Multiple tooth loss can cause disharmonious occlusial plane, loss of vertical dimension and deflection of mandibular movement. Therefore, restoring proper vertical dimension and occlusion in the centric relation is an important treatment goal. Implant-assisted removable partial denture is a recently used clinical technique, because it increases patient satisfaction by improving retention, support, and stability of conventional denture. The objective of this article is to present a case report describing the fabrication of treatment denture and implant assisted removable partial denture using previously placed implants for a patient with partial loss of posterior support and anterior stop.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in many countries, including Korea. The majority of patients are inoperable at the time of diagnosis because symptoms are typically manifested at an advanced stage. A recent large clinical trial demonstrated significant reduction in lung cancer mortality by using low dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening. A Korean multisociety collaborative committee systematically reviewed the evidences regarding the benefits and harms of lung cancer screening, and developed an evidence-based clinical guideline. There is high-level evidence that annual screening with LDCT can reduce lung cancer mortality and all-cause mortality of high-risk individuals. The benefits of LDCT screening are modestly higher than the harms. Annual LDCT screening should be recommended to current smokers and ex-smokers (if less than 15 years have elapsed after smoking cessation) who are aged 55 to 74 years with 30 pack-years or more of smoking-history. LDCT can discover non-calcified lung nodules in 20 to 53% of the screened population, depending on the nodule positivity criteria. Individuals may undergo regular LDCT follow-up or invasive diagnostic procedures that lead to complications. Radiation-associated malignancies associated with repetitive LDCT, as well as overdiagnosis, should be considered the harms of screening. LDCT should be performed in qualified hospitals and interpreted by expert radiologists. Education and actions to stop smoking must be offered to current smokers. Chest radiograph, sputum cytology at regular intervals, and serum tumor markers should not be used as screening methods. These guidelines may be amended based on several large ongoing clinical trial results.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; Diagnosis ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Education ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Mass Screening* ; Mortality ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Sputum

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to verify the relationship between subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) volume (not Fisher grade) and development of cerebral vasospasm prospectively. METHODS: Patients who visited our hospital with a diffuse or localized thick subarachnoid blood clot seen on computed tomography (CT), taken within 48 hours after SAH and the aneurysm was confirmed by CT Angiogram (CTA) from March 2010 to July 2011 were enrolled in this study. CTA was checked at least twice after admission. Angiographic vasospasm (AVS) on CTA was defined as irregularity or narrowing of intracranial vessels on follow up CTA compared with initial CTA. Total intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) volume (subdural, SAH, intracerebral and intraventricular) was calculated and SAH volume (all supratentorial and infratentorial cisterns) was also calculated using the MIPAV software package. RESULTS: A total of 55 patients were included in our study. Thirty six patients did not show AVS on CTA or clinical deterioration (non vasospasm group: NVS). AVS without ischemic neurologic symptoms was observed in four patients and development of symptomatic vasospasm (SVS), defined as AVS with ischemic symptoms, was observed in 15 patients. SAH volume in SVS patients was statistically larger than that in NVS patients (p < 0.05). Total ICH volume in SVS patients was larger than that in NVS patients. However, the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Results of this study indicate an association of development of vasospasm with the SAH volume, not intracranial hemorrhage.
Aneurysm ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Vasospasm, Intracranial

