OBJECTIVETo probe the feasibility and efficacy of damage control orthopedics (DCO) in treating severe multiple injuries.

METHODSA retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 41 patients (31 males and 10 females, aged 18-71 years, mean: 36.4) with multiple injuries admitted to our department and treated by DCO from January 1995 to December 2005.

RESULTSAs a first-stage therapy, devascularization of internal iliac arteries was performed in 29 patients with pelvic fractures combined with massive bleeding, including ligation of bilateral internal iliac arteries in 21 patients and embolization of bilateral internal iliac arteries in 8. And early external fixation of pelvis was performed in 10 patients. Ten patients with severe multiple injuries combined with femoral fractures were managed with primary debridement and temporal external fixation and 2 patients with spinal fractures combined with spinal cord compression received simple laminectomy. Thirty-one patients received definite internal fixation after resuscitation in intensive care unit. The overall mortality rate was 12.1% (5/41) with an average injury severity score of 41.4. The main causes of death were hemorrhagic shock and associated injuries. Complications occurred in 7 patients including acute respiratory distress syndrome in 3 cases, thrombosis of right common iliac artery in 1, subphernic abscess in 2 and infection of deep wound in lower extremity in 1. After treatment, all the patients got cured.

CONCLUSIONSPrompt diagnosis and integrated treatment are keys to higher survival rate in patients with severe multiple injuries. In this condition, DCO is an effective and safe option.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Critical Care ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Trauma ; mortality ; surgery ; Orthopedic Procedures ; methods ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathologic features, diagnosis and treatment of biliary intraductal papillary neoplasm (IPN-B).

METHODSThe clinical, histopathological, treatment and prognosis data of 23 patients with IPN-B treated from January 1998 to December 2007 were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSThere were 13 male and 10 female, aged from 30 to 80 years [mean age was (61 +/- 12) years]. The clinical manifestation included 10 cases with asymptomatic, 7 cases with abdominal pain, 4 cases with jaundice, 1 case with emaciation, and 1 case with acute cholangitis, respectively. Nine patients were also associated with hepatolithiasis. The average diameter of the tumors was (6 +/- 4) cm, 4 lesions were located in the right lobe, 15 in the left lobe, and 4 in the extrahepatic bile duct. Histopathologically, there were 4 adenomas, 1 borderline neoplasm, 6 carcinomas in situ, and 12 carcinomas. All patients received operation;the mean duration of follow-up was (33 +/- 28) months. Overall 3-year and 5-year survival rates of IPN-B were 85.3% and 68.2% respectively.

CONCLUSIONSIPN-B represents a distinct clinicopathologic entity. Favorable prognosis for IPN-B is offered by curative resection.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bile Duct Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUNDPrimary liver cancer (PLC) is a common malignant tumor. Over the past decade, although farnesyltransferase (FTase) has emerged as a significant target for anticancer therapies and has become a hotspot of cancer research, its exact mechanism of action remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of FTase in PLC and its role in the development of PLC.

METHODSExpression of FTase was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) in cancer and surrounding normal tissues from 32 patients with PLC.

RESULTSExpression of FTase mRNA in PLC was significantly higher than that in normal hepatic tissues (P < 0.001). Overexpression of FTase was as high as 87.5%. The positive rate for FTase mRNA in the high tendency to metastatic recurrence group was obviously higher than that in the low tendency to metastatic recurrence group (P = 0.02). The positive rate for FTase mRNA in patients with metastatic recurrence during postoperative follow-up was also significantly higher than that in those without metastatic recurrence (P = 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe level of FTase mRNA expression in cancer tissues is much higher than in normal tissues. FTase may play an important role in the genesis and development of PLC and may be one of the reliable markers for the metastatic activity gained by liver tumor cells. FTase could be used clinically in predicting metastatic recurrence of PLC.

Adult ; Aged ; Farnesyltranstransferase ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Liver Neoplasms ; enzymology ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Messenger ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the mechanisms of histamine on chronic epilepsy induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ).

METHODSTo induce chemical kindling, a subconvulsive dose (35mg/kg) of PTZ was ip injected every 48 h in rats. Behavior changes were observed for 30 min after every injection of PTZ.

