PURPOSE: To evaluate the MR appearance of the accessory hepatic veins. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 87 consecutive patients for whom abdominal MR images were obtained. The subjects who had liver lesion or hepatic vascular abnormalities were excluded. Couinaud classified accessory hepatic veins into inferior and middle right hepatic veins. Our major interests were evaluation of the incidence, morphology, and location of the accessory hepatic vein. RESULTS: Inferior right hepatic vein was demonstrated in 43 out of 87 patients(49%). The morphology was linear in 35 patients(80.5%), and V-shaped in 8 patients(19.5%). In 40 patients(93%), the inferior right hepatic vein was located in the posteroinferior aspect of the right lobe. Middle right hepatic vein was demonstrated in 7 out of 87 patients(8%). All were single linear in morphology, combined with the inferior right hepatic vein, and located between the right hepatic vein and inferior right hepatic vein. CONCLUSION: The accessory hepatic vein was demonstrated in 49% among the Korean adult population, and was located in posteroinferior portion of the liver, in 93%.
Adult ; Hepatic Veins* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging*

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the selective deficits of executive function in patients with mild traumatic brain injury that in normal range of general intelligence level and aimed to analysis of the correlation between K-WAIS result and executive function. METHODS: 59 subjects were included in this study, who were diagnosed as mild traumatic brain injury(MTBI) and they have visited in neuropsychiatric department of Wonkwang University Hospital during from March, 2005 to September, 2010. For measurement of general intelligence quotient, the Korean-Wechsler Adults Intelligence Scale(K-WAIS) was administered and for measurement of executive intelligence quotient(EIQ), Executive Intelligence Test(EXIT) was administered. RESULTS: Of patients, 50.8% included at abnormal EIQ group. The patients of abnormal EIQ showed poorer full scale IQ(FIQ), performance IQ(PIQ) and in subscale that picture arrangement, digit symbol, digit span, block design, object assembly and comprehension were significantly different. In terms of relationships between K-WAIS and EIQ, FIQ and PIQ have positive correlation with EIQ. And in subscale, picture arrangement, digit symbol, digit span, block design, object assembly and comprehension show positive correlation with EIQ. CONCLUSION: This study suggest that MTBI patients with have normal range of general intelligence level may have deficit of executive function is common. The decline of FIQ, PIQ and some subscales of K-WAIS may suggest executive dysfunction in MTBI patients.
Adult ; Brain ; Brain Injuries ; Comprehension ; Executive Function ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Reference Values ; Wechsler Scales

Solitary plasmacytoma, in contrast to the disseminated neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells with marked infiltration of multiple organ system in multiple myeloma, is plasma cell neoplasm of a single focus occuring either in bone or soft tissue. The association between a solitary plasmacytoma and peripheral neuropathy is rare, and it is a progressive sensorimotorneuropathy, with a raised CSF protein and mixed demyelination and axonal loss in nerve biopsy. Localized radiotherapy indeed proves to be effective of not only arresting the progress of the neuropathy but also allowing a degree of recovery. We experienced a 55-year-old male with a solitary plasmacytoma and peripheral neuropathy confirmed by the radiologic studies, immunohistochemical stain of nasopharyngeal mucosa biopsy and sural nerve biopsy, which has loss of myelinated fiber and axonal degeneration. Until now, the reported cases are very rare in Korea, so we presented a case of solitary plasmacytoma associated with peripheral neuropathy.
Axons ; Biopsy ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mucous Membrane ; Multiple Myeloma ; Myelin Sheath ; Neoplasms, Plasma Cell ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases* ; Plasma Cells ; Plasmacytoma* ; Radiotherapy ; Sural Nerve

It has been known that clozapine treatment combining with cytotoxic antitumor therapy for schizophrenia is not recommended because both durgs have agranulocytosis as their side effect. Since the introduction of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF), it has been used to treat agranulocytosis or granulocytopenia associated with antitumor chemotherapy or clozapine. We report a case with schizophrenia on clozapine treatment who developed agranulocytosis following combined cytotoxic chemotherapy for a sex-cord stromal tumor which was successfully treated with G-CSF. The hematological status before combining with antitumor chemotherapy had been within normal range, and agranulocytosis following the antitumor chemotherapy returned to normal after treatment with G-CSF. This suggests that clozapine could be administered in combination with cytotoxic antitumor agents if the following indications are met : normal hematological status before starting antitumor chemotherapy, carefully monitoring hematological status by oncologist and psychiatrist, and prepared G-CSF administration when agranulocytosis is anticipated.
Agranulocytosis ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Clozapine* ; Drug Therapy* ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Granulocytes ; Psychiatry ; Reference Values ; Schizophrenia

Serum prostatic specific antigen (PSA) will be elevated in cases of BPH, prostatitis, prostatic cancer, and other conditions of prostate. Generally PSA is proportional to increased the size of the transitional zone of the prostate, but the PSA production by malignant glands is variable PSA production is depend on the degree of histologic differentiation in case of prostate cancer, with well-differentiated glands producing more PSA and undifferentiated cancer producing less PSA. Significant elevations of PSA, greater than 10 to 20 ng/ml, in the absence of prostatitis, or recent prostatic biopsy are strongly suggestive of cancer of the prostate. Several large scale studies have demonstrated that serum PSA correlates well with advancing clinical stage, tumor volume and pathological stage. We report a case in which high stage and poorly differentiated pathologic grade prostate cancer with low serum PSA level.
Biopsy ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Prostatitis ; Tumor Burden

No abstract available.
Neurilemmoma*

OBJECTIVE: To prospectively evaluate the feasibility, safety, and survival of laparoscopic surgical staging in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. METHODS: From Oct 2001 to Jul 2006, a total of 83 consecutive patients were eligible for inclusion and underwent laparoscopic surgical staging. RESULTS: Three patients with intraoperative great vessel injury and 1 patient in whom the colpotomizer was unable to be inserted were excluded. Laparoscopic surgical staging was feasible in 95.2% (79/83). Immediate postoperative complications were noted in 12 (15.2%) patients. Prolonged complications directly related to operative procedures numbered 2 (2.5%), and were trocar site metastases. The mean time from surgery to the start of radiotherapy (RT) or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) was 11 (5-35) days. All patients tolerated the treatment well and completed scheduled RT or CCRT without disruption of treatment and additional admission. The rate of modification of the radiation field after surgical staging was 8.9% (7/79). Five-year progression-free survival and overall survival (OS) rates were 79% and 89%, respectively. The OS of patients with microscopic lymph node metastases, which were fully resected, were comparable to those of patients without lymph node metastasis. However, the OS of patients with macroscopic lymph node metastases that were fully resected were poorer compared with those of patients without lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSION: Pretreatment laparoscopic surgical staging is a feasible and safe treatment modality. However the survival benefit of debulking lymph nodes or full lymph node dissection is not clear.
Chemoradiotherapy ; Disease-Free Survival ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Postoperative Complications ; Prospective Studies ; Surgical Instruments ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

The lithium is widely employed as a psychotropic agent, specially in manic illness. Lithium nephrotoxicity can be divided into three main categories: nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, acute intoxication, chronic nephropathy including interstitial nephropathy and glomerulopathy manifested as nephrotic syndrome. But, nephrotic syndrome induced by lithium is very rare. We reported a nephrotic syndrome induced by lithium in a 27-year-old woman who was taking lithium carbonate for 11 years due to bipolar disorder. Renal biopsy showed membranous nephropathy. After withdrawal of lithium, clinical symptoms and proteinuria significantly improved.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Bipolar Disorder ; Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic ; Female ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous* ; Humans ; Lithium Carbonate ; Lithium* ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Proteinuria

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with the wearing of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in small scale industries. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, the data were obtained from self-administered questionnaires, a special health examination and the industrial hygiene records. The study included 230 workers in small-scale industries (the print industry and automobile repair shops), which were provided with a subsidiary occupational health program funded by government in 1998. The authors used the Precede-Proceed model. RESULTS: Among the subjects who were recommended to wear a PPE, 32.7% (35/107) wore the gas/vapor respirators, 43.9 % (101/230) wore the particulate respirators, and 44.3 % (102/230) wore hearing aids. Among them, 64.3 % (148/230) wore one of the above PPE. The wearing of PPE wearing was associated with knowledge (OR=2.34), the value of prevention (OR=3.46), social support (OR=2.78), the type of task (OR=2.18-4.47), and income level (OR=7.64). CONCLUSIONS: In small scale industries, the proportion workers wearing PPE was low. To increase this proportion, the reinforcing, enabling, and environmental factors as well as the predisposing factors need to be modified.
Automobiles ; Causality ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Financial Management ; Hearing Aids ; Humans ; Occupational Health ; Questionnaires ; Ventilators, Mechanical

Following kainate (KA)-induced epilepsy, rat hippocampal neurons strongly ex-press immediate early gene (IEG) products, i.e., c-FOS and c-JUN, and neural stress protein, HSP72. Prolonged expression of c-JUN and c-FOS 48 hr after cerebral ischemia has been underwent delayed neuronal death. However, it is not yet clear whether IEGs actually assume the essential roles in the cell death process or simply as a by-product due to external stimuli because of the prolonged expression of c-FOS, more than one week, on intact CA2 neurons of the hippocampus in a KA-induced epilepsy model. This study investigated the relationships between prolonged expression of c-JUN and hippocampal neuronal apoptosis in a KA-induced epilepsy model. Epileptic seizure was induced in rats by a single microinjection of KA (1g/l) into the left amygdala. Characteristic seizures and hippocampal neuronal injury were developed. The expression of c-JUN was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and neuronal apoptosis by in situ end labeling. The seizures were associated with c-JUN expression in the hippocampal neurons, of which the level showed a positive correlation with that of apoptosis. Losses of hippocampal neurons, especially in the CA3 region, were partly caused by apoptotic cell death via a c-JUN-mediated signaling pathway. This is thought to be an important component in the pathogenesis of hippocampal neuronal injury via KA-induced epilepsy.
Animal ; *Apoptosis ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/chemically induced/*metabolism/pathology ; Hippocampus/*chemistry/pathology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kainic Acid/*toxicity ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun/*analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar