Our purpose is to describe a successful twin pregnancy and delivery after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) followed by calcium ionophore with spermatozoa from a globozoospermic man. On the second attempt of ICSI, all of eight metaphase II oocytes were fertilized with treatment with calcium ionophore. Day 3 transfer of six normally developing embryos resulted in an ongoing twin pregnancy, and two preterm healthy babies were born in the 33th week of gestation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of pregnancy and delivery after ICSI followed by calcium ionophore with spermatozoa from a globozoospermic man in Korea.
Calcium* ; Embryonic Structures ; Humans ; Metaphase ; Oocytes ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Twin* ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic* ; Spermatozoa*

No abstract available.
Bronchopulmonary Sequestration*

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of vertebroplasty on costal pain which develops following osteoporotic thoracic compression fractures (OTCFs). METHODS: The authors reviewed the medical records of 35 patients who underwent vertebral augmentation for the treatment of OTCFs over a five year period. The patients were divided into two groups: the costalgia group included patientswho had costal pain after a vertebral fracture and the non-costalgia group included patients without costalgia. To evaluate the effect of vertebroplasty on costal pain and factors related to costal pain, several factors including: vertebral body fracture type, pedicle injury, bone mineral density, the fracture level and clinical outcome were confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging and chart reviews. RESULTS: Among 35 patients, ten patients (28.6%) complained of costal pain with back pain. Only five of the ten patients (50%) had improved costal pain after a vertebroplasty. In the remaining 5 patients, the costal pain was improved through the use of medication including pain killers or a costal block during the follow-up period. Although the incidence of wedge deformity in the costal group was low(10%), there was no significant relationship to the incidence of costal pain statistically. Pedicle injury, bone mineral density and the fracture level had no significant relation to costal pain. CONCLUSION: The patients with wedge type, OTCFs may have a low incidence of costal pain as compared to those patients with bi-concave and crush deformities. The vertebroplasty effect on costal pain may not be effective. Therefore, before doing vertebroplasty, the surgeon should advise patients of this potential outcome in those treated for OTCFs.
Aged ; Back Pain ; Bone Density ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fractures, Compression ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intercostal Nerves ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Medical Records ; Osteoporosis ; Spinal Fractures ; Vertebroplasty

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of vertebroplasty on costal pain which develops following osteoporotic thoracic compression fractures (OTCFs). METHODS: The authors reviewed the medical records of 35 patients who underwent vertebral augmentation for the treatment of OTCFs over a five year period. The patients were divided into two groups: the costalgia group included patientswho had costal pain after a vertebral fracture and the non-costalgia group included patients without costalgia. To evaluate the effect of vertebroplasty on costal pain and factors related to costal pain, several factors including: vertebral body fracture type, pedicle injury, bone mineral density, the fracture level and clinical outcome were confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging and chart reviews. RESULTS: Among 35 patients, ten patients (28.6%) complained of costal pain with back pain. Only five of the ten patients (50%) had improved costal pain after a vertebroplasty. In the remaining 5 patients, the costal pain was improved through the use of medication including pain killers or a costal block during the follow-up period. Although the incidence of wedge deformity in the costal group was low(10%), there was no significant relationship to the incidence of costal pain statistically. Pedicle injury, bone mineral density and the fracture level had no significant relation to costal pain. CONCLUSION: The patients with wedge type, OTCFs may have a low incidence of costal pain as compared to those patients with bi-concave and crush deformities. The vertebroplasty effect on costal pain may not be effective. Therefore, before doing vertebroplasty, the surgeon should advise patients of this potential outcome in those treated for OTCFs.
Aged ; Back Pain ; Bone Density ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fractures, Compression ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intercostal Nerves ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Medical Records ; Osteoporosis ; Spinal Fractures ; Vertebroplasty