OBJECTIVE: Cancer-testis (CT) genes are considered promising candidates for immunotherapeutic approaches. The aim of this study was to investigate which CT genes should be targeted in immunotherapy for brain tumors. METHODS: We investigated the expression of 6 CT genes (MAGE-E1, SOX-6, SCP-1, SSX-2, SSX-4, and HOMTES-85) using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction in 26 meningiomas and 32 other various brain tumor specimens, obtained from the patients during tumor surgery from 2000 to 2005. RESULTS: The most frequently expressed CT genes of meningiomas were MAGE-E1, which were found in 22/26 (85%) meningioma samples, followed by SOX-6 (9/26 or 35%). Glioblastomas were most frequently expressed SOX-6 (6/7 or 86%), MAGE-E1 (5/7 or 71%), followed by SSX-2 (2/7 or 29%) and SCP-1 (1/7 or 14%). However, 4 astrocytomas, 3 anaplastic astrocytomas, and 3 oligodendroglial tumors only expressed MAGE-E1 and SOX-6. Schwannomas also expressed SOX-6 (5/6 or 83%), MAGE-E1 (4/6 or 67%), and SCP-1 (2/6 or 33%). CONCLUSION: The data presented here suggest that MAGE-E1 and SOX-6 genes are expressed in a high percentage of human central nervous system tumors, which implies the CT genes could be the potential targets of immunotherapy for human central nervous system tumors.
Acetaminophen ; Astrocytoma ; Brain ; Brain Neoplasms ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms ; Glioblastoma ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Meningioma ; Neurilemmoma ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Saccharin

Eclampsia is a syndrome characterized by pregnancy-induced hypertension, edema, proteinuria, and generalized tonic-clonic convulsions, occurring between 20 and 40 weeks of gestation or within 48 hours of postpartum. A convulsion that shows up more than 48 hours after delivery is late postpartum eclampsia. A 40-year-old woman was admitted due to a headache and generalized tonic-clonic seizures in 14 days of postpartum. Two months prior to the admission, she had been admitted to the hospital because of mild proteinuria. Her blood pressure on arrival was 160/100 mmHg. There were no focal neurologic signs. She was given lorazepam and valproate sodium intravenously and her convulsion was stopped. A brain MRI showed multiple bilateral high signal intensities in the both deep white matter and the parieto-occipital cortex. Cerebral angiography showed a diffuse vasospasm. We report a patient with late postpartum eclampsia occurring 14 days after parturition whose seizures was accompanied by preceding headache and proteinuria as a pre-eclamptic sign.
Adult ; Blood Pressure ; Brain ; Cerebral Angiography ; Eclampsia* ; Edema ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced ; Lorazepam ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Parturition ; Postpartum Period* ; Pregnancy ; Proteinuria ; Seizures ; Valproic Acid

PURPOSE: To identify the clinical and electroencephalographic factors which are independently predictive of a postoperative seizure-free outcome for 4 years. We compared the outcomes of the first 2 years with the subsequent 2 years one after anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) with unilateral hippocampal atrophy (HA) on MRI. METHODS: We studied 51 consecutive operated patients who had above 4 years of follow-up and had MTLE with definite unilateral HA on MRI. The surgical outcome was classified as either seizure-free or not seizure-free in the first postoperative 2 years and the subsequent 2 years. Several clinical variables were included. The scalp EEG parameters included the lateralization of interictal epileptiform discharges, ictal onset location, ictal onset frequency, ictal EEG lateralization, and ictal scalp EEG propagation (bitemporal asynchrony or switch of lateralization). Variable factors were subjected to univariate analysis. RESULTS: Overall, 36 patients (71%) became seizure-free during the postoperative 4 years. On univariate analysis, only one factor was significantly associated with poor outcome (p<0.05): ictal scalp EEG propagation pattern such as bitemporal asynchrony or switch of lateralization. The seizure-free outcome was seen in 88.9% of patients without bitemporal asynchroncy, or switch of lateralization while only 54.5% of patients with those patterns (p=0.007) during the postoperative third and fourth year. However, those propagation patterns did not show the prognostic value during the first 2 years (p=0.449). Other variable factors were found not to be predictive of prognosis on early or late recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Bitemporal asynchrony or a switch of lateralization in the ictal scalp EEG might be a highly predictive factor for an undesirable surgical outcome, late recurrence of seizure during a follow-up period after ATL, and probably an index of bitemporal epileptogenicity in MTLE.
Anterior Temporal Lobectomy ; Atrophy* ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Scalp ; Seizures ; Temporal Lobe*

