Mandibular condylar fracture is common in mandibular fractures. Unlike other facial, skeletal fractures, most of mandibular condylar neck or head fractures are treated with closed reduction and subsequent functional therapy is essential for preventing complications including ankylosis, arthrosis and growth disturbance. From January, 2000 to September, 2002, we have treated 15 cases of mandibular condylar fractures with closed reduction by using functional appliance with bite block. Among these cases, we report a case of 14-year-old female with mandibular condylar neck fracture, resulted in good clinical and radiographic progress.
Adolescent ; Ankylosis ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Mandibular Fractures ; Neck

Enlargement of the gingival caused by phenytoin. An anticonvulsant used in the treatment of epilepsy, occurs in some of the patients receiving the drug. Its incidence varies from 3 to 62 percent, with the greater frequencies in younger patients. The hyperplasia is usually generalized throughout the mouth, but is more severe tendency in the maxillary and mandibular anterior regions. 18 year old male patient was admitted to our Department of Dentistry with the complaint of generalized painless gingival swelling. After the consult of the N.M. and laboratory study, the gingivectomy and gingivoplasty was performed. The periodontal pack and tin foil was applied on the attached gingival to protect a surgical site and bleeding control. We obtained a good result of improved esthetics and function.
Dentistry ; Epilepsy ; Esthetics ; Gingival Hyperplasia* ; Gingivectomy ; Gingivoplasty ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Incidence ; Male ; Mouth ; Phenytoin* ; Tin

An analysis and CT findings in 21 adult patients of spontaneous intracerebral hematoma(SICH) mixed with CSF who were admitted to the Fatima Hospital from December 1986 to May 1989. The following results were obtained; 1) We could differentiated SICH that have inhomogenous density and thought that it is composed of blood, CSF and blood-CSF mixture. 2) Previously reported pathways that intracerebral hematoma rupture into the ventricle are caudate nucleus and thalamus but intracerebral hematoma can be mixed with CSF through the subarachnoid space of Sylvian fissure as an another route. 3) Intracerebral hematoma mixed with CSF was removed easily, safely and enoughly with simple aspiration method as like resoluted hematoma in subacute or chronic phase. 4) The prognosis of patients with SICH mixed with CSF was very good unlike to that of patients with pure intracerebral hematoma and/or ventricular hemorrhage.
Adult ; Caudate Nucleus ; Hematoma* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Rupture ; Subarachnoid Space ; Thalamus

A 25 year and 7 month old man patient who had Angle's class II division 2 malocclusion combined with anterior crowding of upper & lower part was treated by bioprogressive mechanism. After setting out objectives through the use of V. T. O., we programmed a sequence of mechanic. The possible objectives of treatment in the class II division 2 malocclusion can be listed as follows. 1) Relief of crowding & irregularities. 2) Relief of anterior gingival trauma & correction of interincisal inclination. 3) Correction of buccal segment relationship We'd applied the class II intermaxillary elastics, Quad helix, utility arch wire and sectional arch wire in order to achieve anticipated objectives. As compared with pre & post treatment cephalogram, the result accomplished by this mechanics showed to us that interincisal angle was improved and favorable molar relationship was achieved.
Crowding ; Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabine, Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Drug Combination ; Humans ; Malocclusion* ; Mechanics ; Molar

Laparoscopic surgery is rapidly evolving with technological advances, but there are several drawbacks. An articulating device, with freedom of a perfect 360°, is attractive as a solution to overcome the restriction of instrument movement caused by straight tools. Its usefulness or efficacy should be supported by relevant scientific evidence. However, it is sometimes difficult to prove it because the factors influencing the surgical outcomes are complex and closely related to each other.

BACKGROUND: Immediate implant placement has become an acceptable treatment for the edentulous area. The advantages of the immediate implant placement include considerable decrease in time from tooth extraction to placement of the finial prosthesis, fewer surgical procedures, and better acceptance of the overall treatment plans. But the success is dependent on the quantity and quality of the extraction socket. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the success of the immediate implant placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-one sites in 16 patients were selected for the evaluation of the immediate implant placement. All of the cases were followed using clinical and radiographic examinations. Criteria of success were the absence of peri-implant radiolucency, mobility, and persistent pain or sign of infection. RESULTS: Of the 21 implants, 13 implants have been succeeded. Of the 13 implants, 10 implants were replaced for the periodontal disease and 3 implants were replaced for the trauma. CONCLUSION: The criteria of the success in immediate implant placement are as follows. 1) Implants placed into fresh extraction sockets have a high rate of survival. 2) Implant should be placed as close as possible to the alveolar crest. 3) Implant placed into available bone beyond the apex have a high success rate.
Humans ; Periodontal Diseases ; Prostheses and Implants ; Tooth Extraction* ; Tooth*

No abstract available.

Urokinase use after stereotaxic evacuation of hematoma became a popular method in treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hematoma. We obtained excellent result in evacuaIon of the hematoma which was remained after stereotaxic evacuation or direct approach for 24 raumatic intracerebral hematoma cases. And we found several advantages in this method compared with standard treatment modalities. We think that this is a new, effective treatment method for traumatic intracerebral hematoma.
Hematoma* ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator*

The biopsy and cyst aspiration of central nervous lesions by computerized tomography(CT) scan has become a popular method. Authors can simply make a needle placement in deep intracranial hematomas, brain abscesses and cystic tumors by using U-loop with CT guided external markers. Our method is believed to deserve reporting in that it is easy, safe and less expensive.
Biopsy ; Brain Abscess ; Hematoma ; Needles* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is known to be a potent modulator of many host immune functions and the exposure of experimental animals to the inflammatory effects of UVR induces depressions in their ability to initiate and effectuate various types of cellular immune responses. In this study, the effects of UV-B (280 320 nm) radiation on resistance to a facultative intracellular bacterium, Listeria monocytogenes (LM), were examined at the cellular level. The numbers of cultivable LM recovered from the spleens of UV-B-irradiated mice were decreased at 2 days postinfection compared with those of untreated control mice. However, the acquired immunity, developed 7 days after immunization with streptomycin (SM)-sensitive LM, in either UV-irradiated, LPS- or IL-1-pretreated mice was less stronger than that developed in untreated, control mice. To elucidate the possible mechanisms underlying the observation that UVR did increase innate immunity but decreased acquired immunity of mice to the infection with LM, the effects of UVR of mice on the production of IFN-r by activated splenocytes and TNF-a by peritoneal macrophages were assessed. Activated splenocytes from UV-irradiated mice exhibited a reduced capacity to produce IFN-r and cultured peritoneal macrophages produced more TNF-a in the presence of LPS during 24 hours after UV radiation. Though TNF-r activity was not detected in the sera of LM-infected mice, intravenous LPS injection induced TNF-r production and UVR decreased TNF activity in sera obtained from LM-infected mice with LPS induction 9 days after irradiation. Although Ia-negative macrophages were predominant in the peritoneal macrophages from untreated control mice, the infection of mice with LM caused a marked increase in Ia expression on peritoneal macrophages. However, UVR resulted in decreased expression of Ia molecule on the peritoneal macrophages during the LM infection. These findings suggest that the dual effects of UVR on the innate and acquired immunity of mice to the LM infection may be associated with altered capacities of splenocytes and peritoneal macrophages of the mice to produce cytokines, in addition to decrease of la molecule expression on the macrophages.
Adaptive Immunity ; Animals ; Cytokines ; Depression ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunity, Innate ; Immunization ; Listeria monocytogenes* ; Listeria* ; Macrophages ; Macrophages, Peritoneal ; Mice* ; Spleen ; Streptomycin ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*