OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effects of curcumin(CUR) and its mechanism on a rat model of neurotoxicity induced by manganese chloride (MnCl₂), which mimics mangnism. METHODS: Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, with 12 rats in each group. Control group received 0.9% saline solution intraperitoneally (ip) plus double distilled water (dd) H₂O intragastrically (ig), MnCl₂ group received 15 mg/kg MnCl₂(Mn²⁺ 6.48 mg/kg) intraperitoneally plus dd H₂O intragastrically, CUR group received 0.9% saline solution intraperitoneally plus 300 mg/kg CUR intragastrically, MnCl₂+ CUR1 group received 15 mg/kg MnCl₂ intraperitoneally plus 100 mg/kg curcumin intragastrically, MnCl₂+ CUR2 group received 15 mg/kg MnCl₂ intraperitoneally plus 300 mg/kg CUR intragastrically, 5 days/week, 4 weeks. Open-field and rotarod tests were used to detect animals' exploratory behavior, anxiety, depression, movement and balance ability. Morris water maze (MWM) experiment was used to detect animals' learning and memory ability. ICP-MS was used to investigate the Mn contents in striata. The rats per group were perfused in situ, their brains striata were removed by brains model and fixed for transmission electron microscope (TEM), histopathological and immunohistochemistry (ICH) analyses. The other 6 rats per group were sacrificed. Their brains striata were removed and protein expression levels of transcription factor EB (TFEB), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), p-mTOR, Beclin, P62, microtubule-associated protein light chain-3 (LC3) were detected by Western blotting. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transterase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining was used to determine neurocyte apoptosis of rat striatum. RESULTS: After exposure to MnCl₂ for four weeks, MnCl₂-treated rats showed depressive-like behavior in open-field test, the impairments of movement coordination and balance in rotarod test and the diminishment of spatial learning and memory in MWM (P < 0.05). The striatal TH⁺ neurocyte significantly decreased, eosinophilic cells, aggregative α-Syn level and TUNEL-positive neurocyte significantly increased in the striatum of MnCl₂ group compared with control group (P < 0.05). Chromatin condensation, mitochondria tumefaction and autophagosomes were observed in rat striatal neurocytes of MnCl₂ group by TEM. TFEB nuclear translocation and autophagy occurred in the striatum of MnCl₂ group. Further, the depressive behavior, movement and balance ability, spatial learning and memory ability of MnCl₂+ CUR2 group were significantly improved compared with MnCl₂ group (P < 0.05). TH+ neurocyte significantly increased, the eosinophilic cells, aggregative α-Syn level significantly decreased in the striatum of MnCl₂+ CUR2 group compared with MnCl₂ group. Further, compared with MnCl₂ group, chromatin condensation, mitochondria tumefaction was alleviated and autophagosomes increased, TFEB-nuclear translocation, autophagy was enhanced and TUNEL-positive neurocyte reduced significantly in the striatum of MnCl₂+ CUR2 group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Curcumin alleviated the MnCl₂-induced neurotoxicity and α-Syn aggregation probably by promoting TFEB nuclear translocation and enhancing autophagy.
Animals ; Autophagy ; Chromatin ; Curcumin/pharmacology* ; Male ; Mammals ; Manganese/toxicity* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Saline Solution/pharmacology* ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases

In order to determine the tolerance ability of platelet to change of osmotic pressure in solution, the isotonic fresh platelets were exposed to a series of crystal salt solutions with osmotic pressure range from 47 to 611 mOsm for 15 minutes. Then the platelets were returned to isotonic condition and kept for 15 minutes. The expressions of phosphatidylserine and CD62p were assayed in platelets. The results showed that the phosphatidylserine and CD62p expressions were increased when the osmotic pressure of solution was below 238 mOsm, but no significant rise was detected when the platelets were exposed to 611 mOsm solution. No increases of positive rate of CD62p and phosphatidylserine were detected in platelets returned to isotonic condition. It is concluded that platelets are sensitive to hypoosmotic solution and tolerated to hyperosmotic solution. Exceeding the platelet safe volume limitation may lead to injure of platelet osmosis in crystal salt solution.
Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hypotonic Solutions ; pharmacology ; Isotonic Solutions ; pharmacology ; Osmotic Pressure ; P-Selectin ; biosynthesis ; Phosphatidylserines ; biosynthesis ; Saline Solution, Hypertonic ; pharmacology ; Sodium Chloride ; pharmacology

