Dissociated vertical deviation(DVD) is a clinical entity consisting of an up ward and extorsional drift of a nonfixating eye. This can occur spontaneously or during occlusion of that eye. The cosmetic importance of surgical management of manifest DVD has been agreed upon, but a number of different operative approaches have been cited in the literature. The surgical treatments for DVD are large recession of the superior rectus(10-16mm), resection of the inferior rect-us as much as 8mm, posterior fixation suture of the superior rectus and posterior fixation suture combined with the superior rectus recession. However, in comparing the long-term effect of recession of the superior rectus muscle, reces-sion of the superior rectus muscle combined with posterior fixation, with that of posterior fixation of the superior rectus muscle without recession, Duncan and von Noorden concluded that the best results are obtained by conventional recession of the superior rectus muscle(4 to 5mm) combined with posterior fixation of 12-15mm behind the muscle insertion. 8 eyes of 7 patients received 4mm recession of the superior rectus muscle combined with 12-15mm posterior fixation suture for the treatment of DVD. All patients were followed for postoperative period of 4 weeks to 20 months. The results were as follows: 1. The amount of preoperative DVD has ranged from 20 delta to 38 delta. 2. The amount of postoperative DVD has ranged from 0 delta to 10 delta, and the effect of that surgery has ranged from 10 delta to 33 delta, average 23 delta. 3. After operation 7 of 8 eyes were aligned, within the good to excellent categories (0-10 delta).
Humans ; Postoperative Period ; Sutures*

Pelvic organs are generally sufficiently outlined by extraperitoneal fat, and there is a relative absence of physiologic motion. Computed tomography(CF) of the pelvic cavity is advantageous to demarcate anatomical features. It is important to standardize localization and volumetric measurement of intrapelvic organs in each plane of pelvic computed topography image. Forty four cases without pelvic pathology were studied in other to determine the normal morphology of the prostate and seminal vesicles on CT with the standard plane of greater trochanter to be appeared. The shape of pelvic cavity had android type in three-fifths and the size had 60.0~ 153.6mm(mean 95.3+/-17.7 mm) in anteroposterior diameter and 87.6~158.3 mm (mean 102.5+/-13.5 mm) in transverse. About four-fifths of the shape of the prostate had round type on the level of appearing to the largest prostate. About four-fifths of number of appearing plane of prostate on pelvic CT had 3 planes. The mean volume of the prostate was 32.6+/-7.2 ml and the volume of the prostate was well correlated with age(p<0.000). The mean anterior and lateral space of Retzius were 12.0+/-11.8 mm, 16.1+/-14.1 mm respectively. According to patient`s body weight and height, space were not correlated to body weight & height. About a half and one-third of the shape of the seminal vesicles had bow-tie and crescent type on the level of appearing to the largest seminal vesicles. About three-Fifths and one-fifth of number of appearing plane of seminal vesicles on pelvic CT had 2 and 3 planes. The mean length of right and left seminal vesicles was 40.4+/-5.2 mm and 38.7+/-6.1 mm respectively.
Body Weight ; Femur ; Humans ; Male* ; Pathology ; Prostate* ; Seminal Vesicles

Two kinds or intraprostatic stent (Prostakath and Nissenkorn catheter) were inserted under local anesthesia in 17 patients for 20 times who had benign prostatic hyperplasia. Within 1 month after insertion of the stents. the results are good in 10 of 17 patients. fair in 4 and poor in 3 from the view points of improvements in urine flow and voiding symptoms. Of 9 patients in whom the stents have been inserted longer than 6 months. 4 are good. 2 are fair and 3 are poor in the results of long term insertion. It seems that this method is applicable as s definitive method for benign prostatic hyperplasia if there is a few progressions in the location where this stent is inserted. in the quality or stent material and in the easy way to change the stent.
Anesthesia, Local ; Humans ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Stents

A 45-years-old woman complained mild right flank pain and easy fatigability. Right abdominal bruit was heard by auscultation. CT and angiography revealed a huge venous dilatation in renal sinus measuring 10.2cm in diameter. And similar findings were shown in MRI. We performed nephrectomy and confirmed arteriovenous fistula in main renal artery and vein.
Angiography ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Auscultation ; Dilatation* ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Nephrectomy ; Renal Artery ; Vascular Malformations ; Veins