This study was carried out to investigate the development rates of human embryos co-cultured with cumulus cells to each blastocyst stage. Human zygotes were co-cultured on cumulus cell monolayer in YS medium supplemented with 20% hFF. On day 2, if patient had four or more 'good' embryos(regular blastomeres without fragmentation), embryos were further cultured for 72hrs. Blastocysts on day 5 were classified into early blastocyst (ErB), early expanding blastocyst (EEB), middle expanding Blastocyst (MEB), and expanded blastocyst (EdB) on the basis of their morphological aspects of trophectoderm cells and blastocoele. Subsequently, maximum 3 of best blastocysts were transferred in 486 cycles. The results in this study were as follows: Patients who had four or more 'good' embryos on day 2 were 498 persons, but patients whose embryos could not be transferred due to failure in development to the blastocyst stage on day 5 were 12 persons (2.4%). The development rate of embryos to the blastocyst stage was 58.2% (2,885/4,957) on day 5, and the rates that developed to the ErB, EEB, MEB, and EdB stage were 15.0% (743/4,957), 14.9% (739/4,957), 14.4% (714/4,957), and 13.9% (689/4,957), respectively. Total 1366 blastocysts were transferred in 486 cycles (mean number=2.81). The implantation rate and the ongoing implantation rate obtained by observing the number of G-sac and FHB were 29.9% (409/1,366) and 22.5% (308/1,366), respectively. The clinical pregnancy rate was 51.2% (249/486), and the ongoing pregnancy rate was 39.1% (190/486). Among women showing ongoing pregnancy, women with singleton were 50% (95/190), women with twin were 37.9% (72/190), and women with triplet were 12.1% (23/190). Although triplet pregnancy rate in this study was high such as 12.1%, because many blastocysts with high viability were produced in our co-culture system using cumulus cells on day 5, we really believe that a multiple pregnancy except twin should not occur by selecting good embryos for maximum two blastocyst transfer. These results demonstrate that autologous cumulus cells may be used for the production of blastocysts with high developmental competence, and the use of autologous cumulus cells to be collected easily, and to be treated conveniently at OPU must be an effective means for obtaining high implantation and pregnancy rate.
Blastocyst* ; Blastomeres ; Coculture Techniques* ; Cumulus Cells* ; Embryo Transfer ; Embryonic Structures* ; Female ; Humans* ; Mental Competency ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Pregnancy, Multiple ; Pregnancy, Triplet ; Triplets ; Zygote

The studies about factors influencing the retroprostheic membrane formation, one of major complications after keratoprosthesis implantation, and about histological characteristics of the retroprosthetic membrane were performed. The methods to inhibit formation and proliferation of membrane were also tried. Formation of the membrane according to corneal trephination size and the effects of lens removal to membrane formation were studied. The influence by the design of keratoprosthesis was also studied. Corticosteroid and SIMP (synthetic inhibitor of metalloproteinase) were applied topically to see the inhibitory effects of drugs to membrane. To evaluate the postoperative intraocular inflammation. Interleukin-1beta was assessed in the aqueous humor at postoperative 3 weeks. Regardless of trephination size, all trephination sites were replaced with opaque fibrous membranes. Histologically, in small trephination group (under 6mm) the membrane was regeneration of cornea showing corneal stromal fibroblast migration and proliferation and mature collagen. In large trephination group (over 7mm), the periphery of the membrane was compatible with corneal regeneration, but central portion was filled with granulation tissue. The removal of lens didn`t influenced the formation of membrane formation. In disc type keratoprosthesis implantation group, all the implants were extruded within 1 month due to retroprosthetic membrane formation. In cylinder type keratoprosthesis implantation group, the physical barrier of cylinder stopped the retroprosthetic membrane proliferation and spared the posterior surface of optic portion. The implants were not extruded for average 10 weeks. Corticosteroid and SIMP showed the effects of decreasing mature collagen formation in the membrane. The level of Interleukin-1beta at postoperative 3 weeks showed no difference according to different drugs and the highest level was checked in cylinder type keratoprosthesis implantation group.
Aqueous Humor ; Collagen ; Cornea ; Fibroblasts ; Granulation Tissue ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-1beta ; Membranes* ; Regeneration ; Trephining

