OBJECTIVETo establish a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatorgraphy (RP-HPLC) method for detecting the dencichine in Panax notoginseng extracts and drug preparations.

METHODDencichine was extracted with the borate buffer (pH 9. 18) and the clear supernatant was used for the derivatization. Pre-column derivatization was performed using 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC) to form derivatives. The mobile phase consisted of methanol and 0. 05 mol x L( -1) NaH2 PO4 (48: 52) (pH adjusted to 7.4 with NaOH solution) in a flow rate of 1.0 mL m min(-1). The ultraviolet (UV) detection wavelength was set at 262 nm.

RESULTThe linearity was demonstrated over a wide range of concentration from 1.76 mg L(-1) to 352 mg x L(-1) for dencichine. The detection limit was determined to be 60 microg x L(-1). The derivative was stable and the derivatization agent did not influence the measurement of dencichine. The average recovery rate was 95. 3% and the relative standard derivation (RSD) was 1. 7%. The method was used to determine dencichine in different P. notoginseng extracts and drug preparations.

CONCLUSIONThis method is simple, fast and sensitive, suitable for determining the dencichine in P. notoginseng extracts and drug preparations as well as for the study of the dencichine metabolism in vivo.

Amino Acids, Diamino ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; instrumentation ; methods ; Fluorenes ; chemistry ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results

OBJECTIVETo explore the efficacy and safety of 980 nm diode laser vaporization in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

METHODSWe treated 92 BPH patients by 980 nm diode laser vaporization. The patients were aged 65 - 89 years, with a mean prostate volume of (50.1 +/- 13.0) ml. We analyzed and compared the mean operation time, intra-operative blood loss, postoperative complications, international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life (QOL) score, maximum urine flow rate (Qmax), and post void residual (PVR) before and after surgery.

RESULTSOperations were successful in all the 92 cases, with an average operation time of (70.2 +/- 16.9) min, very little blood loss and no blood transfusion. The transurethral catheter indwelling time was 2 -5 (2.4 +/- 0.3) days. The patients were followed up for 1 to 3 months, which revealed a significant reduction in IPPS (P < 0.01) and improvement in Qmax and PVR (P < 0.01) as compared with preoperation. No severe complications were reported, including urinary incontinence and bladder irritation symptoms. None of the patients complained of impaired erectile function.

CONCLUSIONTransurethral 980 nm diode laser vaporization is a safe and effective treatment for BPH.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; methods ; Lasers, Semiconductor ; Male ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; surgery ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

The major defining pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are the accumulations of Abeta in senile plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau in neurofibrillary tangles and neuropil threads. Recent studies indicate that rather than these insoluble lesions, the soluble Abeta oligomers and hyperphosphorylated tau are the toxic agents of AD pathology. Such pathological protein species are accompanied by cytoskeletal changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, Ca2+ dysregulation, and oxidative stress. In this review, we discuss how the binding of Abeta to various integrins, defects in downstream focal adhesion signaling, and activation of cofilin can impact mitochondrial dysfunction, cytoskeletal changes, and tau pathology induced by Abeta oligomers. Such pathological consequences can also feedback to further activate cofilin to promote cofilin pathology. We also suggest that the mechanism of Abeta generation by the endocytosis of APP is mechanistically linked with perturbations in integrin-based focal adhesion signaling, as APP, LRP, and beta-integrins are physically associated with each other.
Alzheimer Disease ; Amyloid ; Cytoskeleton ; Endocytosis ; Focal Adhesions ; Integrins ; Mitochondria ; Neurofibrillary Tangles ; Neuropil Threads ; Oxidative Stress ; Plaque, Amyloid

OBJECTIVETo explore multi-drug resistance (MDR) of bladder cancer for the intravesical instillation.

METHODSUsing immunohistochemical staining, in 44-case human bladder cancer cells, the expressions of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), glutathione S-transferase (GST-pi) and topoisomerase (TOPO-II), were detected to find out the resistance to drugs.

RESULTSP-gp had a higher expression in 54.5% cases. GST-pi had no or a lower expression in 65.9% cases. TOPO-II had a higher expression in 29.5% but a lower expression in 65.9% cases.

CONCLUSIONDetecting the factors of MDR in bladder cancer cells could help to choose drugs for intravesical chemotherapy.

ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; analysis ; Administration, Intravesical ; Adult ; Aged ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type II ; analysis ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Female ; Glutathione Transferase ; analysis ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism

According to the characteristics of gout's clinical symptoms, the common gout animal models were analyzed, and the anastomosis and application prospect of the existing gout animal models with the clinical symptoms were discussed. At present, there are three models of gout: hyperuricemia model, gouty arthritis model and gouty nephropathy model. There are many methods of gout modeling, but there is a lack of animal model replication that could reflect the characteristics of gout's clinical symptoms and reflect the etiology of gout, and there is still a gap between the clinical symptoms and the clinical symptoms. In this paper, the characteristics and modeling methods of the three animal models were summarized, and compared with the clinical symptoms and standards, the anastomosis between the existing animal models and the clinical symptoms were analyzed and discussed, and the evaluation and improvement methods of the corresponding animal models were put forward. It provides a reliable experimental method for the treatment of gout by traditional Chinese medicine.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gout ; Hyperuricemia