Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hair Diseases ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; therapeutic use ; Recombinant Proteins ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo find out clinical characteristics and natural history of post transfusion HCV infection.

METHODS83 subjects who have received the blood from a same blood donor from January 1998 to July 2002 were investigated by the method combining cross-sectional study with retrospective study. HCV-antibody, HCV RNA, liver function, abdomen B-ultrasound and Fibroscan were detected.

RESULTSThe HCV-antibody were all positive. The HCV RNA of 56 out of the 83 cases were positive. The chronicity rates of hepatis C were 76.3% (29/38) in male patients and 60.00% (27/45) in female patients respectively, without significant difference (X² = 2.99, P = 0.11). The average age of the HCV RNA positive patients was (36.54 ± 14.37) years old. The average age of the HCV RNA negative patients was (27.43 ± 12.51) years old. A significant difference (T = -2.41, P = 0.018) existed between. The HCV genotype was type1b. Among the HCV RNA positive patients,10 cases were with mild asthenia, anorexia and abdominal distention, 9 cases with increased serum ALT, 12 cases.with chronic hepatitis and 1 case was diagnosed with decompensated liver cirrhosis.

CONCLUSIONThe clinical manifestations of HCV infection are occult and chronic. The chronicity rate is related to gender and the age when infection was caught.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Blood Donors ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis C ; etiology ; transmission ; virology ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; etiology ; transmission ; virology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Factors ; Transfusion Reaction ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype in Guizhou and to study the relationship between the genotype and the progression of liver disease.

METHODS786 patients with chronic HBV infection, from 4 cities of Guizhou, including 346 asymptomatic carriers (ASC), 313 chronic hepatitis (CH), 77 liver cirrhosis (LC), 50 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were examined. HBV genotype was determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and the subtypes were determined by direct sequencing of PCR product in 94 patients with HBV B genotype, the relationship between HBV genotype and the progression of liver disease was studied by multifactor analysis such as HBeAg positivity, HBV DNA load and ALT level.

RESULTSOf the 786 patients, 7 (0.89%), 497 (63.23%), 275 (34.99%), and 7 (0.89%) belonged to genotype A, B, C, D, respectively. There was statistically significant difference in the distribution of genotype B among Kaili (96.04%), Zunyi (78.79%), Duyun (64.52%) and Guiyang (53.14%) (P< 0.01). Genotype C was more prevalent in Guiyang than in other three cities (P < 0.01, or P < 0.05). Out of 94 genotypes B, 93 (98.94%) belonged to subtype Ba, only one was subtype Bj. There were statistically significant difference in the distribution of genotype B and C among various stage of liver disease (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Genotype B showed a gradual decrease from ASC, CH, LC to the HCC group while in contrast, genotype C showed a gradual increase in the same order. The ALT levels and the mean age were significantly higher and older in patients with genotype C than those in genotype B (P < 0.01 or 0.05). The HBeAg positivity was significantly lower in genotype C than that in genotype B (P < 0.025).

CONCLUSIONData showed that there were genotype A, B, C and D existing in Guizhou. Genotype B was the major one but genotype C was more commonly seen. In genotype B, subtype Ba appeared to be predominant. The geographic distribution of genotype B and C were different in some cities of Guizhou. Compared to genotype B, genotype C was associated with the development of more severe liver damage.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; virology ; DNA, Viral ; analysis ; Disease Progression ; Genotype ; Hepatitis B virus ; classification ; genetics ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; pathology ; virology ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; virology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

AIMTo study the effects of protease inhibitors on the large and small intestinal absorption of insulin in rats and to explore the mechanism of various protease inhibitors in different intestinal regions.

METHODSThe intestinal absorption of insulin was evaluated by its hypoglycemic effect and serum insulin level using an in situ loop method with the washing treatment.

RESULTSAdministration of insulin alone did not decrease the glucose level at either intestinal region with or without the washing treatment. With the unwashing treatment, there were no hypoglycemic effects in small intestinal loop when coadministration of insulin with protease inhibitors. With the washing treatment, the biological effects of insulin were amplified a little in small intestinal loop; obvious hypoglycemic effects were found in large intestinal loop with or without the washing treatment. The effectiveness of protease inhibitors was susceptible to their categories, concentrations and activities of proteolytic enzymes in different regions. The efficacy order of various protease inhibitors for enhancing hypoglycemic response of insulin was: leupeptin > sodium glycocholate > bacitracin > bestatin > cystatin; the percutaneous enhancement effects were observed in the presence of either sodium glycocholate or bacitracin.