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast*

Metastatic tumors to the eye are probably the most common type of intraocular malignancies. The choroid is the most common site of involvement. Though the iris is a less common site of uveal involvement, metastases to the iris may occur and may produce a variety of clinical findings. The most common metastatic tumor to the eye is breast tumor and lung tumor is second, whereas the prompt most common metastatic tumor to the iris is lung tumor and breast tumor is second. The iris lesion may be the first presentation of the cancer and should make a search for the primary tumor. The diagnosis of metastatic tumor to the iris can be established by cytologic examination of aqueous. Local irradiation can spare the patient an enucleation and can preserve the eye for the generally few months of life that remain. Although the prognosis for vision is usually good, the prognosis for life is poor. The authors describe a 37 year old male patient having a metastasis from oat cell carcinoma of the lung to iris, which begins to respond to chemotherapy.
Adult ; Breast Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic* ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Choroid ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Iris* ; Lung ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis

Tunica albuginea cyst is a rare disease and the most of which are benign lesion unlike most testicular mass. We report a 65-year-old man was admitted with testicular pain, tenderness and palpable mass. Preoperative ultrasonography demonstrated well marginated, cystic lesion in right testis, about 2.0 x 2.8 x 3.3 cm in size with partially thin walls. Orchiectomy was done and diagnosis was made by patho-histologic findings.
Aged ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Orchiectomy ; Rare Diseases ; Testis ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Bile* ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen* ; Gallbladder* ; Mesenteric Veins*

Alterations in nitric oxide (NO) release in response to psychostimulants in the striatum cause a plastic change contributing to the development and expression of addiction. In this study, regulation of NO efflux evoked by acute cocaine in the dorsal striatum was investigated using real-time detection of NO in vivo. We found that acute systemic injection of cocaine (20 mg/kg) increased NO efflux, which was reduced by the intrastriatal infusion of the dopamine D1 receptor antagonist, SCH23390 (7.5 nmol), and the dopamine D2 receptor agonist, quinpirole (5 nmol). Increased levels of NO efflux by acute cocaine were also reduced by the intrastriatal infusion of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, MK801 (2 nmol) and AP5 (2 nmol). These findings suggest that interactions of dopamine D1 receptors and NMDA receptors after acute exposure to cocaine participate in the upregulation of NO efflux in the dorsal striatum.
Benzazepines ; Cocaine ; Dizocilpine Maleate ; Dopamine ; Glutamic Acid ; N-Methylaspartate ; Nitric Oxide ; Plastics ; Quinpirole ; Receptors, Dopamine D1 ; Receptors, Dopamine D2 ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; Up-Regulation

For applying the quality assurance (QA) of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) introduced in Eulji Hospital, we classify it into three different QA steps, treatment planning QA, pretreatment delivering QA, and treatment verifying QA. These steps are based on the existing intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) QA that is currently used in our hospital. In each QA step, the evaluated items that are from QA program are configured and documented. In this study, QA program is not only applied to actual patient treatment, but also evaluated to establish a reference of clinical acceptance in pretreatment delivering QA. As a result, the confidence limits (CLs) in the measurements for the high-dose and low-dose regions are similar to the conventional IMRT level, and the clinical acceptance references in our hospital are determined to be 3 to 5% for the high-dose and the low-dose regions, respectively. Due to the characteristics of VMAT, evaluation of the intensity map was carried out using an ArcCheck device that was able to measure the intensity map in all directions, 360degrees. With a couple of dosimetric devices, the gamma index was evaluated and analyzed. The results were similar to the result of individual intensity maps in IMRT. Mapcheck, which is a 2-dimensional (2D) array device, was used to display the isodose distributions and gave very excellent local CL results. Thus, in our hospital, the acceptance references used in practical clinical application for the intensity maps of 360degrees directions and the coronal isodose distributions were determined to be 93% and 95%, respectively. To reduce arbitrary uncertainties and system errors, we had to evaluate the local CLs by using a phantom and to cooperate with multiple organizations to participate in this evaluation. In addition, we had to evaluate the local CLs by dividing them into different sections about the patient treatment points in practical clinics.
Humans ; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated