No abstract available.
Hypertrophy*

In order to observe the effects of various click polarity and stimulus rate on brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs), we measured the absolute latency, interwave latency and amplitude. Variations of IV-V wave complex in different stimulus rate and polarity were also observed. Observations were made on 50 normal subjects(32 males and 18 females) aged 8 to 56. The results are summarized as follows, 1. With rarefaction click stimulation, the absolute latencies of wave I and wave V were shortest, and wave I and wave III amplitudes were most increased as compared with condensation or alternating-polarity. 2. The absolute latencies of wave I and wave V were most prolonged and wave V amplitude was highest with condensation clicks. 3. I - III, III -V and I - V interwave latencies were not significantly changed between any of polarities. 4. By increasing stimulus rate from 10 click / sec to 50 click / sec, absolute and interwave latencies were significantly prolonged. Except wave V amplitude at condensation and alter-nating-polarity clicks, all wave amplitudes were decreased significantly. 5. The waveforms were classified into 5 types according to configuration of IV - V wave complex. At any conditions, type A and B were present most frequently. We proposed that if one is to employ only a single stimulus polarity, rarefaction clicks should be used because this will produce the earliest and largest wave I. Condensation can be used in those cases in whom rarefaction does not produce clar waveforms, or when wave V appears absent. The use of alternating-polarity clicks as the only mode of stimulation is discouraged because of the possibility of phase cancellations.
Brain Stem* ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem* ; Humans ; Male

No abstract available.
Kinetics* ; Wrist*

A clinical study was made on 14 cases of coronary sinus rhythm and 17 cases of left atrial rhythm seen at the Kyungpook University Hospital during the past 13 years. The incidence of coronary sinus rhythm among 23, 137 electrocardiograms was 0.07% and that of left atrial rhythm was 0.08%. Among the various types of left atrial rhythm as diagnosed by Mirowski's criteria, type III, posterior type and inferior type were far more common than others. The most common underlying diseases were heart diseases in both coronary sinus rhythm and left atrial rhythm: five cases out of 14 in the former and 11 cases out of 17 in the latter were cardiac cases, respectively.
Coronary Sinus* ; Electrocardiography ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Heart Diseases ; Incidence

It is essential to define the mechanical and morphological characteristics of bone in undrestanding the mechanism and treatment of fractrues of bone. We already reported the results of bending study in 1983 and tension study in 1987 to assess the mechanical and morphological changes of bone according to the growth. Following these studies, we performed torsion study on growing long bone to have better understanding of the characteristics of bone. In order to assess the mechanical and morphological properties of fracture of growing bone by torsion, we divided 100 Newzealand white rabbits(40 1-month-old rabbits, 20 3-months old rabbits and 40 5-months-old rabbits) into 6 experimental groups according to their maturity and side : Group 1(right femur of 1 month old), Group 2( left femur of 1 month old), Group 3(right femur of 3 months old), Group 4(left femur of 3 months old), Group 5(right femur of 5 months old), Group 6(left femur of 5 months old). Each group of femora were loaded in torsion with varing distance and the following results were obtained: 1. Fracture shapes were composed of the spiral component and the vertical component which connected the two ends of the spiral component. 2. Younger bones revealed greater deformation angle and apex angle but less obliquity than older bones. 3. When the gap between the grips were lengthened three times, there was a very signi ficant increase of deformation angle and obliquity but apex angle was decreased and the fracture angle showed little change. 4. It was necessary to measure the apex angle and obliquity in the morphological description of fractures by torsion. 5. We observed when a certain degree of angular deformity was applied on a bone at a certain age, the fracture was occured through the tension failure regardless of types of loading forces.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Femur ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Rabbits