RESULTIp injection of histidine or icv injection of clobenpropit inhibited the development of kindling induced by PTZ, presenting prolonged latency for myoclonic jerks and clonic generalized seizures and depressed seizure stages in a dose-dependent manner. H(3)receptor agonist, immepip, and histidine decarboxylase, alpha-fluoromethylhistidine reversed the ameliorating effect of clobenpropit on seizure development in a dose-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONBrain histamine plays an important role in protection against myoclonic jerks and clonic generalized clonic seizures and its action may be via H(3)receptor.

Animals ; Brain ; physiology ; Chronic Disease ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Epilepsy ; chemically induced ; Histamine ; physiology ; Histidine ; pharmacology ; Imidazoles ; pharmacology ; Male ; Pentylenetetrazole ; pharmacology ; Piperidines ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thiourea ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo detect and type human papilloma virus (HPV) in the warts of oral mucosa from HIV-positive patients, and better understand the biological characters of these oral warts.

METHODSPolymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect and type HPV infection by consensus HPV primers Gp5+/Gp6+ and specific HPV primers (HPV6/11, 16, 18, 31, 33) in 34 cases of oral mucosa warts from HIV-positive patients.

RESULTSThe HPV infection rate was 88.2% by consensus HPV primers Gp5+/Gp6+; the HPV infection rate of HPV6/11, 16, 18, 31 was respectively 47.06%, 11.67%; 2.94%, and 5.88% by specific HPV primers.

CONCLUSIONMost lesions of oral warts from HIV-positive patients are associated with the infection of HPV. The low risk HPV6/11 infection is more common than the high risk HPV16, 18, 31.

HIV Infections ; virology ; HIV Seropositivity ; Humans ; Mouth Diseases ; virology ; Mouth Mucosa ; pathology ; virology ; Papillomaviridae ; isolation & purification ; Papillomavirus Infections ; diagnosis

Objective To investigate the effect on radioactivity in drinking water around Qinshan nuclear power station (QNPS)in normal operational condition.Methods The field monitoring and laboratory analysis methods were adopted to detect the total radioactivity level in drinking water in 2015,according to different distances from the nuclear island and different types of water.Results The total alpha and total beta radioactivity level in drinking water around QNPS were 0.027(0.098)Bq /L and 0.263(0.071)Bq /L respectively,which were obviously lower than the national health standard limits(total alpha and total beta are 0.5,1.0 Bq /L respectively).Total radioactivity level had no relation with the distance from the nuclear island (P >0.05).The total alpha radioactivity in deep well water was the highest among the investigated three types of drinking water,and the highest value was 0.224 Bq /L.The beta radioactivity level in river water was the highest,and the highest value was 0.408 Bq /L.The total alpha radioactivity level was 0.017 (0.013)Bq /L in 2015, higher than the average level during 2010—2014.The beta radioactivity average level was 0.319 (0.102)and 0.289 (0.055)Bq /L,also higher than the average level during 2010—2014.Conclusion The total radioactivity in drinking water among nuclear power plant is in normal background level,so at present there is no effect of the radioactive contamination on drinking water around QNPS in nuclear power plant's normal operational condition.

Objective To establish a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) through the optimization of the chromatographic conditions, which can detect the contents of clenbuterol hydrochloride (CL) residues in animal edible product in a large quantity. Methods The animal edible product were extracted by perchloric acid, and then impurities were removed by liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) which used ethyl acetate- isopropanol. After the organic phase was concentrated, C18 column (150 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used to separate CL. Mobile phase were methanol-sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and then determined by HPLC. Results A good linear response was obtained over the range of 0.2-10.0 μg/mL with the correlation coefficient (r) 0.99984. The method determination limit was 0.15 μg/kg which was lower than the National standard method 0.5μg/kg. The retention time of the CL was 6.51 min, the chromatographic peak was good. The recovery rates spiked with standards 1.6-12 μg were 92.86％-100.93％, which was higher than National standard method (89.79％-92.36％) . The precision of intra-day and inter-day were both under 5％, which lower than National standard. Conclusion The optimized chromatographic conditions are suitable for the large quantity determination of clenbuterol hydrochloride in animal edible product.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the quality of life (QOL) in the patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) after PEG-Interferon a-2a therapy.

METHODSA study based on 102 CHC patients (group A, before PEG- Interferon a-2a therapy, T0) and 44 healthy persons (group B) was carried out using the general quality of life inventory (GQOLI-74) questionnaire, and QOL were compared between the two groups. Patients in group A were divided into subgroup A1 (72 patients ) which was given PEG-Interferon a-2a plus Ribavirin for one year and subgroup A2 (30 patients) without any antivirus therapy. QOL of patients in these two subgroups was investigated using GQOLI-74 questionnaire on the end of PEG-Interferon a-2a plus Ribavirin therapy (T1) and half one year after the end of PEG-Interferon a-2a plus Ribavirin therapy (T2). QOL of CHC patients (group A1 and A2) were compared at T0, T1 and T2, respectively.

RESULTSCompared with group B, patients in group A had lower QOL (P < 0.05) on other scales and total scores of the GQOLI-74 questionnaire except psychological function(P > 0.05). Both on T1 and T2, patients in subgroup A1 had higher QOL on physical function, psychological function, social function and total scores than patients in subgroup A2 at the same time (P < 0.05). Patients in subgroup A1 at T1 had higher QOL on physical function, psychological function, social function and total scores than at T0 (P < 0.05). Patients in subgroup A1 at T2 had higher QOL on social function than that at T1 (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSQOL of CHC patients is more impaired than healthy persons. PEG-Interferon a-2a therapy will improve the QOL.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polyethylene Glycols ; therapeutic use ; Quality of Life ; Recombinant Proteins ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the risk factors and the values of early invasive intervention in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) without ST-segment elevation.

METHODSFive hundred and forty-five patients of ACS without ST-segment elevation were randomly assigned to an early conservative strategy or early invasive strategy who had been admitted to hospitals consecutively from Oct. 2001 to Oct. 2003. The combined cardiovascular events (a combination of cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal heart failure and re-hospital admission due to recurrent ischemia angina) within 30 days and 6 months were analyzed and the primary high risk factors for combined cardiovascular events were evaluated by means of multivariate logistic regression analysis among baseline clinical characteristics and laboratory data, meanwhile, the effects of an early conservative strategy or early invasive strategy on outcomes were also investigated.

RESULTSThe incidences of combined cardiovascular events within 30 days and 6 months among 513 cases were 14.0% and 25.7% respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis implied ST-segment depression, elevation of troponin I level, increased C-reactive protein, lower ejection fraction of left ventricular and higher TIMI risk scores were all associated with an increases in cardiovascular events within 6 months, and they were respectively independent predictive factor for the increases of cardiovascular events. Early invasive strategy was associated with a lower rate of re-hospital admission due to recurrent ischemia angina within 30 days and a decreased incidences of combined cardiovascular events within 30 days and 6 months compared with early conservative strategy (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSST-segment depression, elevation of troponin I level, increased C-reactive protein, lower ejection fraction of left ventricular and higher TIMI risk scores are high risk factors for patients with ACS without ST-segment elevation, and early invasive strategy can have a substantial impact in reducing combined cardiovascular events.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; epidemiology ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; Aged ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prognosis ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo analyze the primary risk factors of patients with first ST elevation acute myocardial infarction (FSTEMI) in Beijing and Shenyang area between 2004--2005. The Attributable risk percentage (ARP) and population attributable risk percentage (PARP) of every risk factor were determined.

METHODA total of 426 consecutive FSTEMI patients and 426 gender and age matched healthy controls were included in this 1:1 matched case-control study.

RESULTMultivariate logistic regression analysis showed that following 8 primary risk factors were associated with FSTEMI: heavy smoking (OR = 3.170), diabetes (OR = 2.835), positive family history (OR = 2.243), lack of soybeans intake (OR = 2.243), higher psychological stress (OR = 2.138), lack of fish intake (OR = 1.740), lower education level (OR = 1.572) and recent adverse life events (< 6 months before FSTEMI, OR = 1.515). The ARP are 71.53%, 58.33%, 54.05%, 40.81%, 56.85%, 41.53%, 48.62%, 54.00%; the PARP are 38.79%, 10.40%, 4.69%, 33.72%, 36.03%, 24.96%, 29.56%, 14.83%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONIn this patient cohort, the harmful risk factors responsible for the development of FSTEMI in Beijing and Shenyang areas during 2004--2005 are heavy smoking, higher psychological stress, lack of soybeans intake, lower education level, lack of fish intake, recent adverse life events, diabetes and positive family history.

Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Diabetes Complications ; epidemiology ; Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; epidemiology ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; adverse effects ; Stress, Psychological ; epidemiology