A new method that uses the reduced scattering coefficients (micro'(s)) measured in rat's brain tissue in vivo after administration of hyperosmotic solution by bifurcated fiber optic probe is proposed in this paper. 60 SD rats were divided into three groups by randomization method, and then were treated by 0.9% NaCl, 20% Mannitol and 7.5% NaCl through vena caudalis, respectively. The changes of micro'(s) in every rat's local cortex were observed continuously by a bifurcated fiber optic probe in vivo in a mini-invasive way. No changes of micro'(s) were observed in the control group which was given by 0.9% NaCl, while the micro'(s), relative changes of the 20% mannitol group and 7.5% NaCl group increased by 7.3% +/- 1.7% and 12.8% +/- 2.9%, respectively. The results showed that there were significant differences among the three groups (P < 0.05). The micro'(s) of rat's local cortex observed by bifurcated fiber optic probe can be used for shedding light on the anhydration induced by hyperosmotic solution.
Animals ; Cerebral Cortex ; drug effects ; Female ; Male ; Mannitol ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Saline Solution, Hypertonic ; pharmacology ; Scattering, Radiation

AIMTo study the effect of volume expansion by 0.9% and 1.8% sodium solution on cardiac-renal reflex activity and the role of cardiac-renal reflex in the regulation of integrated function.

METHODS18 health pentobarbital-anaesthetized rabbits were divided evenly into 2 groups at random, bilateral sino-aortic denervation, intubated via right jugular vein to monitor CVP, left renal nerve separated and ending sectioned to record ERSNA, bilateral ureter intubated to collect urine, right femoral intubated to get blood sample. 15% of whole body blood volume of 0.9% and 1.8% sodium solution were injected via jugular vein 10 ml per minute respectively. The CVP, ERSNA, bilateral urine volume and coefficient of sodium excretion were measured before treated, during treated, one minute, five minutes and ten minutes after treated.

RESULTSVolume expansion by 0.9% and 1.8% sodium solution respectively resulted in the increase of CVP by 64.00% +/- 15.56% and 77.00% +/- 23.74%; the decrease of the frequency of ERSNA by 44.00% +/- 13.64% and 63.00% +/- 12.49%, the average burst time of ERSNA by 37.00% +/- 16.49% and 31.00% +/- 10.69%, the increase of average interval of ERSNA bursts by 60.00% +/- 18.38% and 68.00% +/- 27.04%; the increase of urine volume by 158.00% +/- 28.10% and 640.00% +/- 155.39% in left kidney, 192.00% +/- 32.26% and 1343.00% +/- 429.95% in the right; the increase of coefficient of sodium excretion by 132.00% +/- 35.23% and 376.00% +/- 121.72% in the left, 300.00% +/- 76.99% and 856.00% +/- 261.48% in the right.

CONCLUSIONVolume expansion by different solution stimulate the receptors of cardiopulmonary and regulate the water and sodium excretion of the kidney by the cardiac-renal reflex to modulate the stabilization of blood volume.

Animals ; Blood Volume ; drug effects ; physiology ; Central Venous Pressure ; Heart ; drug effects ; innervation ; Kidney ; drug effects ; innervation ; Rabbits ; Reflex ; Saline Solution, Hypertonic ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of hypertonic saline solution on the left ventricular functions of isolated hearts from burned rats.

METHODSThirty-six Wistar rats were used and divided into 4 groups: (1) normal hearts perfused with isotonic Krebs-Henseleit solution; (2) normal hearts perfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution which contained 215 mmol/L Na+; (3) hearts of rats suffered from 25% TBSA third degree burn and perfused with isotonic Krebs-Henseleit solution; (4) hearts of the burned rats perfused with Krebs-Henseleit solution which contained 215 mmol/L Na+. The systolic and diastolic functions of the left ventricle were observed.