CONCLUSIONCoadministration of protease inhibitors could increase the insulin efficacy more effectively in the large intestine than in the small intestine.

Animals ; Bacitracin ; pharmacology ; Biological Availability ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Colon ; metabolism ; Glycocholic Acid ; pharmacology ; Insulin ; pharmacokinetics ; Intestinal Absorption ; drug effects ; Intestine, Small ; metabolism ; Leupeptins ; pharmacology ; Male ; Protease Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

To investigate the efficacy of interferon alpha 2 b plus ribavirin combination therapy in sixty-two patients with chronic hepatitis c (CHC) infection originating from a single blood donor. The 62 patients who developed CHC following blood transfusion from a known single infected donor were treated with interferon and ribavirin combination therapy for 48 weeks and followed-up for 96 weeks. The therapy regimen consisted of subcutaneous administration of 3-500 MIU interferon alpha 2 b every other day and daily oral administration of 0.6-1.0 g of ribavirin. Patients were monitored during treatment and in follow-up for sustained virological response (SVR), early virology response (EVR), treatment end virology response (ETVR), biochemical response of withdrawals, and side effects. The SVR rate was 83.9% (52/62). The EVR rate was 95.2% (59/62). The ETVR rate was 87.1% (54/62). The biochemical response rate after withdrawal of treatment was 100.0%. Eight patients developed mildly abnormal thyroid function as a result of the interferon therapy, but all were able to complete the antiviral treatment regimen under the care of endocrinologists. Younger age, relatively short course of disease, low viral load, and better compliance, but not sex, were correlated to curative effect of the combination therapy. Interferon alpha 2 b plus ribavirin combination therapy had a significant curative effect on a group of 62 CHC patients originating from a single case, with 52 of the patients showing SVR out to 96 weeks after therapy. Antiviral treatment is recommended for hepatitis C virus-positive patients to eradicate the virus and prevent disease progression.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Blood Donors ; Child ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepacivirus ; drug effects ; genetics ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; drug therapy ; virology ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Viral ; blood ; Recombinant Proteins ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Ribavirin ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Transfusion Reaction ; Treatment Outcome ; Viral Load ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the expression of secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) mRNA and the time interval after skeletal muscle injury in rats by real-time PCR. METHODS: A total of ninety SD rats were randomly divided into the contusion groups at different times including 4h, 8h, 12h, 16h, 20h, 24h, 28h, 32h, 36h, 40h, 44h, 48h after contusion, incision groups at different times including 4h and 8h after incision and the control group. The samples were taken from the contused zone at different time points. The total RNA was isolated from the samples and reversely transcribed to analyze the expression levels of SFRP5 mRNA. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, the expression of SFRP5 mRNA in contusion groups were down-regulated within 48 h after contusion and reached the lowest level at 20 h, and the expression of SFRP5 mRNA gradually increased from 20 h to 48 h after contusion. The expression of SFRP5 mRNA in the incised groups were significantly lower than that of the contusion groups at 4 h after injury. At the time of 8 h, the expression levels between the contusion and incision groups showed no statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION It is suggested that SFRP5 mRNA analysis may show regular expression and can be a marker for estimation of skeletal muscle injury age.
Animals ; Biomarkers/metabolism* ; Contusions/metabolism* ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism* ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism* ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Blood Banks ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Blood Donors ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Child ; Female ; Hepatitis C ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of liver transplantation (LT) and liver resection (LR) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) and to investigate risk factors affecting prognosis. Materials and Methods: A total of 94 HCC patients with PVTT type I (segmental PVTT) and PVTT type II (lobar PVTT) were involved and divided into LR (n=47) and LT groups (n=47). Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared before and after inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). Prognostic factors for RFS and OS were explored. Results: Two treatment groups were well-balanced using IPTW. In the entire cohort, LT provided a better prognosis than LR. Among patients with PVTT type I, RFS was better with LT (p=0.039); OS was not different significantly between LT and LR (p=0.093). In subgroup analysis of PVTT type I patients with α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels >200 ng/mL, LT elicited significantly longer median RFS (18.0 months vs. 2.1 months, p=0.022) and relatively longer median OS time (23.6 months vs. 9.8 months, p=0.065). Among patients with PVTT type II, no significant differences in RFS and OS were found between LT and LR (p=0.115 and 0.335, respectively). Multivariate analyses showed treatment allocation (LR), tumor size (>5 cm), AFP and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels to be risk factors of RFS and treatment allocation (LR), AFP and AST as risk factors for OS. Conclusion LT appeared to afford a better prognosis for HCC with PVTT type I than LR, especially in patients with AFP levels >200 ng/mL.

Objective To preliminarily evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a novel non-implantable atrial shunt device based on radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of chronic heart failure(CHF).Methods This was a prospective single-arm study.From January 2023 to December 2023,five eligible CHF patients were consecutively enrolled at Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University,and underwent inter-atrial shunt using Shenzhen Betterway atrial shunt device.Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure(PCWP),right atrial pressure(RAP),pulmonary artery pressure(PAP),total pulmonary resistance(TPR),pulmonary vascular resistance(PVR),and pulmonary/systemic blood flow ratio(Qp/Qs)were measured using right heart catheterization before and immediately after procedure.Patients were followed up for 90 days,and echocardiography,right heart catheterization,and cardiac functional indicators were evaluated.The primary endpoint was procedural success.Secondary endpoints included clinical success,echocardiographic changes,6-minute walk distance(6MWD)changes,New York Heart Association(NYHA)class changes,Kansas city cardiomyopathy questionnaire(KCCQ)score changes,and amino-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)level changes at 90 days.The safety endpoint was major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular adverse events and device-related adverse events.Results All five patients successfully achieved left-to-right atrial shunt.Compared with baseline,PCWP decreased significantly immediately after procedure in all five patients,with a procedural success rate of 100％.There were no significant changes in RAP,PAP,TPR,and PVR before and immediately after procedure.After 90 days follow-up,four patients had persistent left-to-right atrial shunt,and PCWP was significantly lower than baseline,with a clinical success rate of 80％.Compared with baseline,LVEF increased,left ventricular end-diastolic diameter decreased,and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and right ventricular fractional area change were not impaired in all five patients at 90 days.KCCQ scores and 6MWT improved,NT-proBNP decreased,and NYHA class did not change significantly.There were no deaths,rehospitalizations for heart failure,stroke-related adverse events,or device-related adverse events during the follow-up.Conclusions The novel non-implantable atrial shunt catheter can safely and effectively improve hemodynamic,echocardiographic,and cardiac functional indicators in patients with heart failure.However,larger-scale clinical studies are still needed to validate its long-term clinical effectiveness.

Objective: To compare left ventricular myocardial mechanics detected by cardiac magnetic resonance tissue tracking(CMR-TT) between patients with constrictive pericarditis(CP) and restrictive cardiomyopathy(RCM),and see if those can be used to differentiate CP from RCM patients. Methods: A total of 23 patients with CP, 20 patients with RCM, who hospitalized in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2014 to April 2019 were included in this study and 25 healthy subjects served as control group, all subjects underwent cardiac magnetic resonance examination. Myocardial mechanics were evaluated by 2-dimensional(2D) and 3-dimensional(3D) CMR-TT in terms of global longitudinal strain(GLS), circumferential strain(GCS), radial strain(GRS) and the lateral wall strain to septal wall strain ratio(lateral/septal ratio) of basal, mid-cavity and apical. The diagnostic area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was evaluated for differentiating CP from RCM. Results: Age, sex and heart rate were similar between CP and RCM patients(all P>0.05). 2D-GLS, 3D-GLS, GCS and GRS in CP and RCM groups were significantly lower than those in normal control group(all P<0.05).3D-GLS value was significantly lower in RCM patients than in CP patients(P<0.05), the area under the curve (AUC)=0.787(sensitivity 80%, specificity 78%). 3D-GCS was significantly lower in CP group than in RCM group(P<0.05), the AUC=0.737(sensitivity 80%, specificity 65%). However, there was no significant difference between CP and RCM in 3D-GRS(P>0.05). Compared with RCM, the circumferential and radial lateral/septal ratios of the basal were significantly lower in CP group than in RCM group(both P<0.05), AUC=0.737(sensitivity 70%, specificity 83%) and 0.737 (sensitivity 60%, specificity 87%), respectively. The left ventricular myocardial mechanics strain curve of the CP,RCM and normal control were different. The CP patients presented as " rapidly down-a platform" form, the RCM presented as "slowly down" form, and normal control presented as "rapidly down" form. Conclusion: Evaluating the differences in the diastolic process of left ventricular myocardium and left ventricular myocardial mechanics strain curve is helpful to differentiate CP from RCM patients.
Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Myocardium ; Pericarditis, Constrictive ; Reproducibility of Results ; Ventricular Function, Left