Objective:To investigate the urban community empty nesters' mental health status in Xi'an,analyze the causes,and thus to recommend some countermeasures.Methods:The general situation questionnaire,the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90),the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and the Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness were used to investigate the mental health status of urban community empty nesters.A total of 280 old men have been investigated,of which 150 were empty nesters (research group) but 130 were not (control group).Results:There was no statistically significant difference in gender,age,education background between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).As for SCL-90,the average scores of somatization,interpersonal relationship,depression,anxiety,and horror in the research group were significantly higher than the control group (P ＜ 0.05),while there was no significant difference in other factors (P ＞ 0.05).The scores of SSRS,objective support,subjective support,and exploitation degree of support in the research group were all significantly lower than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The subjective well-being was significantly lower in the research group than the control group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion:In Xi'an,the overall mental health of community empty nester is at a low level.It suggests perfect the old-age care system in our country,appeal to social organizations to give full play in supporting role,strengthen psychological intervention of community health service center,strengthen the construction of ethics and filial piety culture,deepen the consciousness of family in order to improve the empty nesters' mental health.

Objective? To explore the professional training will and needs of caregivers for the elderly in Shaanxi province and to provide reference for completing the training program for caregivers for the elderly, clarifying the content of training and making relevant policies. Methods? Totally 1 390 caregivers for the elderly from 143 nursing homes in Shaanxi province were selected by convenient sampling from January to September 2017 and investigated with the self-made questionnaire for their will and needs of professional training. χ2 test was used to identify the influencing factors to the caregivers' will of professional training, and the statistically significant variables were included into the Logistic regression model to analyze the influencing factors to professional training of caregivers for the elderly in Shaanxi province. Results?(1) Professional training will:1 085 caregivers (78.1%) were willing to participate in professional training, while 305 caregivers (21.9%) were not willing to do so. Logistic regression analysis showed that educational background, marital status, needs for professional knowledge, certificate of caregivers, effects of previous training and economic income were the influencing factors to the professional training will of caregivers for the elderly in Shaanxi province (P＜0.05). (2) Professional training needs: the form of training was mainly short-term training (48.4%), and the cost of training was mostly free of charge or borne by their institutions (68.7%). Their desired form of training was graded training (64.3%), and the content of training focused primarily on daily life care (83.7%) and basic care (82.2%). Conclusions? The proportion of caregivers for the elderly in Shaanxi province who are willing to receive professional training is high. Targeted graded professional training should be provided according to different situations of caregivers so as to improve the service of care for the elderly. The government or nursing homes are advised to provide part-time and short-term professional training which focuses primarily on daily life care and psychological care, complete training plans and meet social needs, without increasing economic burden on caregivers for the elderly.

Objective To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of depression in empty-nest elderly, so as to provide evidence for reducing depression in empty-nest elderly. Methods During July to August 2016, the elderly over 60 years old in Shaanxi Province, including 504 empty-nest elderly and 194 non-empty-nest, were selected convenience sampling method. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Social Support Scale, and self-designed questionnaire about the general condition were used. ANOVA was applied to analyze the depression scores; Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relation between social support and depressive symptoms; and Logistic regression analysis had been used to analyze the influencing factors of depression. Results The detection rate on depression of empty-nest elderly was 45.63%, and that of the non-empty-nest elderly was 32.99%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=10.447,P< 0.05). The scores of GDS of the empty-nest and non-empty-nest elderly were (9.68±5.26) and (8.51±4.69) respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (t=7.390,P< 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that living pattern (OR=0.596), degree of education (OR=0.799), age (OR=1.394), place of abode (OR=1.699), happiness degree of later life (OR=1.663) and current life satisfaction (OR=1.474) were correlated with depressive symptom (P<0.05). In addition, Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the social support of the empty-nesters was negatively correlated with depression (r=-0.260,P<0.01). Conclusions The incidence of depression is high in empty-nest elderly, which seriously affects the physical and mental health of them. Targeted measures should be taken to provide more comprehensive social support for empty-nest elderly, improve their life quality and reduce the incidence of depression.

Objective To make volunteer service for the aged of university students as an important complement for the aged care to establish a long-term mechanism of volunteer service for the aged. Methods The teaching model integrated volunteer service for the aged into nursing practice teaching was built by adding practice of community volunteer service for the aged to the courses of community nursing. Results This research structured the organization and management model in volunteer service for the aged nursing practice teaching and preliminarily created an appraisal and motivation mechanism through setting up rules and regulations, evaluation for service effects as well as excitation mechanism. Conclusions We found a teaching model integrated with nursing practice teaching and volunteer service for the aged as well as an approach to attain a long-term and persistent development of volunteer service for the aged so as to provide a practical and theoretical basis basis for a long-term development volunteer service for the aged of university students.

Objective:To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of clinical nurses'clinical decision-making ability,and provide a reference and evidence for improving and enhancing the correct clinical decision-making ability of clinical nurses.Methods:A total of 300 clinical nurses in Shaanxi Province were selected as the research subjects by using the convenience sampling method.The General Information Questionnaire,Clinical Decision-Making Scale,and Comprehensive Decision-Making Style Scale were used to conduct the investigation and study.The influencing factors of clinical nurses'clinical decision-making ability were analyzed by using single-factor analysis and multivariate linear regression.Results:The total score of clinical nurses'clinical decision-making ability was(163.85±13.78)points,reaching the high-level standard of clinical decision-making ability(146.68-200.00)points.The results of Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the total score and the score of each dimension of clinical decision-making ability and the score of rational decision-making style(P<0.05).The score of the dimension of searching for information or new information was only negatively correlated with the score of intuitive-impulsive decision-making style(P<0.05).Avoidant decision-making style was negatively correlated with the scores of seeking information or new information,clarifying goals and values,the total score of clinical decision-making ability,and the dimensions of finding alternative solutions(P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression showed that rational decision-making style can positively affect clinical nurses'clinical decision-making ability,while avoidance decision-making style can negatively affect it.Conclusion:The clinical nurses'clinical decision-making ability has been maintained at a relatively constant high level,and it is greatly influenced by rational and avoidant decision-making styles.Medical managers need to organize targeted training activities and other measures to promote the construction of clinical nurses'rational decision-making style and minimize the influence of avoidant decision-making style,thus improving the clinical nurses'clinical decision-making ability.