A clinical study was done on 161 patients (male 94, female 67) with the first onset of seizure over the age of 16 who were admitted to Keimyung University Hospital from 1979 to 1983 in order to analyze the causative factors, the age distribution at onset, the seizure pattern and E.E.G. findings. The results were summarized as follows. 1. The etiological factors of 161 seizure patients revealed metabolic encephalophaties 75 cases (46.6%), cerebrovascular disease 26 cases (16.2%), unknown cause 21 cases (13%), CNS infectious disease 17 cases (10.6%), posttraumatic seizure 12 cases (7.5%), brain tumor proved by brain biopsy 8 (5%) and hysteric seizure 2 cases in order of frequency. 2. Among the 75 cases of metabolic encephalopathies, the most common cause was drug intoxication (34 cases), followed by alcohol withdrawal seizure (21 cases), water intoxication (5 cases), uremia and hypocalcemia (4cases respectively), hepatic encephalopathies (3 cases) and then hypoglycemia and anoxia (2 cases respectively) in order of frequency. Among the 26 cases of cerebrovascular disease, spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage was presented in 9 cases, intracerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction in 7 cases respectively and arteriovenous malformation in 3 cases. Among the 17 cases of CNS infectious diseae, meningitis was presented in 9 cases, Japanese B encephalitis in 3 cases, paragonimiasis in 2 cases, and then cerebral cysticercosis, tuberculoma, and focal cerebritis in 1 case respectively. Among the 8 cases of brain tumor, meningioma was presented in 5 cases, oligodendroglioma, glioblastoma multiforme and epidermoid cyst in 1 case respectively. 3. The mean age at the onset of each causes of seizure revealed metabolic encephalopathies 38 yrs. CNS infectious disease 33 yrs, posttraumatic seizure 34 yrs, arteriovenous malformation 23 yrs, brain tumor 42 yrs, and cerebrovascular disease 54 yrs. 4. The most frequent seizure pattern of 161 patients was the generalized seizure in 126 cases (78.3%) followed by the partial elementary seizure in 29 case and the partial seizure with secondary generalization in 6 cases. The incidence of partial seizure was slightly higher than the generalized seizure in brain tumor and CNS infectious disease. 5. There were no correlation between the E.E.G. degree and causative factors of seizure.
Adult* ; Age Distribution ; Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures ; Anoxia ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Biopsy ; Brain ; Brain Diseases, Metabolic ; Brain Neoplasms ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Cerebral Infarction ; Communicable Diseases ; Cysticercosis ; Encephalitis, Japanese ; Epidermal Cyst ; Female ; Generalization (Psychology) ; Glioblastoma ; Hepatic Encephalopathy ; Humans ; Hypocalcemia ; Hypoglycemia ; Incidence ; Meningioma ; Meningitis ; Oligodendroglioma ; Paragonimiasis ; Seizures* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Tuberculoma ; Uremia ; Water Intoxication

A clinical study was done on 16 cases of cerebellar hemorrhage and 3 cases of cerebellar infarction which were diagnosed with brain CT scan at Keimyung university Dongsan hospital from July 1981 to June 1985 and conclusions obtained are as follows. 1. The incidence of cerebellar hemorrhage and infarction was 3.5% and 0.6% of all spontaneous intracranial parenchymal hemorrhage and infarction, respectively. 2. The most prevalent age group was 7th decade and sex ratio was higher in male in cerebellar stroke. 3. Major single percipitating factor of cerebellar stroke was hypertension. 4. Most of cerebellar stroke showed catastrophic or sudden onset type. 5. The most common initial symptoms of cerebellar stroke were nausea and vomiting, followed by headache and dizziness or vertigo, in order of frequency. 6. The most common neurologic signs on admission were impaired consciousness, constricted pupil with preserved light reflex and cerebellar signs. 7. The common site of cerebellar hemorrhage was right hemisphere, followed by vermis and left hemisphere, in order of frequency, and that of cerebellar infarction was right posterior hemisphere. 8. The better the consciousness on admission, the better the outcome of cerebellar stroke. 9. The following parameters indicated good prognosis with medical therapy, so called benign cerebellar hemorrhage: clear consciousness on admission, gradual onset type, less than 20cc of hematoma, no or mild hydrocephalus, no ventricular hematoma, no vermis involvement on CT scan.
Brain ; Consciousness ; Dizziness ; Headache ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Infarction ; Male ; Miosis ; Nausea ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Prognosis ; Reflex ; Sex Ratio ; Stroke ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vertigo ; Vomiting

A case is reported ofsystemic toxicity by topically applied podophyllin. The patient was a 18-year-old girl who was treated at private gynecological clinic with 25% podophyllin resin for multiple vulval condyloma acuminata. Her apparent podophyllin toxicity begun 4 hours after topical application, presenting gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal distension, followed by tingling sensation on hands and feet with motor weakness predominantly of distal limbs. She had never experienced disturbance of consciousness or other CNS symptoms. The symptoms of severe peripheral neuropathy had been improved by 72 days followup when she had mild impairement of vibration and position sense and mild dorsiflexion weakness of the feet.
Adolescent ; Consciousness ; Diarrhea ; Extremities ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Nausea ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Podophyllin ; Podophyllum* ; Polyneuropathies* ; Proprioception ; Sensation ; Vibration ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Child* ; Glomerulonephritis* ; Humans

Niopam is a newer, nonionic, watersoluble contrast medium used predominately in cisternographic and myelographic studies with metrizamide lately. The former has fewer, less severe and shorter adverse reactions than the latter. Until now there were no reports on meningitis complicating Niopam CT cisternography or myelography. Now we present a case of aseptic purulent meningitis complicating Niopam CT cisternography.
Iopamidol* ; Meningitis* ; Metrizamide ; Myelography