen analysis was performed on 7 post-pubertal cases and all 3 cases of bil. intrascrotally impalpable testis revealed azoospermia. 7. Pathologic findings of 13 cases were evaluated on the basis of presence of spermatogonia, spermatogenic activity, atrophy of seminiferous tubules, interstitial fibrosis, thickening of B. M. 8. Orchiopexy was performed on 166 cases(93.7%), orchiectomy on 7 cases(4%) and open & closure on 4 cases(2.3%). 9. 2 cases of wound infection & 1 case of testicular atrophy with necrosis was noted.
Atrophy ; Azoospermia ; Fibrosis ; Hernia, Inguinal ; Necrosis ; Orchiectomy ; Orchiopexy ; Semen Analysis ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Spermatogonia ; Testis* ; Urology ; Wound Infection

PURPOSE: After 16 weeks of gestational age, amniotic fluid is mainly consisted fetal urine. There is a close correlation between oligohydramnios associated with urinary tract anomaly and pulmonary development. Therefore, fetuses with oligohydramnios starting in the second trimester are considered to have uniformly fatal outcomes. We try to survey clinical characteristics of fetuses with oligohydramnios on autopsy and to find the need of perinatal management in fetuses with urinary tract anomaly and oligohydramnios which is occurred since second trimester. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analysed gestational age at presentation, maternal age, causes of oligohydramnios, external physical examination, prenatal sonographic findings, underlying urologic anomalies, associated anomalies of other organs and ultimate outcomes in eighteen fetuses with oligohydramnios among 301 autopsy fetuses from 1986 to 1991. RESULTS: It occurred predominantly in male as a ratio of 2.6:1 Gestational age of fetuses at presentation ranged from 21 to 47 weeks(average: 32.6) and maternal age from 20 to 33 years(average: 28.3). Causes of oligohydramnios in 18 fetuses ware fetal renal anomalies with intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR)(6), fetal renal anomalies(3), fetal death in uterine(3), urinary tract obstruction with IUGR(2) et al Inaccuracy rate between prenatal sonographic findings and autopsy findings was 53.8%, 0% in fetuses with urologic anomalies and with non-urologic anomalies, respectively. Underlying urinary tract anomalies consisted of bilateral renal dysplasia(4), posterior urethral valves(2), bilateral renal agenesis(1), bilateral renal hypoplasia(1), unilateral renal dysplasia and contralateral renal hypoplasia(1), infantile polycyctic kidney(1) et al. The most frequent anomaly of other organ was respiratory system anomalies, especially pulmonary hypoplasia. The prognosis in our cases with oligohydramnios was dismal as much as all fetuses except one, still birth, died of respiratory failure at perinatal periods. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these experiences we have the policy to induce delivery and early perinatal management in cases with second or third trimester onset of severe oligohydramnics with urinary tract abnormalites.
Amniotic Fluid ; Autopsy* ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Fetal Death ; Fetus* ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Male ; Maternal Age ; Oligohydramnios* ; Parturition ; Physical Examination ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Prognosis ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Respiratory System ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Tract

We report a 72-year-old female patient with spontaneous rupture of the left external iliac vein. She visited our hospital for abdominal and back pain. She had the abnormal finding of hemoperitoneum. We performed an emergency operation with diagnosis of left ovarian cyst rupture though she suffered from spontaneous rupture of the left external iliac vein. This case provides insight to the experience of spontaneous rupture of the left external iliac vein.
Aged ; Back Pain ; Emergencies ; Female ; Hemoperitoneum ; Humans ; Iliac Vein ; Ovarian Cysts ; Rupture ; Rupture, Spontaneous

PURPOSE: Telomeres define the natural ends of linear chromosomes and their sequence organization is highly conserved in the majority of eukaryotes. Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein involved in maintaining telomere length in stem cells and immortal and actively dividing cells. If there lacks telomerase in cell, length of telomere will be shortened, and results in cell death. We investigated the changes of telomerase activity in the developmental stages of rat urinary system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Organs(kidney, ureter and bladder) were aseptically removed from Sprague-Dawley rats of fetal(17-day-gestation), growing(1, 2, 3, 4, and 6-week-old) and adult period(12-week-old). Samples for telomerase activity were frozen on liquid nitrogen immediately after sacrifice, and stored until the use at -750C for measurement of telomerase activity. Telomerase activity was measured by a PCR-based telomeric repeat amplification protocol(TRAP) assay. Telomerase activity was quantitated with a phosphoimager(GS525 Molecular Imager System, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, California, USA). RESULTS: Telomerase activities in the kidney were highly expressed at the fetal period, however they were significantly decreased since 1week after birth and maintained weakly until adult period. Telomerase activities of the bladder and ureter showed active expression throughtout whole life. When comparing the telomerase activities of the ureter and bladder to those of the kidney, the ureter and bladder showed higher acitivities than the kidney throughtout whole life except fetal period. CONCLUSIONS: There may be a developmental and tissue-specific regulation of telomerase in the urinary system of rat and an active mechanism for maintaining telomeres in the ureter and bladder after birth.
Adult ; Animals ; California ; Cell Death ; Eukaryota ; Humans ; Kidney ; Nitrogen ; Parturition ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Ribonucleoproteins ; Stem Cells ; Telomerase* ; Telomere ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder

No abstract available.
Endometriosis* ; Female ; Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Psoriasis

Pneumococcus is a very important pathogen for children and elderly people, and causes considerable morbidity and mortality in these groups. Pneumococcal vaccination is relatively safe, and is being increasingly used for the prevention of pneumococcal disease, such as meningitis, pneumonia, otitis media, and bacteremia. Mild adverse reactions of pneumococcal vaccination are relatively common, and include erythema, pain, fever, myalgia, and headaches. However, adverse skin reactions are very rare. Here, we present a case of pneumococcal vaccination-induced localized toxic reaction mimicking fixed drug eruption on a nearby vaccination injection site in an infant, which has not previously been documented in Korea.
Aged ; Bacteremia ; Child ; Drug Eruptions* ; Erythema ; Fever ; Headache ; Humans ; Infant* ; Korea ; Meningitis ; Mortality ; Myalgia ; Otitis Media ; Pneumonia ; Skin ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Vaccination*