RESULTSDuring perfusion, there were very short periods of decrease in heart systolic and diastolic functions at first, but they recovered very soon and even became stronger than normal both in the normal and burned rats. The systolic and diastolic functions of the hearts increased very significantly when the perfusion solution was changed to isotonic solution from the hypertonic solutions. The effect of the hypertonic saline solution on the ventricular systolic and diastolic improvements was stronger in the hearts of the burned rats than that in the normal hearts.

CONCLUSIONSHypertonic saline solution can directly affect myocardium and significantly improve the ventricular systolic and diastolic functions, especially in the hearts of the burned rats.

Animals ; Burns ; physiopathology ; Female ; Heart ; drug effects ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Saline Solution, Hypertonic ; pharmacology ; Ventricular Function, Left ; drug effects

OBJECTIVE: To observe whether metformin (MET) inhibits transforming growth factor-β₁ (TGF-β₁)/Smad3 signaling pathway by activating adenosine activated protein kinase (AMPK), so as to alleviate the pulmonary fibrosis caused by paraquat (PQ) poisoning in mice. METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the Control group, PQ poisoning model group (PQ group), MET intervention group (PQ+MET group), AMPK agonist group (PQ+AICAR group), and AMPK inhibitor group (PQ+MET+CC group), according to a random number table method. A mouse model of PQ poisoning was established by one-time peritoneal injection of 1 mL PQ solution (20 mg/kg). The Control group was injected with the same volume of normal saline. After 2 hours of modeling, the PQ+MET group was given 2 mL of 200 mg/kg MET solution by gavage, the PQ+AICAR group was given 2 mL of 200 mg/kg AICAR solution by intraperitoneal injection, the PQ+MET+CC group was given 2 mL of 200 mg/kg MET solution by gavage and then 1 mL complex C (CC) solution (20 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected, the Control group and PQ group were given 2 mL of normal saline by gavage. The intervention was given once a day for 21 consecutive days. The 21-day survival rate of ten mice in each group was calculated, and the lung tissues of remaining mice were collected at 21 days after modeling. The pathological changes of lung tissues were observed under light microscope after hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Masson staining, and the degree of pulmonary fibrosis was evaluated by Ashcroft score. The content of hydroxyproline in lung tissue and oxidative stress indicators such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected. The protein expressions of E-cadherin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK), TGF-β₁ and phosphorylated Smad3 (p-Smad3) in lung tissue were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: Compared with the Control group, the 21 days survival rate was significantly reduced, lung fibrosis and Ashcroft score were significantly increased in PQ group. In addition, the content of hydroxyproline, MDA and the protein expressions of α-SMA, TGF-β₁ and p-Smad3 in lung tissue were significantly increased, while the activity of SOD and the protein expressions of E-cadherin and p-AMPK were significantly decreased in PQ group. Compared with the PQ group, the 21 days survival rates of mice were significantly improved in the PQ+MET group and PQ+AICAR group (70%, 60% vs. 20%, both P < 0.05). The degree of pulmonary fibrosis and the Ashcroft score were significantly reduced (1.50±0.55, 2.00±0.63 vs. 6.67±0.52, both P < 0.05). The content of hydroxyproline and MDA in lung tissue, as well as α-SMA, TGF-β₁ and p-Smad3 protein expressions were significantly reduced [hydroxyproline (mg/L): 2.03±0.11, 3.00±0.85 vs. 4.92±0.65, MDA (kU/g): 2.06±1.48, 2.10±1.80 vs. 4.06±1.33, α-SMA/GAPDH: 0.23±0.06, 0.16±0.06 vs. 1.00±0.09, TGF-β₁/GAPDH: 0.28±0.03, 0.53±0.05 vs. 0.92±0.06 p-Smad3/GAPDH: 0.52±0.04, 0.69±0.06 vs. 1.11±0.10, all P < 0.05], SOD activity and the protein expressions of E-cadherin and p-AMPK were significantly increased [SOD (μmol/g): 39.76±1.35, 33.03±1.28 vs. 20.08±1.79, E-cadherin/GAPDH: 0.91±0.08, 0.72±0.08 vs. 0.26±0.04, p-AMPK/GAPDH: 0.62±0.04, 0.60±0.01 vs. 0.20±0.04, all P < 0.05]. However, these protective effects of MET were inhibited by the addition of AMPK inhibitor CC solution. CONCLUSIONS MET can effectively alleviate the degree of pulmonary fibrosis in mice poisoned with PQ, and its mechanism may be related to the activation of AMPK and inhibition of TGF-β₁/Smad3 signaling pathway, which can be inhibited by AMPK inhibitor CC.
Mice ; Male ; Animals ; Pulmonary Fibrosis/drug therapy* ; Paraquat ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/pharmacology* ; Metformin/pharmacology* ; Hydroxyproline/pharmacology* ; Saline Solution ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Lung/metabolism* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/pharmacology* ; Cadherins ; Superoxide Dismutase

This study aims to explore the effect of Sini Decoction on Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) signaling pathway in the mice with allergic asthma(AA). Forty-eight SPF-grade BALB/c mice were randomly assigned into a blank control group, a model group, a dexamethasone group, and high-, medium-, and low-dose Sini Decoction groups, with 8 mice in each group. The sensitization solution made of ovalbumin and aluminum hydroxide powder was injected intraperitoneally in other groups except the blank control group which was injected with an equal volume of normal saline. The solution(or normal saline) was injected three times in total with an interval of 7 days. At the same time of sensitization, external cold stimulation and ice water were administered in a 4 ℃ climate box for 20 min every day. After modeling, the mice in each group were administrated with corresponding drugs by gavage for 3 weeks. At the end of administration, pentobarbital sodium(30 mg·kg~(-1)) was used for anesthesia, and then the samples were collected for the determination of various indexes. The phenol red test was conducted to evaluate tracheal excretion function. The histopathological changes of lung tissue were observed via hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining. Masson staining was employed to reveal the deposition of blue collagen fibers around bronchi in lung tissue and the area occupied by blue collagen fibers was calculated. Immunofluorescence method was used to measure the expression of bronchial type Ⅰ collagen(Col-Ⅰ) and α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA). The protein and mRNA levels of TLR4, NF-κB, cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1(caspase-1), and interleukin-13(IL-13) were determined by Western blot and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(real-time PCR), respectively. Compared with the model group, Sini Decoction significantly increased the phenol red excretion from trachea, lowered the lung inflammation score, reduced subepithelial collagen deposition, and decreased Col-Ⅰ and α-SMA levels. Furthermore, the decoction down-regulated the protein and mRNA levels of TLR4, NF-κB, caspase-1, and IL-13 in mouse lung tissue. In conclusion, Sini Decoction can improve air remodeling by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Mice ; Animals ; NF-kappa B/metabolism* ; Airway Remodeling ; Interleukin-13/pharmacology* ; Toll-Like Receptor 4/genetics* ; Saline Solution/pharmacology* ; Phenolsulfonphthalein/pharmacology* ; Asthma/genetics* ; Signal Transduction ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; RNA, Messenger ; Caspases

PURPOSE: This study was done to examine the effects of 4% hypertonic saline solution mouthwash and tooth brushing education on the oral health of elders living in long term care facilities. METHODS: In this quasi-experimental study, the participants were assigned to a 2% experimental group (n=20), a 4% experimental group (n=20), and a control group (n=20). Data were analyzed using ANOVA, repeated measures ANOVA, Fisher exact test, Chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis test and multiple response analysis with the SAS program. RESULTS: Regular tooth brushing and use of 4% hypertonic saline solution mouthwash by elders provided better oral health by decreasing xerostomia, oral tongue plaque, halitosis, and the number of oral bacteria. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that regular tooth brushing with continuous 4% hypertonic saline solution mouth washing education promotes oral health for elders in long term care facilities, thus the dental care described in this study is recommended for elders in long term facilities.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bacteria/drug effects/isolation & purification ; Dental Plaque/prevention & control ; Female ; Halitosis/prevention & control ; *Homes for the Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Mouthwashes/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; *Oral Health ; Saline Solution, Hypertonic/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Toothbrushing ; Xerostomia/prevention & control

Objective: To explore the effects and mechanism of water-soluble chitosan hydrogel on infected full-thickness skin defect wounds in diabetic mice. Methods: The experimental research method was adopted. The control hydrogel composed of polyvinyl alcohol and gelatin, and the water-soluble chitosan hydrogel composed of the aforementioned two materials and water-soluble chitosan were prepared by the cyclic freeze-thaw method. The fluidity of the two dressings in test tube before and after the first freeze-thawing was generally observed, and the difference in appearance of the final state of two dressings in 12-well plates were compared. According to random number table (the same grouping method below), the cell strains of L929 and HaCaT were both divided into water-soluble chitosan hydrogel group and control hydrogel group, respectively. After adding corresponding dressings and culturing for 24 h, the cell proliferation activity was measured using cell counting kit 8. Rabbit blood erythrocyte suspensions were divided into normal saline group, polyethylene glycol octyl phenyl ether (Triton X-100) group, water-soluble chitosan hydrogel group, and control hydrogel group, which were treated accordingly and incubated for 1 hour, and then the hemolysis degree of erythrocyte was detected by a microplate reader. Twenty-four female db/db mice aged 11-14 weeks were selected, and full-thickness skin defect wounds on their backs were inflicted and inoculated with the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), 72 h later, the mice were divided into blank control group, sulfadiazine silver hydrogel group, control hydrogel group, and water-soluble chitosan hydrogel group, which were treated accordingly. On post injury day (PID) 0 (immediately), 7, 14, and 21, the healing of the wound was observed. On PID 14 and 21, the wound healing rate was calculated. On PID 14, MRSA concentration in wounds was determined. On PID 21, the wounds were histologically analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin staining; the expression of CD31 in the wounds was detected by immunofluorescence method, and its positive percentage was calculated. Raw264.7 cells were taken and divided into interleukin-4 (IL-4) group, blank control group, control hydrogel group, and water-soluble chitosan hydrogel group, which were treated accordingly. At 48 h of culture, the percentages of CD206 positive cells were detected by flow cytometry. The number of samples was all 3. Data were statistically analyzed with independent sample t test, one-way analysis of variance, analysis of variance for repeated measurement, least significant difference test, and Dunnett T3 test. Results: Two dressings in test tube had certain fluidity before freeze-thawing and formed semi-solid gels after freeze-thawing for once. The final forms of two dressings in 12-well plates were basically stable and translucent sheets, with little difference in transparency. At 24 h of culture, the cell proliferation activities of L929 and HaCaT in water-soluble chitosan hydrogel group were significantly higher than those in control hydrogel group (with t values of 6.37 and 7.50, respectively, P<0.01). At 1 h of incubation, the hemolysis degree of erythrocyte in water-soluble chitosan hydrogel group was significantly lower than that in Triton X-100 group (P<0.01), but similar to that in normal saline group and control hydrogel group (P>0.05). On PID 0, the traumatic conditions of mice in the 4 groups were similar. On PID 7, more yellowish exudates were observed inside the wound in blank control group and control hydrogel group, while a small amount of exudates were observed in the wound in sulfadiazine silver hydrogel group and water-soluble chitosan hydrogel group. On PID 14, the wounds in blank control group and control hydrogel group were dry and crusted without obvious epithelial coverage; in sulfadiazine silver hydrogel group, the scabs fell off and purulent exudate was visible on the wound; in water-soluble chitosan hydrogel group, the base of wound was light red and obvious epithelial coverage could be observed on the wound. On PID 14, the wound healing rate in water-soluble chitosan hydrogel group was significantly higher than that in the other 3 groups (all P<0.01). On PID 21, the wound in water-soluble chitosan hydrogel group was completely closed, while the wounds in the other 3 groups were not completely healed; the wound healing rate in water-soluble chitosan hydrogel group was significantly higher than that in the other 3 groups (all P<0.01). On PID 14, the concentration of MRSA in the wound in water-soluble chitosan hydrogel group was significantly lower than that in blank control group (P<0.01), but similar to that in control hydrogel group and sulfadiazine silver hydrogel group (P>0.05). On PID 21, the new epidermis was severely damaged in blank control group; the epidermis on the wound in control hydrogel group also had a large area of defect; complete new epidermis had not yet being formed on the wound in sulfadiazine silver hydrogel group; the wound in water-soluble chitosan hydrogel group was not only completely covered by the new epidermis, the basal cells of the new epidermis were also regularly aligned. On PID 21, the percentage of CD31 positivity in the wound in water-soluble chitosan hydrogel group was (2.19±0.35)%, which was significantly higher than (0.18±0.05)% in blank control group, (0.23±0.06)% in control hydrogel group, and (0.62±0.25)% in sulfadiazine silver hydrogel group, all P<0.01. At 48 h of culture, the percentage of CD206 positive Raw264.7 cells in water-soluble chitosan hydrogel group was lower than that in IL-4 group (P>0.01) but significantly higher than that in blank control group and control hydrogel group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions: The water-soluble chitosan hydrogel has good biosafety and can induce higher level of macrophage M2 polarization than control hydrogel without water-soluble chitosan, so it can enhance the repair effect of MRSA-infected full-thickness skin defect wounds in diabetic mice and promote rapid wound healing.
Mice ; Female ; Animals ; Rabbits ; Interleukin-4 ; Hydrogels/pharmacology* ; Wound Healing ; Chitosan/pharmacology* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; Water ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Gelatin ; Polyvinyl Alcohol ; Hemolysis ; Saline Solution ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Hematoxylin ; Octoxynol ; Silver ; Phenyl Ethers ; Sulfadiazine

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the hypothesis that hydrogen could ameliorate cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced lung injury of rats by inhibiting cystathionine-gamma-lyase/hydrogen sulfide (CSE/HS) system. METHODS: A total number of 24 healthy male SD rats weighting 250～300 g were randomly divided into four groups (n=6 in each group): sham operation group(sham group), hydrogen-rich saline control group(H group), CLP group and hydrogen-rich saline treatment group(CLP+H group). The rats were treated with hydrogen-rich saline or saline 10 min before CLP or sham operation. At 8 h of sham or CLP operation, lung samples were obtained to detect the changes of the CSE/HS system using biochemical and RT-PCR methods. In order to further confirm the role of HS during hydrogen improve the lung injury of CLP rats, we also observed the effect of hydrogen-rich saline on the lung injury induced by HS donor-sodium sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS). Thirty-two healthy male SD rats (250~300 g) were randomly divided into four groups (n=8 in each group): control group, HS group, HS+H group and H group. Saline(10 mg/kg) or NaHS(HS donor, 56 μmol/kg) was injected intraperitoneally (10 mg/kg) respectively into rats in the control rats or HS group. For rats in the HS+H and H group, hydrogen-rich saline (10 mg/kg) was injected 10 min before saline or NaHS administration. Eight hours after the LPS saline or NaHS administration, lung coefficient, MDA content, and MPO activity were detected. The contents of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 in lung tissue were measured, and the morphological changes of lung tissue were also observed. RESULTS: CSE/HS system up-regulating were observed in animals exposed to CLP. Hydrogen-rich saline treatment significantly inhibited CSE/HS system as indicated by significantly reduced HS production in lung, along with a decreased CSE activity and CSE mRNA expression (all P＜0.05). Importantly, the results showed that lung injury and lung tissue inflammation were observed in animals exposed to NaHS. Hydrogen-rich saline treatment significantly attenuated lung injury as indicated by significantly improved histological changes in lung, significantly reduced index of quantitative assessment (IQA), MDA content and lung coefficient (all P＜0.05). MPO activity in lung tissue was significantly reduced along with decreased productions of TNF-α and IL-6, and an increased production of IL-10 in the presence of hydrogen (all P＜0.05), demonstrating antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of hydrogen in NaHS-induced ALI. CONCLUSION These results indicate that hydrogen-rich saline peritoneal injection improves the lung injury induced by CLP operation. The therapeutic effects of hydrogen-rich saline may be related to suppressing the production of HS.
Animals ; Cecum ; surgery ; Cystathionine gamma-Lyase ; metabolism ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Hydrogen ; pharmacology ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; metabolism ; Ligation ; Lung Injury ; therapy ; Male ; Punctures ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Saline Solution ; pharmacology