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe and to analyze real communication about a patient's discomfort between a patient with cancer and a nurse. METHOD: A dialogue analysis method was utilized. Fifteen patients and 4 nurses who participated in this research gave permission to be videotaped. The data was collected from January, 3 to February 28, 2006. RESULTS: The communication process consisted of 4 functional stages: 'introduction stage', 'assessment stage', 'intervention stage' and 'final stage'. After trying to analyze pattern reconstruction in the 'assessment stage' and 'intervention stage', sequential patterns were identified. In the assessment stage, if the nurse lead the communication, the sequential pattern was 'assessment question-answer' and if the patient lead the communication, it was 'complaint-response'. In the intervention stage, the sequential pattern was 'nursing intervention-acceptance'. CONCLUSION: This research suggests conversation patterns between patients with cancer and nurses. Therefore, this study will provide insight for nurses in cancer units by better understanding communication behaviors.
Adult ; Aged ; *Communication ; Female ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms/nursing/*psychology ; Nurse's Role/psychology ; Nurse-Patient Relations ; Nursing Methodology Research ; Nursing Staff, Hospital/*psychology ; Tape Recording

To investigate the changes in refractive error following strabismus surgery, we stratified a total of 32 exotropic patients; 11 patients with horizontal recess/resect procedure in one eye; 11 patients with lateral rectus recession in one eye; and 10 patients with medial rectus resection in one eye. The cycloplegic refraction and corneal topography were examined prospectively in each group. We found a significant decrease in the refractive power at 180degrees meridian resulting in with the rule astigmatism in lateral rectus muscle recess group (p<0.05) and a significant decrease in the refractive power at 90degrees meridian resulting in against the rule astigmatism in medial rectus resection group in the first week after surgery (p<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant change due to mixture of the two procedures in recess/resect group. The changes in refractive power in four months after surgery gradually recovered to preoperative state in each group except 90degrees meridian in medial rectus resection group. These results indicate that the changes in refractive error in one week after strabismus surgery involved steepening of 180degrees meridian in medial rectus resection group, and flattening of 180degrees meridian in lateral rectus muscle recession group. However, there was no statistically significant change due to mixture of the two procedures in recess/resect group.
Astigmatism ; Corneal Topography ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Refractive Errors* ; Strabismus*

It has been widely accepted due to its simplicity, safety and effectiveness to correct high myopia by epikeratoplasty. We evaluated clinical results of 23 cases of myopic epikeratoplasty over one year follow up. The uncorrected visual acuity improved in all cases and corrected visual acuity improved in 20 cases (91%). But, in 5 cases (22%), we experienced progressive loss of lenticular power more than 4 diopter of emmetropia and their clinical courses were also reviewed Two cases were both eyes of the same patient. The loss of lenticular power appeared as early in 5th week and even in 6th month postoperatively. We could not find any differences between this grolp of power loss and that of remained well corrected within 4 diopter of emmetropia, except preoperative spherical equivalent (-19 diopter vs -15 diopter), period of reepithelization (8.2 days vs 5.9 days), and mean age (25.8 years vs 31.1 years). But, only the difference of mean age was statistically significant (p<0.05). In addition, the surgical techniques the process of manufacturing tissue lenticule, and postoperative care might be document2d as possible factors.
Emmetropia ; Epikeratophakia* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Myopia ; Postoperative Care ; Visual Acuity

The great chain of sympathetic ganglia which extends from the base of the skull to the pelvis, including the suprarenal medulla, accounts for the origin of the ganglioneuroma which compound with the matured ganglion cells and neural elements. The ganglioneuroma is non-functioning tumor, but occasionally this tumor accompanies with hypertension and diarrhea and increased excretion of vanilmandelic acid in urine. Recently we experienced a housewife with the bilateral ganglioma which developed at both suprarenal medulla and after successful removal of the tumors hypertension was controlled.
Diarrhea ; Ganglia, Sympathetic ; Ganglion Cysts ; Ganglioneuroma* ; Hypertension ; Pelvis ; Skull ; Vanilmandelic Acid