Salsola collina is widely distributed in droughty and semi-droughty area, which is used as a kind of folk remedy in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of hypertension. The study is on the chemical constituents of this herb from its aerial parts to obtain its active constituents. Dried and crushed aerial parts of this herb were extracted three times with 95% EtOH at reflux. The ethanol extracts were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure at 70 degrees C to yield residue, which was suspended in water and successively partitioned with light petroleum, chloroform and n-butanol. The chloroform and n-butanol fractions were treated by various chromatographic techniques, such as silica gel, C18 reversed-phase silica gel and macroporous resin column chromatography. Compounds were elucidated by their physicochemical properties and spectroscopic analysis. In the course of our study on searching biological active components from this herb, a new alkaloid together with three known alkaloids were isolated and identified as N-transferuloyl-3-methyldopamine (1), 3-[4-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]-N-[2-(4-hydroxyl-3-methoxyphenyl) ethyl]-2-propenamide (2), salsoline A (3), salsoline B (4). Compound 4 is a new compound and named as salsoline B, while compound 2 was obtained in Salsola collina for the first time.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Salsola ; chemistry ; Salsoline Alkaloids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

AIMTo study the chemical constituents of Salsola collina Pall..

METHODSCompounds were isolated by silica gel column chromatography. IR, MS, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, HMQC, HMBC, DEPT were used for the structural identification.

RESULTSTwo amide alkaloids were obtained. They were identified as N-transferuloyl-3-methyldopamine (I), (10bS)-1,2,3,5,6, 10b-hexahydropyrrolo [2,1-a]-8,9-dihydroxyisoquinoline-3-one (II).

CONCLUSIONCompound I was isolated from this genus for the first time. Compound II is a new compound named salsoline A.

Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Salsola ; chemistry ; Salsoline Alkaloids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVEThe selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease is suspected to correlate with the increase of cellular iron, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of PD by promotion of oxidative stress. This research investigated dopamine-induced oxidative stress toxicity contributed by iron and the production of dopamine-derived neurotoxins in dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells.

METHODSAfter the SH-SY5Y cells were pre-incubated with dopamine and Fe2+ for 24 h, the cell viability, hydroxyl radical, melondialdehyde, cell apoptosis, and catechol isoquinolines were measured by lactate dehydrogenase assay, salicylic acid trapping method, thiobarbuteric acid assay, Hoechst 33258 staining and HPLC-electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD), respectively.

RESULTS(1) Optimal dopamine (150 micromol/L) and Fe2+ (40 or 80 micromol/L) significantly increased the concentrations of hydroxy radicals and melondialdehyde in SH-SY5Y cells. (2) Induction with dopamine alone or dopamine and Fe2+ (dopamine/Fe2+) caused cell apoptosis. (3) Compared with untreated cells, the catechol isoquinolines, salsolinol and N-methyl-salsolinol in dopamine/Fe2+-induced cells were detected in increasing amounts.

CONCLUSIONDue to dopamine/Fe2+-induced oxidative stress similar to the state in the parkinsonian substantia nigra neurons, dopamine and Fe2+ impaired SH-SY5Y cells could be used as the cell oxidative stress model of Parkinson's disease. The catechol isoquinolines detected in cells may be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease as potential neurotoxins.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; physiology ; Catechols ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; physiology ; Dopamine ; toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Hydroxyl Radical ; metabolism ; Iron ; metabolism ; Iron Metabolism Disorders ; complications ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Isoquinolines ; metabolism ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Nerve Degeneration ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Neurotoxins ; toxicity ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Parkinson Disease ; etiology ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Salsoline Alkaloids ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation ; drug effects ; physiology