OBJECTIVE: T(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG) `a green tea polyphenol' is a potent antioxidant and known to reduce the free radical-induced lipid peroxidation. In our previous study, systemic administration of EGCG immediately after ischemia has been shown to inhibit the hippocampal neuronal damage in the gerbil model of global ischemia. Polyamines, especially putrescine(PU) is thought to be important in the generation of brain edema and neuronal cell damage associated with various types of excitotoxic neuronal injury. We investigate the effects of delayed administration of EGCG on the changes in polyamine levels and neuronal damage after transient global ischemia in gerbils. METHODS: To produce transient global ischemia, both common carotid arteries were occluded for 3 min with micro-clips. The gerbils were treated with EGCG(50mg/kg, i.p.) immediately or 2hr after ischemia. Putrescine levels were examined in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus 24 hours after ischemia using high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: PU levels in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus were increased significantly after the ischemia. The administrations of EGCG immediately after the ischemia attenuated the ischemia-induced increase of PU level, however, 2 hr delayed EGCG administration did not reduce the increase of PU level. EGCG administered immediately or 2 hr after ischemia significantly reduced neuronal damage in the hippocampal CA1 region, respectively. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that EGCG may has a promise in the management of stroke.
Brain Edema ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Cerebral Cortex ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Gerbillinae* ; Hippocampus ; Ischemia* ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Neurons* ; Polyamines ; Putrescine* ; Stroke ; Tea*

Few patients with traumatic aortic laceration remain undiagnosed and survive long enough to develop a chronic aneurysm. Such aneurysms are frequently asymptomatic: alternatively, they may manifest chest pain, dysphagia, bronchial irritation, or sudden death. A case of aortobronchial fistula secondary to a chronic post-traumatic aneurysm of the aortic isthmus is presented. Hemoptysis was the main sign. The affected segment of the thoracic aorta was repaired with a Hemashield patch and a left upper lobectomy was performed.
Aneurysm ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Chest Pain ; Death, Sudden ; Deglutition Disorders ; Fistula* ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Lacerations ; Thorax*

The most common primary heart tumor in infants is the rhabdomyoma.It is known that tuberous sclerosis is found in half of the patients with cardiac rhabdomyoma. Because the prognosis of this tumor associated with subaortic stenosis is poor,the surgical intervention is indicated.We report one case of left ventricular rhabdomyoma with tuberous sclerosis.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Heart Neoplasms ; Humans ; Infant ; Prognosis ; Rhabdomyoma* ; Tuberous Sclerosis*

BACKGROUND: Glioblastomas are one of the most common and aggressive malignant glial tumors occuring in the central nervous system. This study analyzed the status of p15INK4b, p14ARF, p16INK4a, MTAP, IFNA, and IFNB genes in 36 primary glioblastomas to investigate whether the inactivation of these genes participate in primary glioblastoma tumorigenesis. METHODS: We used polymerase chain reaction, polymerase chain reaction/single strand conformational polymorphism (PCR/SSCP) analysis, and methylation-specific PCR. RESULTS: Homozygous deletions at the p16INK4a gene were detected in 11 cases (30.5%) of 36 primary glioblastomas, and the promoter hypermethylation was found in 3 cases (8.3%) of 36 primary glioblastomas. In mutational analysis for the p16INK4a gene by PCR/SSCP, there was no abnormal mobility-shifted band in 36 cases of primary glioblastomas. The overall frequency of p16INK4a alterations including homozygous deletion and promoter hypermethylation in 36 primary glioblastomas was 38.8% (14 of 36). Deletions of p15INK4b were noted in 4 cases (11.1%), whereas deletions of the p14ARF and MTAP genes were detected in 1 case of 36 cases of primary glioblastomas. But deletions of the INFA and B genes were not found. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that alterations of the p16INK4a gene can be important mechanisms of the tumorigenesis of primary glioblastomas, and the p16INK4a gene is inactivated by mechanisms including homozygous deletion and promoter hypermethylation.
Brain Neoplasms ; Carcinogenesis ; Central Nervous System ; Genes, p16 ; Glioblastoma* ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF