Ectopic pancreas is commonly located at stomach, duodenum and jejunum. It is a relatively rare entity and is usually of no clinical importance which especially is a very rare source of massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding. We have recently experienced a case of an ectopic pancreas in the second portion of the duodenum which was proven to be a source of massive gastrointestinal bleeding by duodenoscopy and was confirmed by surgical exploration.
Duodenoscopy ; Duodenum* ; Esophagus* ; Hemorrhage* ; Intestines* ; Jejunum ; Pancreas* ; Stomach*

The purpose of this study was to examine changes in energy and macronutrient intakes during the premenstrual(days -10-1) and postmenstrual(days 5-14) phases. Thirty-two college female students recorded their food consumption and dietary patterns over 5 weeks from September 8 to October 12, 1997. Mean daily energy and macronutrient intakes and the percentage of energy intake from protein and carbohydrate were relatively consstant over the two menstrual cycle phases, but the energy intake from fat increased 1%(P<0.05)during the postmenstrual phase. Two different dietary patterns were identified by the shifts in energy intake between postmenstrual and premenstrual phases. Seventy five percent of subjects revealed a consistent pattern with the results of previous studies investigating food intake over the menstrual cycle, in which the premenstrual phase is associated with an increment in energy, carbohydrate, and protein intake. Incontrast, energy, protein, and fat intakes increased during the postmenstrual phase in 25% of the subjects. We conclude that cyclical fluctuations in energy and macronutrient intakes occur in both postmenstrual and premenstrual dietary pattern groups across the two menstrual phased with the opposite directions.
Eating ; Energy Intake ; Female ; Humans ; Menstrual Cycle*

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Standard type of ITI solid implant model in the 6.2mm thick jaw bone was axisymmetrically modelled for finite element stress analyses. PURPOSE: Primary objective was to investigate the influences of the characteristic design configuration of the ITI solid implant model on the bone stress with the course of osseointegration process at the bone/implant interfaces. To simulate the characteristics of the osseointegration process, five different stages of the bone/implant interface model were implemented. As load conditions, vertical load of 50N was taken into consideration. Bone at the cervical region of implant was the areas of concern where the higher level of stress were likely to take place. RESULTS: The results indicated that rather slightly different stress level could be obtained as a function of the osseointegration conditions. CONCLUSION: Under vertical load, the lower level of stress was observed at the cervical cortical bone in the initial and final stages of osseointegration. Relatively higher stress level, however, was observed during the transitional stages where the osseointegration at the cancellous bone interface were yet to fully develop.
Jaw ; Osseointegration*

Mirizzi syndrome is an uncommon cause of obstructive jaundice. It consists of the following elements: (1) an anatomic arrangement of the cystic duct such that it lies almost parallel to the common hepatic duct, (2) impaction of a gallstone in the cystic duct or neck of the gall bladder, (3) partial mechanical obstruction of the common hepatic duct by the stone itself or the resulting inflammatory reaction, and (4) recurrent cholangitis or ultimately cholangitic cirrhosis due to the partial obstruction. (continue...)
Cholangitis ; Cystic Duct ; Fibrosis ; Gallstones ; Hepatic Duct, Common ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; Mirizzi Syndrome* ; Neck ; Urinary Bladder

Diverticular disease of the colon is frequently involved in Western countries, which in korea, it is regarding as rare disease. In Western the diverticulosis is mainly affected on left side and increasing in according to age and false type is more frequent than ture type. While in oriental countries, the diverticulosis of the colon is mainly affected on right side and it is more frequent in younger patients. Cecal diverticulitis is known to a very rare disease and very difficult to be differenciated from acute scopy has purnished another useful tool in the differential diagnosis of diverticular disease. We experienced a case of cecal diverticultitis which had been diagnosed by colonofiberscopy and reviewed literatures briefly.
Colon ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diverticulitis* ; Diverticulum ; Humans ; Korea ; Rare Diseases

The authors developed a computerized documentation system to record and store all the data pertaining to an endoscopic examination of the upper digestive tract. The system was programmed using the database management system Clipper Version 5.01. It is easy and convenient to use due to advanced deaign of input screen using menu bars and pull down menu and windows. The system was designed to permit the easy storage and retrieval of data by personnel who lack computer skills and who may only have limited typing ability. Today this system has been in daily use for 1 year at the endoscopic units of 8 different branch hospitals of Catholic university,medical college. Overall the experience in these centers has been positive, with excelient or good participation. Characteristics of this system are a menu-driven system, data input by predefined list, instantaneous report generation, on line access to previous examination, late entry of yathologic regerts. and record retrieval, listing according to different criteria. For the description of endoscopic findings and diagnosis, structured input is maintained. All of the findings are chosen from predefined list using pop-up screen and also free text typing is allowed. Therefore time effort was not increased compared to conventional documentation. Structured input and the resulting categorical data affer several advantages.
Database Management Systems ; Diagnosis ; Endoscopy ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal* ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hospitals, Satellite ; Information Systems

This case report describes a patient with semipedunclated granuylar cell tumor(granular cell myoblastoma) of the proximal ascending colon removed by endoscopic polypectomy. A 39-year old femalie was visited to our hospital for intermittent abdominal pain and loose stool. Colonoscopic examination showed a semipedunclated lesion covered with yellowish white smooth mucosa in the proximal ascending colon. The tumor was removed by endoscopic polypectomy. The collected specimen was 0.9x0.8 cm in size. The cut surface of the specimen showed a white round firm tumor covered with mormal epithelium of the colon. Using immunohistochemical study, the tumor cells were to be positively stained by S-100 protein and negatively stained by desmin, which supports the concept of the Schwann cell origin of granular cell tumor. In Korea, 2 cases of granular cell tumor of the colon and rectum, which were treated by surgical removal, have been reported. This case in the first endoscopic polypectomy of granular cell tumor of the colon and retum in Korea. The endoscopic polypectomy is thought to be useful for the therapy of small pedunclated or semipedunclated granular cell tumor, intracolonic type.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Colon ; Colon, Ascending* ; Desmin ; Epithelium ; Granular Cell Tumor* ; Humans ; Korea ; Mucous Membrane ; Rectum ; S100 Proteins

In the evaluation of the source of occult bleeding, it is mandatory that the small bowel be investigated. But, the small bowel is the area where endoscopic approach is most difficult. The endoscopic evaluation of the small intestine has rapidly evolved over the last 10 years and now includes many of the diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities of standard endoscopic procedures. Various techniques have been developed, including fiberoptic sonde enteroscopy, retrograde ileoscopy, intraoperative enteroscopy, "push" enteroscopy using a pediatric colonoscope, and video enterocopy. Therefore, the small bowel enteroscope has shown great promise in the evaluation of obscure or persistent gastrointestinal bleeding. We have experienced a case of bleeding from jejunal leiomyosarcoma, which diagnosed with small bowel enteroscopy. So we report the case with a brief review of literature.
Colonoscopes ; Hemorrhage* ; Intestine, Small ; Leiomyosarcoma*

BACKGROUND: It has been known that the sero- logic markers of infectivity and viral replication in patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection are hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg), HRV DNA and HBV DNA polymerase. METHODS: In order to clarify the relationship between chronic liver diseases and HBV infection, and the mechanism of chronicity in HBV related liver diseases, the expression patterns of hepatic HBeAg by imrnunohistochemical stain and histologic activity index(HAI) were studied from 10% formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues in 114 patients performed liver biopsy. RESULTS: The results were as follows: 1) Incidence of serum HReAg positivity in HBsAg positive patients was 74.6% and that of hepatic HBeAg expression was 77.6% among serum HBeAg positive cases. Hepatic HBeAg expression was 72.4% in serum HBeAg negative cases. 2) In serum HBeAg positive cases, almost all infected hepatocytes exhibited cytoplasmic HBeAg expression and half of patients showed nuclear HBeAg expression, but cytoplasmic HBeAg expression was solely predominant in serum HBeAg negative cases. Hepatic HBeAg expression showed a decreasing trend from AVH and CPH, through CAH, to cirrhosis with or without HCC, which was a consistent finding with serum HBeAg in decreasing manner. Hepatic HBeAg expreassion was highly sustained in about 60-90% of cases, regardless of duration of their illnesses. 3) HAI showed slighf3y higher tendency in patients with hepatic HBeAg negative expression than in positive cases. CONCLUSION: The above results suggest that HBeAg may play a role as a viral target antigen for immune-mediated liver injury and may be also related to the pathogenetic mechanism of chronicity in chronic hepatitis B.
Biopsy ; Cytoplasm ; DNA ; Fibrosis ; Formaldehyde ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B virus* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; Hepatitis* ; Hepatocytes ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver ; Liver Diseases ; Logic ; Paraffin

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a disease of unknown cause which involves various organs and primary involvement of urinary bladder is very rare. We experienced a case of a female patient with SLE and urologic manifestations (interstitial cystitis, hydroureters and hydronephrosis), which were resolved spontaneously without any immunosuppressive therapy. There was no significant correlation between clinical course and disease activity index.
Cystitis* ; Female ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Remission, Spontaneous ; Urinary Bladder